Pairwise Correlations in a Multicomponent Anisotropic Liquid

We investigate a multicomponent anisotropic liquid system. The first spatial moment of the direct correlation function is taken into account to obtain asymptotic expressions for the pairwise correlation functions. In this approximation, we obtain the pairwise correlation functions that describe the system behavior not only in the critical-state neighborhood but also in the noncritical domain. We show that the critical parameters for the anisotropic system differ from those for the isotropic system.     

Homogeneity and Canonical Connections of Isoparametric Manifolds

On every isoparametric submanifold M a connection with parallel second fundamental form is constructed geometrically such that M is an orbit of an s-representation if and only if the connection is a canonical one. If the rank of M is greater than one this connection is in case of homogeneity the canonical connection of the reductive decomposition given by the orbit of s-representation. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The Mathematical Theory of Ito Diffusions on Hypersurfaces, with Applications to NMR Relaxation Problems

A mathematical framework for translational Brownian motion on hypersurfaces is presented, using an imbedding of the surface and Ito diffusions in the ambient space. This includes a survey of Ito calculus and differential geometry. Computational methods for time correlation functions relevant to spin relaxation studies on curved interfaces are given, and explicit calculations of time correlation functions and order parameters for a Rippled surface are presented.     

Phenomenology of nonlocal cellular automata

Dynamical systems with nonlocal connections have potential applications to economic and biological systems. This paper studies the dynamics of nonlocal cellular automata. In particular, all two-state, three-input nonlocal cellular automata are classified according to the dynamical behavior starting from random initial configurations and random wirings, although it is observed that sometimes a rule can have different dynamical behaviors with different wirings. The nonlocal cellular automata rule space is studied using a mean-field parametrization which is ideal for the situation of random wiring. Nonlocal cellular automata can be considered as computers carrying out computation at the level of each component. Their computational abilities are studied from the point of view of whether they contain many basic logical gates. In particular, I ask the question of whether a three-input cellular automaton rule contains the three fundamental logical gates: two-input rules AND and OR, and one-input rule NOT. A particularly interesting edge-of-chaos nonlocal cellular automaton, the rule 184, is studied in detail. It is a system of coupled selectors or multiplexers. It is also part of the Fredkin's gate—a proposed fundamental gate for conservative computations. This rule exhibits irregular fluctuations of density, large coherent structures, and long transient times.     

等参函数及相关问题研究

著名的Yau 猜想断言单位球面中的紧致嵌入极小超曲面的Laplace 算子的第一特征值等于其维数. 近年来有许多几何学家致力于对Yau 猜想的研究, 但是到目前为止, 已有的结论只是一些关于第一特征值估计的不等式. 作为本文的一个主要结果, 本文证明了对于单位球面中的等参极小超曲面,Yau 猜想是正确的. 进一步地, 对于等参超曲面的焦流形(实际上是球面的极小子流形), 本文还证明了在一定维数条件下, 它的第一特征值也是其维数.
作为本文的第二个主要结果, 以著名的Schoen-Yau-Gromov-Lawson 的关于数量曲率的手术理论为出发点, 本文在一个Riemann 流形的嵌入超曲面处作手术, 构造了一个新的具有丰富几何性质的流形, 称为double 流形. 特别地, 本文在单位球面的极小等参超曲面处实行了这一手术, 发现得到的double 流形不仅有很复杂的拓扑(但其示性类有精确描述), 还存在数量曲率为正的度量, 更重要的是保持了等参叶状结构.
比Willmore 曲面更广泛的定义是Willmore 子流形, 即Willmore 泛函在球面中的的极值子流形.单位球面中的Willmore 子流形的例子在已有文献中是非常罕见的. 作为本文的另外两个主要结果, 通过深入挖掘单位球面上的OT-FKM- 型等参函数的焦流形的性质, 本文发现其极大值对应的焦流形是单位球面的一系列Willmore 子流形; 之后, 本文用几何办法统一证明了单位球面中具有4 个不同主曲率的等参超曲面的焦流形都是单位球面的Willmore 子流形. 这些新的Willmore 子流形是极小的,但一般不是Einstein 的.     

Isometric Deformations of Compact Hypersurfaces

In 1955 N. Kuiper and J. Nash proved that given a C embeddingF of a C Riemannian n -manifold (M,g) in E ⁿ⁺¹ which is short in the sense that the metric induced by F is less thang, there is a C ¹ isometric embedding which is arbitrarily C ⁰-close to F. We extend the Nash--Kuiper result for compact M to the case of deformations. In other words, we prove that given a continuous family of short C embeddings ( ) of a compact Riemannian n-manifold M , there is an isometric deformation through C ¹ embeddings which is C ⁰ -close to F. With more assumptions which are typically met in practice, this result is shown to hold in the more difficult case where F(s) is short for s>0 andF(0) is isometric. We use this to prove that if a C convex hypersurface is sufficiently close to being planar in an average sense (e.g. an oblate spheroid in E ³ with axis ratio more than , then it admits an isometric deformation which increases the enclosed volume.     

A New Distributional Approach to Signature Change

Colombeau's generalized functions are used to adapt the distributional approach to singular hypersurfaces in general relativity with signature change. Equations governing the dynamics of a singular hypersurface are derived and a specific non-vanishing form for the energy-momentum tensor of the singular hypersurface is obtained. It is shown that matching in the case of de Sitter space in the Lorentzian sector is possible along the boundary with minimum radius but leads to the vanishing of the energy-momentum tensor of the singular hypersurface.     

Dupin hypersurfaces with four principal Curvatures,II

If M is an isoparametric hypersurface in a sphere S ⁿ with four distinct principal curvatures, then the principal curvatures κ₁, . . . , κ₄ can be ordered so that their multiplicities satisfy m ₁ = m ₂ and m ₃ = m ₄, and the cross-ratio r of the principal curvatures (the Lie curvature) equals −1. In this paper, we prove that if M is an irreducible connected proper Dupin hypersurface in R ⁿ (or S ⁿ ) with four distinct principal curvatures with multiplicities m ₁ = m ₂ ≥ 1 and m ₃ = m ₄ = 1, and constant Lie curvature r = −1, then M is equivalent by Lie sphere transformation to an isoparametric hypersurface in a sphere. This result remains true if the assumption of irreducibility is replaced by compactness and r is merely assumed to be constant.      

Non-vanishing of the twisted cohomology on the complement of hypersurfaces

Generically, the cohomology with coefficients in a local system of rank one on the complement in of the union of a finite number of hypersurfaces vanishes except in the highest dimension. We study the non-generic case, in which the cohomology in other dimensions does not vanish. When the hypersurfaces are hyperplanes, many examples of this kind are known. In this paper, we consider the case in which the hypersurfaces need not be hyperplanes. We prove that the hypersurfaces given by some particular linear systems have non-vanishing local system cohomologies.