Heterogeneous interaction between zwitterions of some l-α-amino acids and ethanol molecule in water at 298.15 K

Dissolution enthalpies of l-α-aminobutyric acid, l-α-isoleucine, l-α-serine, l-α-threonine and l-α-cysteine in water and aqueous ethanol solutions have been measured by calorimetry at a temperature of 298.15 K. The obtained results were used to calculate the enthalpic heterogeneous pair interaction coefficients between zwitterions of amino acids and a molecule of ethanol in water. These values were interpreted in the terms of the hydrophobic or hydrophilic effects of the side chains of amino acids on their interactions with a polar molecule of ethanol in water.     

Theta lifting of nilpotent orbits for symmetric pairs

We consider a reductive dual pair in the stable range with the smaller member and of Hermitian symmetric type. We study the theta lifting of nilpotent -orbits, where is a maximal compact subgroup of and we describe the precise -module structure of the regular function ring of the closure of the lifted nilpotent orbit of the symmetric pair . As an application, we prove sphericality and normality of the closure of certain nilpotent -orbits obtained in this way. We also give integral formulas for their degrees.

     

Counter rotating vortex pair structure in a reacting jet in crossflow

This paper analyzes the time averaged flow structure of a reacting jet in cross flow (RJICF), emphasizing the structure of the counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP) by using simultaneous tomographic particle image velocimetry (TPIV) and hydroxyl radical planar laser induced fluorescence (OH-PLIF). It was performed to determine the extent to which heat release, and the associated effects of gas expansion and baroclinic vorticity production, impact the structure of the CVP. These results show the clear presence of a CVP in the time averaged flow field, whose trajectory lies below the jet centerline on either side of the centerplane. Consistent with other measurements of high momentum flux ratio JICF in nonreacting flows, there is significant asymmetry in strength of the two vortex cores. The strength and structure of the CVP was quantified with vorticity and swirling strength (λ_ci), showing that some regions of the flow with high shear are not necessarily accompanied by large scale bulk flow rotation and vice-versa. The OH PLIF measurement allows for correlation of the flame position with the dominant vortical structures, showing that the leeward flame branch lies slightly above, as well as, in the region between the CVP cores.     

纳米氧化铪的制备与热膨胀性

制备了尺寸为4 nm的HfO2纳米颗粒,并借助X射线原子对分布函数方法,研究了尺寸约4 nm和体相HfO2颗粒的晶格热膨胀。结果表明,在纳米尺度的HfO2中,晶格沿a,c轴的热膨胀性增大,b轴热膨胀性稍微减小,体积热膨胀性增大。同时纳米HfO2晶格热膨胀的各向异性比体相大。该现象是由于尺寸效应导致结构畸变变大,尤其是次近邻Hf-O-Hf键角减小,随后升温过程中该畸变发生热弛豫趋向恢复至平衡位置导致的。     

Photoinduced flavin-tryptophan electron transfer across vesicle membranes generates magnetic field sensitive radical pairs

ABSTRACT

Due to the photobiology of the flavoproteins DNA photolyase and cryptochrome, electron transfer reactions between flavins and tryptophan are of significant biological relevance. In addition, electron transfer across vesicle membranes has also seen much attention. In this work, we study the electron transfer reaction between flavins and tryptophan across lipid bilayer membranes in 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine small unilamellar vesicles using time-resolved optical absorption microspectroscopy and magnetically affected reaction yield spectroscopy. We demonstrate that riboflavin tetrabutyrate is embedded in the vesicle bilayer and can undergo electron transfer with tryptophan molecules in either the inner water pool or the bulk solution. Remarkably, flavin mononucleotide encapsulated in the inner water pool can undergo electron transfer across the vesicle bilayer to generate a magnetically sensitive radical pair with tryptophan molecules located in the bulk solution. The observed kinetics suggest that back electron transfer occurs between radical pairs generated by diffusive reencounter, either in the vesicle surface water or via electron hopping through degenerate electron exchange.     

A framework to enhance security of physically unclonable functions using chaotic circuits

As a new technique for authentication and key generation, physically unclonable function (PUF) has attracted considerable attentions, with extensive research results achieved already. To resist the popular machine learning modeling attacks, a framework to enhance the security of PUFs is proposed. The basic idea is to combine PUFs with a chaotic system of which the response is highly sensitive to initial conditions. For this framework, a specific construction which combines the common arbiter PUF circuit, a converter, and the Chua's circuit is given to implement a more secure PUF. Simulation experiments are presented to further validate the framework. Finally, some practical suggestions for the framework and specific construction are also discussed.     

大型强子对撞机中顶夸克对的产生

通过分析质心能量为8 TeV的质子-质子对撞实验,对大型强子对撞机上的ATLAS探测器,测量了顶夸克对产生过程pp→tt     

Nonlocal Symmetry and Explicit Solution of the Alice-Bob Modified Korteweg-de Vries Equation

Nonlocal symmetry and explicit solution of the integrable Alice-Bob modified Korteweg-de Vries (ABmKdV) equation is discussed, which has been established by the aid of the shifted parity and delayed time reversal to describe two-place events. Based on the Lax pair which contains the two-order partial derivative, the Lie symmetry group method is successfully applied to find the exact invariant solution for the AB-mKdV equation with nonlocal symmetry by introducing one suitable auxiliary variable. Meanwhile, based on the prolonged system, the explicit analytic interaction solutions related to some specific functions are derived. Figures show the physical phenomenon, that is, "the shifted parity and delayed time reversal to describe two-place events".     

低能离子对高温超导YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)薄膜的表面改性和机理

低能氩离子束轰击并后退火处理的离子束表面改性,会影响高温超导薄膜的表面结构和超导特性,但是其中的深刻微观机理不清楚.本文通过连续改变离子束轰击时间,系统研究了离子束表面改性对于超导膜结构和临界电流密度的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、J_(c-scanning)测试表征样品的结构特性和超导特性,并得出内应变、氧空位缺陷等参量.研究表明,经过表面改性的钇钡铜氧(YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ),YBCO)薄膜,随轰击时间增加表面形貌会变得更加均匀致密,a轴晶粒消失,并且临界电流密度有了显著的提高.由化学键收缩配对模型分析得出,临界电流密度的提高与薄膜内应变增大和引发的局部YBCO结构中Cu—O键收缩有关.     

Simplified Scheme for Teleportation of a Multipartite Quantum State Using a Single Entangled Pair

Abstract A simple scheme for teleporting an unknown M-qubit cat-like state is proposed. The steps of this scheme can be summarized simply： disentangle-teleport-reconstruct entanglement. If proper unitary operations and measurements from senders are given, the teleportation of an unknown M-qubit cat-like state can be converted into single qubit teleportation. In the meantime, the receiver should also carry out right unitary operations with the introduction of appropriate ancillary qubits to confirm the successful teleportation of the demanded entangled state. The present scheme can be generalized to teleport an unknown M-quNit state, i.e., an M-quNit state can be teleported by a single quNit entangled pair.