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631.
Hui-Min Li Ongher Kouye Ding-Shan Yang Ya-Qi Zhang Jing-Ya Ruan Li-Feng Han Yi Zhang Tao Wang 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(14)
Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) is a popular fruit all over the world. Owning to its enriched polyphenols, P. granatum has been widely used in treating inflammation-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Twenty polyphenols, containing nine unreported ones, named punicagranins A–I (1–9), along with eleven known isolates (10–20), were obtained from the peels. Their detailed structures were elucidated based on UV, IR, NMR, MS, optical rotation, ECD analyses and chemical evidence. The potential anti-inflammatory activities of all polyphenols were examined on a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory macrophages model, which indicated that enhancing nitric oxide (NO) production in response to inflammation stimulated in RAW 264.7 cells was controlled by compounds 1, 3, 5–8, 10, 11, 14 and 16–20 in a concentration-dependent manner. The investigation of structure–activity relationships for tannins 6–8 and 12–20 suggested that HHDP, flavogallonyl and/or gallagyl were key groups for NO production inhibitory activity. Western blotting indicated that compounds 6–8 could down-regulate the phosphorylation levels of proteins p38 MAPK, IKKα/β, IκBα and NF-κB p65 as well as inhibit the levels of inflammation-related cytokines and mediators, such as IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2, at the concentration of 30 μM. In conclusion, polyphenols are proposed to be the potential anti-inflammatory active ingredients in P. granatum peels, and their molecular mechanism is likely related to the regulation of the p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. 相似文献
632.
质子转移反应质谱的建立与性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
报道了自行研制的质子转移反应质谱的基本结构和性能。利用水蒸气辉光放电产生了反应离子H3O ,以合成空气为反应气体,测量了H3O 与合成空气中的水反应产生的团簇离子H3O (H2O)n的质谱。实验发现,当漂移管电场与分子密度比值为144Td时,增加的离子能量可以阻止团簇离子H3O (H2O)n的形成,质谱观察到的离子主要是H3O ,其纯度可达99%以上,这时H3O 与有机物分子如甲苯的质子转移反应的产物离子也呈单一形式,团簇离子得到很好地抑制。根据离子强度和离子反应时间等参数,获得了PTR-MS目前的检出限为10-8(V/V)。利用PTR-MS对标准浓度甲苯及其稀释气体进行检测,表明PTR-MS在线定量检测准确性良好,线性动态范围跨越3个数量级,能够应用于大气中痕量挥发性有机物的实时在线测量。 相似文献
633.
634.
Christian Graillat Alexandre Santos José Carlos Pinto Timothy F. McKenna 《Macromolecular Symposia》2004,206(1):433-442
This work investigates the feasibility of implementing conductivity measurements for the purpose of the on-line monitoring of particle generation by following the evolution of free surfactant concentration during SDS/styrene emulsion polymerisations. The conductivity and temperature were measured on-line during the reactant addition and reaction stages of a number of batch emulsion polymerisations. Samples were collected for off-line analysis of particle size and conversion. Observation of the evolution of the conductivity enabled us to measure the effect of surfactant and monomer addition. The maximum size of the monomer droplets was calculated from the decrease in conductivity that represented the adsorption of surfactant molecules onto the droplet surface. The division of SDS between the particle interface and the aqueous phase was also determined giving an indication of the particle stability. 相似文献
635.
Marlon M. Reis Pedro H.H. Araújo Claudia Sayer Reinaldo Giudici 《Macromolecular Symposia》2004,206(1):165-178
In this work, Raman and Near InfraRed (NIR) spectroscopies are evaluated for the monitoring of different semicontinuous emulsion homo- and co-polymerization reactions. Important process variables, namely monomer concentrations and average particle sizes, were monitored by both techniques under realistic conditions that would be found in an industrial environment (e.g. low signal/noise ratio, probe placed in the reaction medium). Results suggest that Raman and NIR are suitable for on-line monitoring of emulsion polymerization reactions and that the success of their application is mainly related to representative calibration models used for the estimation of the properties of interest. 相似文献