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51.
D. Nuzillard S. Bourg J.-M. Nuzillard 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》1998,133(2):358-363
The concept of blind source separation is described and examples of its use in 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy are presented. The goal of this data processing method is to extract the spectra of components molecules when only mixtures are available. 相似文献
52.
分离变量法与等腰直角三角形波导的边值问题 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
根据叠加原理,讨论等腰直角三角形波导边值问题的IE波解和TM波解,纠正有关文献中的错误解法,指出分离变量法的适用条件。 相似文献
53.
Further study of the viscoelastic phase separation of cyanate ester modified with poly(ether imide) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Guozhu Zhan Yingfeng Yu Xiaolin Tang Qingsheng Tao Shanjun Li 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2006,44(3):517-523
In this study, the viscoelastic phase separation process was studied further by time‐resolved light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy in the system of poly(ether imide)‐modified bisphenol‐A dicyanate. It was observed that the evolution time of phase structure and relaxation time of diffusion flow of the bisphenol‐A dicyanate were similar with the phase diagram of curing conversion versus content of PEI. The results suggested that the viscoelastic phase separation was affected by the curing conversion of the system at the onset point of phase separation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 517–523, 2006 相似文献
54.
Mathematical Diagnostics (MD) deals with identification problems arising in different practical areas. Some of these problems
can be described by mathematical models where it is required to identify points belonging to two or more sets of points. Most
of the existing tools provide some identification rule (a classifier) by means of which a given point is assigned (attributed)
to one of the given sets. Each classifier can be viewed as a virtual expert. If there exist several classifiers (experts),
the problem of evaluation of experts’ conclusions arises. In the paper for the case of supervised classification the method
of virtual experts (the VE-method) is described. Based on this method, a generalized VE method is proposed where each of the
classifiers can be chosen from a given family of classifiers. As a result, a new optimization problem with a discontinuous
functional is stated. Examples illustrating the proposed approach are provided.
The work of the second author was supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Studies (RFFI) under Grant No 03-01-00668. 相似文献
55.
郭冰 柳卫平 Trinczek M Lapi S Ames F Buckley K R D’Auria J M Jayamanna K Ruiz C Ruth T J 《中国物理 C》2006,30(7):675-679
加拿大TRIUMF实验室利用11C成功验证了一种产生高强度(~108ions/s)放射性束流的方法. 该方法不同于普通在线同位素分离方法, 它利用了13MeV的低能强流质子束, 可以产生一系列核天体物理实验感兴趣的高强度放射性束流. 相似文献
56.
Both homogeneous and asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were prepared by solvent casting. The sorption and permeation behavior of CO2, O2, and N2 using these two kinds of cast PES membranes and commercially available homogeneous PES film was investigated to extract the pressure dependence of gas permeability and the permselectivity for CO2 relative to N2, and to confirm the validity of the working assumption that a skin layer in an asymmetric membrane can be essentially replaced by a thick homogeneous dense membrane. The pressure dependence of the mean permeability coefficient to CO2 in homogeneous membranes obeys the dual-mode mobility model. The ideal separation factor for CO2 relative to N2 at an upstream pressure of 0.5 MPa attains ca. 40, while the permeability to CO2 is about 2.7 Barrer at the same upstream pressure. The same separation factor in asymmetric membranes amounts to 35. The diffusion behavior for the skin layer in an asymmetric membrane with a thin skin layer can be simulated approximately by that in a homogeneous dense membrane. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
57.
K. Najim L. Pibouleau M. V. Le Lann 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1990,64(2):331-347
Optimization techniques are finding increasingly numerous applications in process design, in parallel to the increase of computer sophistication. The process synthesis problem can be stated as a largescale constrained optimization problem involving numerous local optima and presenting a nonlinear and nonconvex character. To solve this kind of problem, the classical optimization methods can lead to analytical and numerical difficulties. This paper describes the feasibility of an optimization technique based on learning systems which can take into consideration all the prior information concerning the process to be optimized and improve their behavior with time. This information generally occurs in a very complex analytical, empirical, or know-how form. Computer simulations related to chemical engineering problems (benzene chlorination, distillation sequence) and numerical examples are presented. The results illustrate both the performance and the implementation simplicity of this method.Nomenclature
c
i
penalty probability
-
cp
precision parameter on constraints
-
D
variation domain of the variablex
-
f(·)
objective function
-
g(·)
constraints
-
i,j
indexes
-
k
iteration number
-
N
number of actions
-
P
probability distribution vector
-
p
i
ith component of the vectorP as iterationk
-
r
number of reactors in the flowsheet
-
u(k)
discrete value or action chosen by the algorithm at iterationk
-
u
i
discrete value of the optimization variable in [u
min,u
max]
-
u
min
lowest value of the optimization variable
-
u
max
largest value of the optimization variable
-
Z
random number
-
x
variable for the criterion function
-
xp
precision parameter on criterion function
-
W(k)
performance index unit output at iterationk
-
0, 1
reinforcement scheme parameters
-
p
sum of the probability distribution vector components 相似文献
58.
R. Horst 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1989,61(1):143-146
This technical comment refers to the discussion of strong consistency of several bounding procedures in Lemma 2.1 and Proposition 2.1 of Ref. 1. A necessary clarification is given of the notion of convergence q in Lemma 2.1, and a derivation of Proposition 2.1 is presented that includes a new and simple consistency proof of the classical bounding by convex envelopes used in many branch-and-bound procedures. 相似文献
59.
Chiral separations by host-guest complexation with cyclodextrin and crown ether in capillary zone electrophoresis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Capillary zone electrophoresis using cyclodextrins and a chiral crown ether as buffer constituents was studied for the enantiomeric separation of drugs and amino acids. Based on results obtained from separation of racemic -amino acids both chiral selectors are compared with respect to resolution, efficiency and retention time. For (±)-Quinagolide effects of buffer composition and temperature are examined using -cyclodextrin as chiral agent. Optimum conditions were pH 2.5 at 30 mmol L–1 -cyclodextrin. A linear dependence of retention on -cyclodextrin concentration allowed calculation of formation constants of the host-guest complexes. Buffer concentration and temperature also influence resolution. The application of a chiral crown ether to the separation of optical isomers in capillary zone electrophoresis is described for the first time. Chiral recognition of solutes depends on the formation of protonated alkyl amines and separation is attributed to the formation of diastereomeric host-guest complexes with different interactions for each enantiomer. The effects of crown ether concentration on resolution are presented. 相似文献
60.
手性配体立体选择性萃取分离扁桃酸对映体 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Based on chiral ligand exchange, the distribution behavior of mandelic acid enantiomers in the two-phase system containing copper ion(Ⅱ)(Cu2+) and N-n-dedecane-L-hydroxyproline (L), was studied. At different pH, the partition of Cu2+ in the two-phase system containing N-n-dedecane-L-hydroxyproline, was investigated. The formation constant of binary cpmplex(Li2Cu) was obtained by regression. The influence of pH, concentrations of Cu2+ and chiral ligand, and solvents on partition coefficients(K) and separation factor(α), was discussed. The experimental results show that Li forms more stable ternary complex with D-mandelic acid than with L- mandelic acid. There is a large influence of pH on K and α. At low pH values (<3.5), formation of binary complexes is thermodynamically unfavourable. K and α are best when pH values are above 3.5 and the molar ratio of chiral ligand to Cu2+ is 2∶1. At the same time, solvents influence K and α very much. 相似文献