Adaptive Reservoir Evolutionary Algorithm: An Evolutionary On-Line Adaptation Scheme for Global Function Optimization

This paper introduces a novel global optimization heuristic algorithm based on the basic paradigms of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA). The algorithm greatly extends a previous strategy proposed by the authors in Munteanu and Lazarescu (1998). In the newly designed algorithm the exploration/exploitation of the search space is adapted on-line based on the current features of the landscape that is being searched. The on-line adaptation mechanism involves a decision process as to whether more exploitation or exploration is needed depending on the current progress of the algorithm and on the current estimated potential of discovering better solutions. The convergence with probability 1 in finite time and discrete space is analyzed, as well as an extensive comparison with other evolutionary optimization heuristics is performed on a set of test functions.     

Christoffel-type functions for -orthogonal polynomials for Freud weights

This paper gives upper and lower bounds of the Christoffel-type functions , for the m-orthogonal polynomials for a Freud weight W=e^-Q, which are given as follows. Let a_n=a_n(Q) be the nth Mhaskar–Rahmanov–Saff number, φ_n(x)=max{n^-2/3,1-|x|/a_n}, and d>0. Assume that QC(R) is even, , and for some A,B>1

Then for xR

and for |x|a_n(1+dn^-2/3)

     

Existence and multiplicity of semiclassical solutions for a Schrödinger equation

We establish the existence and multiplicity of solutions for the semiclassical nonlinear Schrödinger equation

     

Rates of -statistical convergence of positive linear operators

In this paper we study the rates of A-statistical convergence of sequences of positive linear operators mapping the weighted space C_ρ1 into the weighted space B_ρ2.     

A New Algorithm for Constrained Matrix Least Squares Approximations

This paper considers the problem of approximating a given symmetric matrix by a symmetric matrix with a prescribed spectrum so that the Frobenius norm of the matrix difference is minimized. By the introduction of a variable search direction, a new convergent algorithm for solving the problem is derived, which is guaranteed to be convergent and is capable of achieving a fast rate of convergence. It is shown that the set of fixed points of the proposed algorithm coincides with the set of equilibrium points of the original double bracket equation. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate superior performance of the proposed algorithm over a standard double bracket algorithm.     

A note on on-line ranking number of graphs

A k-ranking of a graph G = (V, E) is a mapping ϕ: V → {1, 2, ..., k} such that each path with end vertices of the same colour c contains an internal vertex with colour greater than c. The ranking number of a graph G is the smallest positive integer k admitting a k-ranking of G. In the on-line version of the problem, the vertices v ₁, v ², ..., v _n of G arrive one by one in an arbitrary order, and only the edges of the induced graph G[{v ₁, v ₂, ..., v _i }] are known when the colour for the vertex v _i has to be chosen. The on-line ranking number of a graph G is the smallest positive integer k such that there exists an algorithm that produces a k-ranking of G for an arbitrary input sequence of its vertices. We show that there are graphs with arbitrarily large difference and arbitrarily large ratio between the ranking number and the on-line ranking number. We also determine the on-line ranking number of complete n-partite graphs. The question of additivity and heredity is discussed as well.     

Computational Methods for Understanding the Selectivity and Signal Transduction Mechanism of Aminomethyl Tetrahydronaphthalene to Opioid Receptors

Opioid receptors are members of the group of G protein-couple receptors, which have been proven to be effective targets for treating severe pain. The interactions between the opioid receptors and corresponding ligands and the receptor’s activation by different agonists have been among the most important fields in opioid research. In this study, with compound M1, an active metabolite of tramadol, as the clue compound, several aminomethyl tetrahydronaphthalenes were designed, synthesized and assayed upon opioid receptors. With the resultant compounds FW-AII-OH-1 (Ki = 141.2 nM for the κ opioid receptor), FW-AII-OH-2 (Ki = 4.64 nM for the δ opioid receptor), FW-DI-OH-2 (Ki = 8.65 nM for the δ opioid receptor) and FW-DIII-OH-2 (Ki = 228.45 nM for the δ opioid receptor) as probe molecules, the structural determinants responsible for the subtype selectivity and activation mechanisms were further investigated by molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations. It was shown that Y^7.43 was a key residue in determining the selectivity of the three opioid receptors, and W^6.58 was essential for the selectivity of the δ opioid receptor. A detailed stepwise discovered agonist-induced signal transduction mechanism of three opioid receptors by aminomethyl tetrahydronaphthalene compounds was proposed: the 3–7 lock between TM3 and TM7, the DRG lock between TM3 and TM6 and rearrangement of I^3.40, P^5.50 and F^6.44, which resulted in the cooperative movement in 7 TMs. Then, the structural relaxation left room for the binding of the G protein at the intracellular site, and finally the opioid receptors were activated.     

组合式脉冲微型反应评价系统及其在催化剂评价中的应用

介绍了一种可灵活配置不同分析方法、操作便利、评价结果重复性好的组合式脉冲微反色谱评价系统。该装置由微型反应系统、独立控温的连接管线和色谱分析系统三部分组成。微型反应系统采用两段式加热炉和石英玻璃管反应器,有效恒温区间为25~30 mm,催化剂装量为5~300 mg;能够独立控温的连接管线,最高使用温度可达480℃;微型反应系统的载气借用了分析系统进样口的载气系统,可方便地进行载气流量、流速的精确控制以及不同控制模式间的转换。配套开发的微反产物汽油馏分单体烃详细组成和快速模拟蒸馏在线分析方法,前者可以提供微反产物汽油馏分的单体烃数据和相应的物性数据,而后者可同时评价分子筛/催化剂的初活性及活性随累积进样量增加而变化的趋势。     

Mechanism of Action of Flavonoids of Oxytropis falcata on the Alleviation of Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury

Oxytropis falcata Bunge is a plant used in traditional Tibetan medicine, with reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidants effects and alleviation of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). However, the underlying mechanism against MIRI and the phytochemical composition of O. falcata are vague. One fraction named OFF1 with anti-MIRI activity was obtained from O. falcata, and the chemical constituents were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS). The potential targets and signaling pathways involved in the action of O. falcata against MIRI were predicted by network pharmacology analysis, and its molecular mechanism on MIRI was determined by in vitro assays. The results revealed that flavonoids are the dominant constituents of OFF1. A total of 92 flavonoids reported in O. falcata targeted 213 potential MIRI-associated factors, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and the NF-κB signaling pathway. The in vitro assay on H9c2 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury confirmed that the flavonoids in OFF1 reduced myocardial marker levels, apoptotic rate, and the inflammatory response triggered by oxidative stress. Moreover, OFF1 attenuated MIRI by downregulating the ROS-mediated JNK/p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of O. falcata in alleviating MIRI, being a potential therapeutic candidate.     

Temperature oscillation calorimetry by means of a Kalman-like observer: the joint estimation of Qr and UA in a stirred tank polymerization reactor

The present work is concerned with the joint estimation of the rate of heat produced by the emulsion terpolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (Q_r), and the overall heat transfer coefficient (UA) from temperature measurements and reactor heat balance. By making specific assumptions on the dynamics of the parameters UA and Q_r, we designed a Kalman-like observer to carry out the estimation of these two time-varying parameters, without the need for neither additional measurements nor on-line samples. Temperature oscillations are induced in the cooling jacket in order to ensure the observability of the system. One further aspect of our approach is that it only requires the reactor energy balance to perform the estimation.