提高基于机器视觉的心率测量精度的方法

基于摄像头(可见光)的心率测量方法,能够以非接触的方式检测受试者心率,无论在临床应用还是在家庭健康监护中都有着极大的应用前景。但是,CMOS摄像头的行扫描方式采集图像以及计算机系统的图像采集时钟抖动都会影响此类心率测量的精度,从而引入相位误差和系统随机误差。本文针对这两大主要误差进行研究分析,提出了消除相位误差的基于傅里叶变换的幅频叠加算法、消除图像采集系统时钟抖动误差的基于时间标定的三次样条插值重构方法。幅频叠加算法只在幅频域对信号进行处理,能够忽略信号的相位影响,从而消除相位误差。时间标定的三次样条重构算法能够重构图像的均匀采集,从而消除系统时钟抖动引起的随机误差。同时,通过理论推导论证了两种算法的可行性,进而利用LED模拟实验和实际心率测量实验验证该算法在提高信号检测精密度中的特性。在模拟实验中,对每帧图像的200行作幅频叠加运算,能够使信号幅值相对提升4.58%;基于时间标定的三次样条重构算法能使检测的信号频率的均方根误差缩小30%以上;在实际心率检测中,幅频叠加算法可使心率幅值相对提升达33.5%,基于时间标定的三次样条重构算法可使心率准确度提升40%左右。因此,模拟实验和实际心率测量实验均验证了提出的算法在提高系统检测精度上的有效性,提高了基于机器视觉心率测量的抗干扰能力。这两种算法不仅能够提高基于机器视觉的心率检测精度,而且能够适用于基于机器视觉对一定频率信号的检测,在机器视觉检测中具有广泛的意义。     

Synthesis and properties of α-substituted benzylpyridinium salts as cationic initiators

α-Methylbenzylpyridinium SbF₆ (1a) and α,α-dimethylbenzylpyridinium SbF₆ (1b) were prepared and the effect of α-methyl groups on the active species and the activity of 1a, 1b during the cationic polymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) was evaluated. 1b was prepared by the reaction of α,α-dimethylbenzyl alcohol with pyridinium hexafluoroantimonate (2) in several solvents, and the yield depended on the dipole moment of the solvents, although it was poor for the reaction of α,α-dimethylbenzyl chloride with pyridine for the steric hindrance of the α-methyl groups followed by exchange with NaSbF₆. Both 1a and 1b acted as a latent thermal initiator during the cationic polymerization of GPE and 1b showed higher activity during cationic polymerization with the higher steric effect of the α-methyl groups than 1a. The ¹H-NMR analysis of the obtained poly GPE indicated that the active species of 1b changed from the benzyl cation to H⁺, depending on the reaction temperature, although 1a released benzyl cations as active species in the cationic polymerization of GPE. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

具有旋转连接功能的双层光互连网络设计

在设计的双层光互连网络中,上层网络是星型连接,依靠数字路由结点进行通信.单通道最大传输速率为1.4 Gbps,数字路由结点吞吐率大于10 Gbps,底层为网络接口卡和结点机连成的环形网,峰值传输速率为1.056 Gbps.在底层网络中个别结点机与传感器之间配置有光纤旋转连接器,可传输动态数据.经计算,环网内最大通信延迟时间小于5.292 μs,互连网络的平均通信延迟时间为11.03 μs,环形网络的最大数据传输带宽为50 Mbit/s.     

Broadcast Approach to Uplink NOMA: Queuing Delay Analysis

Emerging wireless technologies are envisioned to support a variety of applications that require simultaneously maintaining low latency and high reliability. Non-orthogonal multiple access techniques constitute one candidate for grant-free transmission alleviating the signaling requirements for uplink transmissions. In open-loop transmissions over fading channels, in which the transmitters do not have access to the channel state information, the existing approaches are prone to facing frequent outage events. Such outage events lead to repeated re-transmissions of the duplicate information packets, penalizing the latency. This paper proposes a multi-access broadcast approach in which each user splits its information stream into several information layers, each adapted to one possible channel state. This approach facilitates preventing outage events and improves the overall transmission latency. Based on the proposed approach, the average queuing delay of each user is analyzed for different arrival processes at each transmitter. First, for deterministic arrivals, closed-form lower and upper bounds on the average delay are characterized analytically. Secondly, for Poisson arrivals, a closed-form expression for the average delay is delineated using the Pollaczek-Khinchin formula. Based on the established bounds, the proposed approach achieves less average delay than single-layer outage approaches. Under optimal power allocation among the encoded layers, numerical evaluations demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly minimizes average sum delays compared to traditional outage approaches, especially under high arrival rates.     

Experimental Verification on a Slicing Management Based on the mPlane Monitoring Plane with GPON Comparison

ABSTRACT

We experimentally verify a slicing approach, operating in a PBB-TE core and PON access architecture, based on the mPlane measurement plane, also adopted to manage slicing instances. The key element of this paper is the proposal and the implementation of the Slicing End Point (SEP), that is the client element to set up the slice path, and, at the same time, it allows us to monitor the network performance. The slices are based on VLAN/MPLS/PBB-TE logical paths and they can be managed for the implementation of different class of services. The whole SDN mPlane architecture allows us manage the slices also with restoration procedures. Furthermore, the tests on latency confirm the advantages of the NG-PON2 accesses for 5G backhauling also in this slicing configuration.     

GPGPU for orbital function evaluation with a new updating scheme

We have accelerated an ab initio quantum Monte Carlo electronic structure calculation using general purpose computing on graphical processing units (GPGPU). The part of the code causing the bottleneck for extended systems is replaced by Compute Unified Device Architecture‐GPGPU subroutine kernels which build up spline basis set expansions of electronic orbital functions at each Monte Carlo step. We have achieved a speedup of a factor of 30 for the bottleneck for a simulation of solid TiO₂ with 1536 electrons. To improve the performance with GPGPU we propose a new updating scheme for Monte Carlo sampling, quasi‐simultaneous updating, which is intermediate between configuration‐by‐configuration updating and the widely used particle‐by‐particle updating. The error in the energy due to by the single precision treatment and the new updating scheme is found to be within the required accuracy of ～10^?3 hartree per primitive cell. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

An effective hybrid V2V/V2I transmission latency method based on LSTM neural network

We propose an effective hybrid vehicle-to-vehicle/vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2V/V2I) transmission latency method based on a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to address transmission latency in the internet of vehicles. First, a traffic model is established, and the LSTM artificial neural network is used to predict the vehicle arrival rate in the road section. Second, the vehicle arrival rate function is used to construct an objective function, i.e., the problem of minimizing system transmission the overall latency. The hybrid V2V/V2I transmission method determines the communication transmission mode of the vehicles to minimize transmission latency. The simulation results show that the overall transmission latency is substantially lower for the hybrid V2V/V2I transmission method than the pure V2I transmission method with the transmission packet size and vehicle speed varying.