用于多种夹层板等效的有限元分析法

针对夹层板力学性能解析法难于计算复杂结构的夹层板且通用性差的问题,本文采用有限元分析法研究了夹层板性能的等效方法。对夹层板的代表体单元模型施加位移约束,模拟弯曲变形时线性独立的应变分量和弯曲内力;根据夹层板内力与应变的本构关系,求出刚度矩阵;最后由刚度矩阵得出宏观等效弹性常数,从而把夹层板等效成连续材料的单层板单元。将该方法与解析法计算结果进行比较得到的夹层板单元四个主要弹性常数误差在0.2%以内,验证了该方法的有效性;另外采用该方法等效三种典型结构夹层板,比较实际模型和等效模型的弯曲响应,得到的误差均在1.4%以内,表明该方法在不考虑复杂多变的夹芯结构时具有通用性。     

Non-linear response of curved sandwich panels – extended high-order approach

The geometrical non-linear behavior a curved sandwich panel with a stiff or compliant core when subjected to a pressure load using the Extended High-Order Sandwich Panel theory (EHSAPT), is presented. The formulation follows the EHSAPT procedure where the in-plane. i.e circumferential rigidity of the core is considered and the distribution of the displacements through the depth of the core are presumed. These displacement distributions are the closed-form solutions of the 2D governing equations of the curved core without circumferential rigidity that appear in the HSAPT curved sandwich panel model. The mathematical formulation includes the field equations along with the appropriate boundary and continuity conditions that take into account the high-order stress resultants in the core due to the presumed distributions. Finally a numerical study is conducted for a panel loaded by a distributed pressure at the upper face sheet. It reveals that the post-buckling response of a curved sandwich panels is associated with shallow to deep wrinkling deformations of the upper face sheet in the case of a simply-supported panel or a general non-linear pattern without wrinkles in the case of pinned supports with a short span. In both cases a stable post-buckling response is observed similar to that of a plate one.     

Panel flutter prediction in two dimensional flow with enhanced piston theory

Piston theory may be used in the high Mach number supersonic flow region and/or in very high frequency subsonic or supersonic flow. In this flow model, the pressure at a point on the fluid-solid interface only depends on the downwash at the same point. However the classical piston theory may not be sufficient for some phenomena in aeroelasticity and aeroacoustics (far field prediction). Dowell and Bliss have created an extension of piston theory that allows for higher order effects that take into account the effect the distribution of downwash on pressure at any point. For simple harmonic motion, expansions in reduced frequency, inverse reduced frequency and/or inverse (square of) Mach number have all been created; The effects of higher order terms in these several expansion in creating an enhanced piston theory was illustrated for plunge and pitch motion of an airfoil (discrete system) by Ganji and Dowell. In the present paper, flutter prediction for a flexible panel in two –dimensional flow is investigated using enhanced piston theory. The goal of the present paper is to demonstrate that an enhance version of piston theory can analyze single degree of freedom flutter of a panel as compared to the classical piston theory and quasi-steady aerodynamic models which can only treat coupled mode flutter.     

夹芯板结构局部压入力学响应研究

利用材料试验机(MTS)实验研究了复合材料面板、闭孔泡沫铝芯层夹芯板结构在准静态压入时的变形和破坏特征。实验结果表明,夹芯板的破坏主要集中在压头作用的局部区域内;同时,根据最小势能原理建立了泡沫铝夹芯板在半球形压头作用下的压入力学响应理论预测模型。通过引入无量纲参数分析了夹芯板压入载荷-位移响应,并在不同面板厚度、芯层厚度和芯层相对密度情况下,对夹芯板压入响应理论解的有效性和适用性进行了讨论。     

Hybrid device for acoustic noise reduction and energy harvesting based on a silicon micro-perforated panel structure

A kind of hybrid device for acoustic noise reduction and vibration energy harvesting based on the silicon micro- perforated panel （MPP） resonant structure is investigated in the article. The critical parts of the device include MPP and energy harvesting membranes. They are all fabricated by means of silicon micro-electro-mechanical systems （MEMS） tech- nology. The silicon MPP has dense and accurate micro-holes. This noise reduction structure has the advantages of wide band and higher absorption coefficients. The vibration energy harvesting part is formed by square piezoelectric membranes arranged in rows. ZnO material is used as it has a good compatibility with the fabrication process. The MPP, piezo- electric membranes, and metal bracket are assembled into a hybrid device with multifunctions. The device exhibits good performances of acoustic noise absorption and acoustic-electric conversion. Its maximum open circuit voltage achieves 69.41 mV.     

分布式通风消声板特性研究*

在隔声板结构中,分布式内嵌大量小型消声单元,在入射声波被消声单元有效衰减的同时,气流可均匀通过整个板结构,形成一种分布式消声板结构。利用平面波理论和修正传递矩阵法,建立消声板简化模型,并预测模型传递损失。加工消声板样件,实验室内测试并验证其声学及通风性能。对比隔声测试结果与预测结果,验证修正传递矩阵法针对该结构的准确性,同时验证消声板结构的实际效果。结果显示,该分布式消声板结构具有良好的声学效果,修正传递矩阵法可应用于该结构的声学性能预测以及结构设计。     

现金持有动态调整机制——基于动态面板模型的实证分析

本文通过建立动态面板数据模型,系统地研究了中国企业现金持有的动态调整机制。发现:第一,企业存在最优目标现金持有水平,现金持有策略倾向于围绕这一目标进行动态调整,但是我国资本市场动态调整的成本较高;第二,现金持有不足企业的调整速度快于超额现金持有企业的调整速度,这说明,相对于超额现金持有带来的代理成本负面影响,企业更加倾向于关注现金持有不足所产生的流动性短缺风险。并且统计过程表明系统广义矩方法在动态面板模型估计中具有合理性。     

中国居民消费的特征分析——中基于两阶段面板分位回归

本文结合实际问题,提出一种两阶段面板数据分位回归方法,并使用该方法分析我国居民的消费特征。通过横向和纵向比较揭示三种不同收入人群的边际消费倾向的变化趋势。文章认为中等收入者的边际消费倾向趋于稳定,低收入者和高收入者的边际消费倾向都有上升的趋势。中国居民的边际消费倾向呈现"U"型,所以提高低收入者的消费不仅在于提高他们的收入,更重要的是缩小当前的贫富差距。     

信天翁近海面飞行时的气动力研究

针对信天翁近海面的飞行条件,研究信天翁能在大风浪中高效飞行的力学机理．将信天翁简化为二维机翼,采用势流理论的面元方法,重点研究了波浪的有益干扰．给出了信天翁在匀速固定高度飞行和自由飞行两种状态下的波浪扰动力．计算结果表明:信天翁的飞行效率不仅取决于飞行的高度和速度,而且取决于浪高和波长;在大风浪下信天翁可以从波浪有益干扰中获得推力来抵消部分飞行阻力,提高飞行效能．     

汽车覆盖件工艺补充面参数化设计方法

工艺补充面设计的合理性,是保证覆盖件成形质量的重要条件。工艺补充曲面设计和修改的便利性,是提高设计效率的重要途径。本文提出了建立可修改特征参数的截面线类型库,用双向NURBS蒙皮法分片生成工艺补充面的方法和流程,开发了相应的参数化设计模块。在此基础上可以快速实现基于用户控制的工艺补充面的参数化设计和修改。通过对汽车某些零件等实际覆盖件生成工艺补充面的数值仿真验证了可行性。