Can international environmental cooperation be bought: Comment

Fuentes-Albero and Rubio (2010) analytically examine the effects of the countries’ heterogeneity on the international environmental cooperation. They consider two types of countries having different abatement costs in one case and different environmental damages in another case. Furthermore it is analyzed whether a self-financed transfer system can diminish these heterogeneity effects. The paper shows for both scenarios of asymmetry and no transfers that the maximum level of cooperation consists of three countries of the same type. For the case of heterogeneity in environmental damages, Fuentes-Albero and Rubio conclude that an agreement between one type 1 and one type 2 country is also self-enforcing given that the differences in the damages are not very large. In this comment, the derivation of the last mentioned result is shown to be incorrect by proving that this coalition is not self-enforcing.     

Negotiation and Equilibria in User Competition for Resources: A Dynamic Plot Approach

We consider a scenario where two users are competing for substitutable facilities and where the costs to a user for using a facility depend on its usage as well as the usage by the other user. This results in a nonlinear dynamic game the solution of which implies an allocation that satisfies both users. Games with four different types of solution spaces are presented where the equilibria and the process to reach a negotiated compromise solution have different characterizations. Nash equilibria and nondominated points are discussed in this context and an interactive graphical dynamic plot approach is presented for obtaining negotiated solutions in such nonlinear dynamic games.     

MADCE中的多Agent协作策略研究

描述Agent间的交互关系,提出了一种基于域的多Agent协作策略.该策略限定信息传播和共享的范围,实现Agent间负载的动态调整,它遵循就近原则,在局部范围内寻找最优的合作者,协作完成子计划,从而平衡负载,降低开销,扩大分布式计算环境的处理能力.为MADCE提供了一种有效的协作策略,并给出了算法描述、评价及例示.     

机动车协商模型与分岔特性研究

在环行交叉路口交通流中, 由于行驶目的的不同存在三种类型冲突. 为了真实模拟人类的自治性和智能性, 先将机动车建立为一个含有驾驶员模型的智能体, 再耦合环行交叉口的元胞自动机模型组成多智能体系统. 在总结每种类型交通冲突特点和规律的基础上, 提出通过优先级策略和动态协商机制消解机动车智能体相互之间的冲突问题. 以某中小城市城的典型环行交叉路口交通流量为样本数据, 对比验证模型的正确性, 并且进一步研究了交通流的分岔特性, 发现一定条件下流量的周期分岔和混沌现象. 数值模拟结果表明, 所建模型符合实际情况, 并且内环发生冲突越严重车流量越低, 随着机动车属性参数k和p的变化, 系统从稳定走向分岔再到混沌. 关键词： 多智能体 元胞自动机 协商 分岔     

多Agent自动谈判情感决策模型研究

在基于多Agent的自动谈判中,谈判Agent往往采取一个相对固定的策略,使得Agent对动态变化的谈判环境缺乏适应性。根据情感理论的研究成果,本文提出建立情感决策模型来提高Agent的智能程度和适应性。在对谈判Agent情感决策过程进行分析后,建立了一般情况下的情感产生模型和决策模型,并通过在单属性自动谈判环境下,运用具体的情感决策模型和实际数据进行试验,实证了数据模型的有效性。本文的研究成果,可以应用到各种形式的基于多Agent的自动谈判中。     

An Experimental Assessment of Coleman's Linear System of Action for Supporting Policy Negotiations

We report on an experimental assessment of the applicability of Coleman's Linear System of Action (LSA) to policy negotiations. In LSA, policy negotiations are modeled as exchange of control over issues. LSA allows one to compute the equilibrium control distribution for a group of decision makers, based on their distributions of preferences for, and control over, the issues at stake. The LSA theory, however, does not address the process of how the decision makers should exchange control over the issues to arrive at the equilibrium control. We test in an experimental setting partial and full LSA-based support vs. no support, for three different social structures among the decision makers engaging in repeated bilateral negotiation rounds. The results of the laboratory experiment indicate that the level of LSA support affects the negotiation process and the efficiency of reaching the equilibrium, while the influence of the decision makers' social structure is less clear. These results suggest that Coleman's LSA concept can be employed to support policy negotiations in a practical setting.     

一种基于 Agent 劝说分类的让步模型及实现

随着电子商务的迅速发展以及Agent理论和方法的引入,出现了关于Agent自动谈判等方面的研究。 A-gent劝说由于能节约商务谈判成本,提高商务谈判效率,使谈判过程更加理性,解决谈判中出现的许多问题,受到了广泛的关注。本文结合人际劝说理论,对Agent劝说进行了分类;结合形式化理论,构建了相应的形式化表述模型和交互机制;然后将两者相结合,在让步影响幅度的基础上,构建了基于Agent劝说分类的让步模型;最后,通过算例和系统实现对模型的可行性、有效性进行了验证。     

Web服务环境下基于信息协商的组合服务多属性选择方法

Web服务环境下,通过对QoS感知服务选择问题及信息协商流程的形式化描述分析,从信息协商的重复考虑用户需求特点出发,提出了基于信息协商的组合服务选择方法及具体实现途径。该方法能综合体现动态协商和犹豫度特点,并且有效避免了评价信息的丢失。最后,通过实例分析表明该方法对于Web服务环境下组合服务选择应用的可行性和有效性。     

竞争与合作并存下的协同谈判模型研究

本文对供应链上核心企业与多个上、下游企业同时谈判进行了研究。针对多个上游企业存在竞争的条件下,本文提出了完备供应链的概念并设计了完备供应链搜索算法。进一步,建立了供应链上企业间协同谈判模型,对每条完备供应链分别进行谈判求解,并根据核心企业利益和供应链离差绝对值和比较分析各完备供应链谈判结果,选择能使核心企业和整个供应链利益最大化的谈判方案。通过研制原型系统对协同谈判进行实验,证实了本文提出的协同谈判模型和域传播算法的正确性。本文提出的协同谈判模型,可以优化资源配置,使供应链上的企业达到共赢,提高谈判的效率。