全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13581篇 |
免费 | 2010篇 |
国内免费 | 922篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2772篇 |
晶体学 | 84篇 |
力学 | 1145篇 |
综合类 | 213篇 |
数学 | 7371篇 |
物理学 | 4928篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 14篇 |
2023年 | 131篇 |
2022年 | 296篇 |
2021年 | 350篇 |
2020年 | 373篇 |
2019年 | 416篇 |
2018年 | 382篇 |
2017年 | 499篇 |
2016年 | 541篇 |
2015年 | 431篇 |
2014年 | 623篇 |
2013年 | 1241篇 |
2012年 | 731篇 |
2011年 | 817篇 |
2010年 | 727篇 |
2009年 | 803篇 |
2008年 | 877篇 |
2007年 | 827篇 |
2006年 | 734篇 |
2005年 | 648篇 |
2004年 | 538篇 |
2003年 | 591篇 |
2002年 | 524篇 |
2001年 | 423篇 |
2000年 | 398篇 |
1999年 | 369篇 |
1998年 | 316篇 |
1997年 | 317篇 |
1996年 | 237篇 |
1995年 | 185篇 |
1994年 | 136篇 |
1993年 | 109篇 |
1992年 | 95篇 |
1991年 | 79篇 |
1990年 | 79篇 |
1989年 | 70篇 |
1988年 | 67篇 |
1987年 | 61篇 |
1986年 | 54篇 |
1985年 | 81篇 |
1984年 | 58篇 |
1983年 | 31篇 |
1982年 | 44篇 |
1981年 | 35篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Carl M. Bender 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》2004,54(1):13-28
The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and the time evolution of a quantum theory. It is an axiom of quantum mechanics that H be Hermitian. The Hermiticity of H guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that the time evolution is unitary (probability preserving). In this talk we investigate an alternative formulation of quantum mechanics in which the mathematical requirement of Hermiticity is replaced by the more physically transparent condition of space-time reflection (PT) symmetry. We show that if the PT symmetry of a Hamiltonian H is not broken, then the spectrum of H is real. Examples of PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians are H=p
2+ix
3 and H=p
2-x
4. The crucial question is whether PT-symmetric Hamiltonians specify physically acceptable quantum theories in which the norms of states are positive and the time evolution is unitary. The answer is that a Hamiltonian that has an unbroken PT symmetry also possesses a physical symmetry that we call C. Using C, we show how to construct an inner product whose associated norm is positive definite. The result is a new class of fully consistent complex quantum theories. Observables exhibit CPT symmetry, probabilities are positive, and the dynamics is governed by unitary time evolution. 相似文献
42.
This work is devoted to near-optimal controls of large-scale discrete-time nonlinear dynamic systems driven by Markov chains; the underlying problem is to minimize an expected cost function. Our main goal is to reduce the complexity of the underlying systems. To achieve this goal, discrete-time control models under singularly-perturbed Markov chains are introduced. Using a relaxed control representation, our effort is devoted to finding near-optimal controls. Lumping the states in each irreducible class into a single state gives rise to a limit system. Applying near-optimal controls of the limit system to the original system, near-optimal controls of the original system are derived. 相似文献
43.
吴臻 《数学物理学报(B辑英文版)》2004,24(1):91-99
The existence and uniqueness results of fully coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations with stopping time (unbounded) is obtained. One kind of comparison theorem for this kind of equations is also proved. 相似文献
44.
In this paper, we suggest and analyze a new two-step predictor–corrector type iterative method free from second derivatives for solving nonlinear equations of the type f(x)=0. This new method includes the two-step Newton method as a special case. We prove that the new iterative method is of fourth-order. Several examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of this new method and its comparison with other iterative methods. This method can be considered as a significant improvement of the Newton method and its variant forms. 相似文献
45.
Piotr Biler 《Reports on Mathematical Physics》2003,52(2):205-225
We study asymptotic properties of solutions to an extension to arbitrary dimensions of the astrophysical model proposed by Chavanis et al. to explain phenomena of gravitational collapse in clouds of self-gravitating particles. In particular, we show that in the two-dimensional case the solutions can be continued to global ones, while in three space dimensions large data of negative energy blow up in a finite time. Relations between isothermal, Streater's energy-transport and the present models are also studied. 相似文献
46.
Lubomír Kubáček 《Mathematica Slovaca》2007,57(6):571-588
The multivariate model, where not only parameters of the mean value of the observation matrix, but also some other parameters
occur in constraints, is considered in the paper. Some basic inference is presented under the condition that the covariance
matrix is either unknown, or partially unknown, or known.
Supported by the grant of the Council of Czech Republic MSM 6 198 959 214. 相似文献
47.
48.
Tsuyoshi Katayama 《Queueing Systems》1992,11(3):299-306
This paper derives a conservation law for mean waiting times in a single-server multi-class service queueing system (M
X/G/1 type queue) with setup times which may be dependent on multiple customer classes and its arrival batch size by using the work decomposition property in the queueing system with vacations. 相似文献
49.
基于Lee等人的离子温度梯度模导致的反常热能输运系数,本文研究了辅助加热托卡马克等离子体的能量约束行为,并对自举电流的效应作了初步考虑。结果表明,计算得到的能量约束时间随等离子体电流I_p和托卡马克大半径R增大而增长,随注入功率P_t、环向场B_t以及等离子体小半径α的增大而缩短。这些结果与Kaye-Goldston的经验约束定标具有相同的趋势。自举电流的存在总是导致能量约束时间的增加,当自举电流与总电流的比值γ较小时,能量约束时间的增加率约为γ/2。此外,自举电流将造成锯齿反转半径的减小。 相似文献
50.
Charlotte Doussier Philippe Léone Alain Meerschaut 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2007,180(8):2323-2334
The new oxy-chloro-sulfide (Mn1−xPbx)Pb10+ySb12−yS26−yCl4+yO (x ∈ [0.2-0.3]; y ∈ [0.3-1.6]) was synthesized by dry way at 500-600 °C. A single crystal ∼Mn0.7Pb11.0Sb11.3S25.3Cl4.7O indicates a monoclinic symmetry, space group C2/m, with a = 37.480(8), b = 4.1178(8), c = 18.167(4) Å, β = 106.37(3)°, V = 2690.2(9) Å3, Z = 2. Its crystal structure was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction, with a final R = 5.11%. Modular analysis of the crystal structure reveals a “waffle” architecture, where complex rods with lozenge section delimitate an internal channel filled by a single chain of (Mn0.7Pb0.3)Cl6 octahedra connected by opposite edges. Minimal inter-chain distances are close to 18 Å. The rod wall, two-atom thick, presents, in alternation with S atoms, Pb or (Pb,Sb) cations with prismatic coordination in the internal atom layer, while the external atom layer is constituted exclusively by Sb cations with dissymmetric square pyramidal coordination. A (Pb,Sb)2S2 fragment connects two successive rods along (2 0 1) to form a waffle-type palissadic layer. The unique O position, half filled, presents the same environment than the isolated O positions in the oxy-sulfide Pb14Sb30S54O5, or oxy-chloro-sulfides Pb18Sb20S46Cl2O and (Cu,Ag)2Pb21Sb23S55ClO. This compound belongs to a pseudo-homologous series of chalcogenides with waffle structure, ordered according to the size of their lozenge shape channel. Such a complex senary compound of the oxy-chloro-sulfide type illustrates the structural competition between three cations, on one hand, and, on the other hand, three anions. This compound is of special interest regarding the 1D distribution of magnetic Mn2+ atoms at the ∼2 nm scale. 相似文献