On superconductivity and superfluidity (what I have and have not managed to do), as well as on the 'physical minimum' at the beginning of the 21 st century.

The question of thermeolectric effects in superconductors is still a particular problem, which evidently emerges only in the presence of a temperature gradient. The well-known Londons theory yielded much, and is widley employed under certain conditions even nowadays, but is absolutely insufficient and has to be generalized. This problem was solved in the psi-theory of superconductivity by V.L. Ginzburg and L.D. Landau. Together they developed a phenomenological theory of superconductivity in the late 1940s. This theory proposes that those electrons that contribute to superconduction form a superfluid. The superconductor is described by a complex function psi called the order parameter, and /psi/ indicates the fraction of electrons that has condensed into a superfluid. In his Nobel lecture V. L. Ginzburg also gives a 'list' of top problems in contemporary physics. Acquaintance with all subjects included in this 'list' is what he calls the 'physical minimum'.     

基于研究性学习的高校“化学史”课程改革与实践

基于研究性学习的理念,以化学专业本科生专业拓展课程“化学史”为研究对象,通过教师专题讲座、学生课堂演讲和课堂剧演出等形式进行了课程改革。实践结果表明,在检索化学史和化学各学科相关文献、确立话题、编制演讲稿或演出剧本、排练并进行演讲或演出的过程中,学生较好地体验了学科知识主动内化的过程,掌握了研究性学习的方法,培养了语言表达能力和团队协作能力,陶冶了科学情操并体会了科学品质和科学精神,有效提高了“化学史”课堂的学习兴趣和主动性。