全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6176篇 |
免费 | 644篇 |
国内免费 | 593篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3832篇 |
晶体学 | 36篇 |
力学 | 207篇 |
综合类 | 72篇 |
数学 | 2149篇 |
物理学 | 1117篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 64篇 |
2021年 | 93篇 |
2020年 | 156篇 |
2019年 | 160篇 |
2018年 | 160篇 |
2017年 | 214篇 |
2016年 | 181篇 |
2015年 | 199篇 |
2014年 | 279篇 |
2013年 | 951篇 |
2012年 | 266篇 |
2011年 | 297篇 |
2010年 | 254篇 |
2009年 | 315篇 |
2008年 | 335篇 |
2007年 | 352篇 |
2006年 | 343篇 |
2005年 | 287篇 |
2004年 | 272篇 |
2003年 | 249篇 |
2002年 | 849篇 |
2001年 | 174篇 |
2000年 | 180篇 |
1999年 | 115篇 |
1998年 | 140篇 |
1997年 | 76篇 |
1996年 | 85篇 |
1995年 | 74篇 |
1994年 | 58篇 |
1993年 | 36篇 |
1992年 | 28篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1936年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7413条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
本文证明了:(1)Exchange环R的K0群的正向凸子群格同构于R的稳定余有限半本原理想格;(2)稳定有限、半本原的exchange环R是单的当且仅当它是K0-单的并且满足逼近弱s^*—可比性,推广了Goodearl,Ara等人的结果。 相似文献
32.
Ke Sha Dongshuang Li Yapeng Li Xiaotian Liu Shuwei Wang Jingqi Guan Jingyuan Wang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(22):5037-5049
Amphiphilic diblock copolymer polycaprolactone‐block‐poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PCL‐b‐PGMA) was synthesized via enzymatic ring‐opening polymerization (eROP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Methanol first initiated eROP of ?‐caprolactone (?‐CL) in the presence of biocatalyst Novozyme‐435 under anhydrous conditions. The resulting monohydroxyl‐terminated polycaprolactone (PCL–OH) was subsequently converted to a bromine‐ended macroinitiator (PCL–Br) for ATRP by esterification with α‐bromopropionyl bromide. PCL‐b‐PGMA diblock copolymers were synthesized in a subsequent ATRP of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). A kinetic analysis of ATRP indicated a living/controlled radical process. The macromolecular structures were characterized for PCL–OH, PCL–Br, and the block copolymers by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and infrared spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction analyses indicated that the copolymer composition (?‐CL/GMA) had a great influence on the thermal properties. The well‐defined, amphiphilic diblock copolymer PCL‐b‐PGMA self‐assembled into nanoscale micelles in aqueous solutions, as investigated by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5037–5049, 2007 相似文献
33.
Yozo Miura Hiroyuki Dote Hiroyuki Kubonishi Kenichi Fukuda Tomoko Saka 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(6):1159-1169
A dendritic macroinitiator having 16 TEMPO‐based alkoxyamines, Star‐16 , was prepared by the reaction of a dendritic macroinitiator having eight TEMPO‐based alkoxyamines, [G‐3]‐OH , with 4,4′‐bis(chlorocarbonyl)biphenyl. The nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization (NMRP) of styrene (St) from Star‐16 gave 16‐arm star polymers with PDI of 1.19–1.47, and NMPR of 4‐vinylpyridine from the 16‐arm star polymer gave 16‐arm star diblock copolymers with PDI of 1.30–1.43. The ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone from [G‐3]‐OH and the subsequent NMRP of St gave AB8 9‐miktoarm star copolymers with PDI of 1.30–1.38. The benzyl ether linkages of the 16‐arm star polymers and the AB8 9‐miktoarm star copolymers were cleaved by treating with Me3SiI, and the resultant poly(St) arms were investigated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The SEC results showed PDIs of 1.23–1.28 and 1.18–1.22 for the star polymers and miktoarm stars copolymers, respectively, showing that they have well‐controlled poly(St) arms. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1159–1169, 2007. 相似文献
34.
Hisatoyo Morinaga Bungo Ochiai Hideharu Mori Takeshi Endo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(5):736-744
Natural human hair was successfully modified by the graft polymerization of trimethylene carbonate, β‐propiolactone, ε‐caprolactone, glycidol, ε‐caprolactam, and 5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane‐2‐thione. In contrast, we could not modify natural human hair by the graft polymerization of oxetane under similar conditions. The model reaction suggested that the main initiating species in these polymerizations were the amino, thiol, and hydroxyl groups in hair, which could induce ring‐opening polymerization. Among the tested monomers, β‐propiolactone was most effective for hair modification with its graft polymer, whose concentration was as high as 0.5 g/g of hair though polymerization under mild conditions. The effects of the hair pretreatment and polymerization temperature on the weight ratio of the grafted polymers were also investigated. Hair modified by grafted polymers was characterized with scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared measurements. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 736–744, 2007 相似文献
35.
Let R be a ring with identity,and R-fil denote the set of all left topolo-gizing filters on R.In this paper,we give a sufficient condition for the commutativityof R-fil under the hypothesis of left Noetherianness,as well as some examples. 相似文献
36.
37.
38.
为改进Fuzzy HX环的结果,使之包含Fuzzy商环,提出了弱Fuzzy HX环的概念,研究了它的性质与结构,并重新讨论了拟Fuzzy商环,证明了在正则条件下拟Fuzzy商环与弱Fuzzy HX环的统一性:同时也得到了一致弱Fuzzy HX环与普通Fuzzy商环的关系。 相似文献
39.
Mathematical Notes - 相似文献
40.
Sungjae In Jongmin Kang 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2006,54(1-2):129-132
Methylene-bridged bis-imidazolium receptor 1 has been synthesized. Anion binding studies carried out using 1H NMR revealed that this compound displayed good affinities for acetate, while binding spherical halide anions weakly. 相似文献