首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   4411篇
  免费   476篇
  国内免费   621篇
化学   1711篇
晶体学   36篇
力学   478篇
综合类   85篇
数学   2615篇
物理学   583篇
  2024年   9篇
  2023年   31篇
  2022年   63篇
  2021年   74篇
  2020年   101篇
  2019年   103篇
  2018年   112篇
  2017年   159篇
  2016年   144篇
  2015年   127篇
  2014年   220篇
  2013年   368篇
  2012年   248篇
  2011年   249篇
  2010年   200篇
  2009年   247篇
  2008年   249篇
  2007年   271篇
  2006年   230篇
  2005年   233篇
  2004年   229篇
  2003年   225篇
  2002年   195篇
  2001年   150篇
  2000年   153篇
  1999年   169篇
  1998年   136篇
  1997年   136篇
  1996年   85篇
  1995年   75篇
  1994年   75篇
  1993年   50篇
  1992年   52篇
  1991年   45篇
  1990年   38篇
  1989年   19篇
  1988年   23篇
  1987年   23篇
  1986年   29篇
  1985年   18篇
  1984年   19篇
  1983年   11篇
  1982年   19篇
  1981年   16篇
  1980年   10篇
  1979年   19篇
  1978年   14篇
  1977年   16篇
  1976年   5篇
  1972年   4篇
排序方式: 共有5508条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
We introduce the concept of partially strictly monotone functions and apply it to construct a class of nonlinear penalty functions for a constrained optimization problem. This class of nonlinear penalty functions includes some (nonlinear) penalty functions currently used in the literature as special cases. Assuming that the perturbation function is lower semi-continuous, we prove that the sequence of optimal values of nonlinear penalty problems converges to that of the original constrained optimization problem. First-order and second-order necessary optimality conditions of nonlinear penalty problems are derived by converting the optimality of penalty problems into that of a smooth constrained vector optimization problem. This approach allows for a concise derivation of optimality conditions of nonlinear penalty problems. Finally, we prove that each limit point of the second-order stationary points of the nonlinear penalty problems is a second-order stationary point of the original constrained optimization problem.  相似文献   
52.
Some results are obtained for non-compact cases in topological vector spaces for the existence problem of solutions for some set-valued variational inequalities with quasi-monotone and lower hemi-continuous operators, and with quasi-semi-monotone and upper hemi-continuous operators. Some applications are given in non-reflexive Banach spaces for these existence problems of solutions and for perturbation problems for these set-valued variational inequalities with quasi-monotone and quasi-semi-monotone operators. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   
53.
多周期公用工程系统运行的模型,优化方法与应用   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
针对多周期公用工程系统的运行优化问题,考虑了设备的启停费用的情况下。建立了混合整数非线性规划模型并证明了最优解的存在性。针对该运行优化问题本将其分解成若干子问题,然后利用改进的Hooke-Jeeves优化算法求解每个子问题。应用于具体实例,其数值结果与其它方法得到的相比。运行时间短,且更适合多周期公用工程问题的求解。  相似文献   
54.
We provide a new and short proof for Rockafellar's characterization of maximal monotone operators in reflexive Banach spaces based on S. Fitzpatrick's function and a technique used by R. S. Burachik and B. F. Svaiter for proving their result on the representation of a maximal monotone operator by convex functions.

  相似文献   

55.
A Hybrid Approach to Scheduling with Earliness and Tardiness Costs   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
A hybrid technique using constraint programming and linear programming is applied to the problem of scheduling with earliness and tardiness costs. The linear model maintains a set of relaxed optimal start times which are used to guide the constraint programming search heuristic. In addition, the constraint programming problem model employs the strong constraint propagation techniques responsible for many of the advances in constraint programming for scheduling in the past few years. Empirical results validate our approach and show, in particular, that creating and solving a subproblem containing only the activities with direct impact on the cost function and then using this solution in the main search, significantly increases the number of problems that can be solved to optimality while significantly decreasing the search time.  相似文献   
56.
研究了Banach空间中拟-似变分包含解的存在与逼近问题.给出了一种寻求解的新的迭代算法,建立了具混合误差的Ishikawa型迭代序列强收敛到解的充要条件.所得结果推广了一些相关的结果.  相似文献   
57.
We consider a class of non-linear mixed integer programs with n integer variables and k continuous variables. Solving instances from this class to optimality is an NP-hard problem. We show that for the cases with k=1 and k=2, every optimal solution is integral. In contrast to this, for every k≥3 there exist instances where every optimal solution takes non-integral values. Received: August 2001 / Accepted: January 2002?Published online March 27, 2002  相似文献   
58.
The V^t-integral as defined in[2], which is eqnivalent to M^2-integrsl as defined in Trigonometre series by Zygmund is used to sum trigonometric seies in[1]. In this paper, some convergent theorems of V^2-integral are established.  相似文献   
59.
In some situations estimates of unknown parameters must be corrected by additional measurements. It is in principle no problem to calculate the corrected estimates, however, it is of more interest to find formulae for correction itself. The formulae enable us to design an additional experiment and to judge its usefulness. The aim of the paper is to find such formulae for several situations. Supported by the grant of the Council of Czech Government MSM 6 198 959 214.  相似文献   
60.
回归系数的混合估计与最小二乘估计的一个新的相对效率   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对具有附加信息的线性回归模型中的混合估计与最小二乘估计给出了一种新的相对效率,研究了新的相对效率与其它几种相对效率的关系,得出了新的相对效率的上、下界.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号