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291.
    
A molecular modeling investigation of dilation effects induced by sorbed gas molecules in two glassy polymers is presented. As experimental reference, integral sorption of CO2 and CH4 was measured for polysulfone (PSU) and a polyimide (6FDA‐TrMPD, PI4) at 308 K and a pressure of 10 bar. Simultaneously, the gas induced swelling effect was measured with a dilatometer based on a capacitive distance sensor recorded. The experimental evidence of the (on the observed time scale and concentration levels) elastic nature of the gas induced dilation is supported by the dilation and contraction behavior observed in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of respective detailed atomistic packing models. These models were constructed in accordance with gas concentration levels obtained from the experimental sorption results. Quantitative deviations between simulated and measured dilations are discussed as a consequence of an anelastic response of the polymer matrix which is too fast to be resolved in the experiments whose kinetics is dominated by diffusional processes. In the simulation, the initial insertion of penetrant molecules into equilibrated packing models “circumvents” the slow diffusional process of the experiment and allows a reasonable representation of the dilation process as well as a closer investigation. Our simulation approach reveals a different behavior for PSU and PI4 on the corresponding time scale. Most likely, the different chain mobility of the two polymers is responsible for the respective response to the inserted amount of gas molecules which is discussed in terms of the different chain mobilities of the two polymers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 59–71, 2008  相似文献   
292.
    
In current tube models for entanglement, the tube representing the topological constraint is considered to move with time. This tube motion results in the constraint release (CR) as well as the dynamic tube dilation (DTD), and an importance of DTD has been argued for entangled star chains. Under these backgrounds, this article examines the validity of the DTD molecular picture for the star chains. For monodisperse star chains having noninverted type‐A (parallel) dipoles in respective arms, the normalized viscoelastic and dielectric relaxation functions μ(t) and Φ(t) were found to obey a relationship μ(t) ≅ [Φ(t)]2 if the tube actually dilates in the time scale of the star relaxation. For 6‐arm star cis‐polyisoprene (PI) chains (having those type‐A dipoles), dielectric and viscoelastic measurements were conducted to test this DTD relationship. Both viscoelastic and dielectric properties exhibited characteristic behavior expected from DTD models (assuming the arm retraction in the dilating tube), the exponential increase of the relaxation time and broadening of the relaxation mode distribution with increasing arm molecular weight Ma. However, in the range of Ma examined, Ma ≤ 8Me (Me = entanglement spacing), the above DTD relationship was not valid for a dominant part of the slow relaxation (and the models failed in this sense). Thus, for star chains at least in this range of Ma, the simple DTD picture assuming very rapid CR motion (rapid equilibration in the dilated tube) did not explain the slow relaxation behavior of star chains. This result in turn suggested the importance of the CR motion in this behavior. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1024–1036, 2000  相似文献   
293.
研究三维扩散方程的数值模拟.在非正规六面体网格上,使用积分内插法建立扩散方程差分格式,涉及到27个相邻网格,适用于大变形网格上带间断系数的拟线性扩散方程的计算.叙述差分格式的建立,推导通量流和网格顶点温度的计算公式,给出了数值试验结果.  相似文献   
294.
建立了一个新的非定常脑AVM血液动力学模型.模型克服了以往的定常AVM模型无法反映血流实际脉动,以及模型结构和血管性质描述上的缺陷,并依据临床实测数据提出了一种更为符合生理和病理实际的描述AVM供血动脉扩张现象的方法.模型模拟了AVM造成的脑血管压力、流量波形和脑血管输入阻抗的变化,并对脑AVM病人脑血管系统的输入阻抗进行了分析.为研究具有复杂结构的脑AVM血液动力摹的特征,提供了一个有效的工具。  相似文献   
295.
    
Given a expansive dilation matrix , a measurable set is called a -dilation generator of if is tiled (modulo null sets) by the collection . Our main goal in this paper is to prove certain results relating the support of the Fourier transform of functions generating a wavelet or orthonormal affine system associated with the dilation to an arbitrary set which is a -dilation generator of .

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296.
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This paper studies the spectrum of continuous refinement operators and relates their spectral properties with the solutions of the corresponding continuous refinement equations.

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297.
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This paper is the second of a series in which a general theory of a priori error estimates for scalar conservation laws is constructed. In this paper, we focus on how the lack of consistency introduced by the nonuniformity of the grids influences the convergence of flux-splitting monotone schemes to the entropy solution. We obtain the optimal rate of convergence of in for consistent schemes in arbitrary grids without the use of any regularity property of the approximate solution. We then extend this result to less consistent schemes, called consistent schemes, and prove that they converge to the entropy solution with the rate of in ; again, no regularity property of the approximate solution is used. Finally, we propose a new explanation of the fact that even inconsistent schemes converge with the rate of in . We show that this well-known supraconvergence phenomenon takes place because the consistency of the numerical flux and the fact that the scheme is written in conservation form allows the regularity properties of its approximate solution (total variation boundedness) to compensate for its lack of consistency; the nonlinear nature of the problem does not play any role in this mechanism. All the above results hold in the multidimensional case, provided the grids are Cartesian products of one-dimensional nonuniform grids.

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298.
ONBAHADUR-TYPEASYMPTOTICEFFICIENCYOFPOINTESTIMATORSUNDERIRREGULARTRUNCATEDDISTRIBUTIONFAMILY¥ChenGuijing(陈桂景)(DepartmentofMat...  相似文献   
299.
将不规则区域嵌入到规则的矩形区域,在矩形区域上将弹性平面问题的控制方程采用重心Lagrange插值离散,得到控制方程矩阵形式的离散表达式。在边界节点上利用重心插值离散边界条件,规则区域采用置换法施加边界条件,不规则区域采用附加法施加边界条件,得到求解平面弹性问题的过约束线性代数方程组,采用最小二乘法进行求解,得到整个规则区域上的位移数值解。利用重心插值计算得到不规则区域内任意节点的位移值,计算精度可到10-14以上。数值算例验证了所建立方法的有效性和计算精度。  相似文献   
300.
    
A high-accuracy multiresolution method is proposed to solve mechanics problems subject to complex shapes or irregular domains. To realize this method, we design a new wavelet basis function, by which we construct a fifth-order numerical scheme for the approximation of multi-dimensional functions and their multiple integrals defined in complex domains. In the solution of differential equations, various derivatives of the unknown function are denoted as new functions. Then, the integral relations ...  相似文献   
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