双目标消防救援站选址模型的元胞阴阳平衡优化算法

为衡量消防救援站在不同时间内提供的救援服务质量,基于火灾风险等级引入时效性评价函数,构建考虑时效性和经济性的双目标选址模型。针对新模型属于NP难问题特点,设计元胞阴阳平衡优化算法进行求解。寻优个体既在阴阳平衡优化算法搜索空间进行全局探索,又在元胞空间利用演化规则在邻居范围内进行局部开发。实验证明了新模型的可行性和有效性,与蝙蝠算法、蜂群算法、和声搜索算法、NGSA-Ⅱ和元胞蚁群优化算法的比较表明,新算法在非劣解集的收敛性、多样性、分布均匀性以及计算速度方面优势显著。     

Calcium Phosphate Particles Coated with Humic Substances: A Potential Plant Biostimulant from Circular Economy

Nowadays, the use of biostimulants to reduce agrochemical input is a major trend in agriculture. In this work, we report on calcium phosphate particles (CaP) recovered from the circular economy, combined with natural humic substances (HSs), to produce a plant biostimulant. CaPs were obtained by the thermal treatment of Salmo salar bones and were subsequently functionalized with HSs by soaking in a HS water solution. The obtained materials were characterized, showing that the functionalization with HS did not sort any effect on the bulk physicochemical properties of CaP, with the exception of the surface charge that was found to get more negative. Finally, the effect of the materials on nutrient uptake and translocation in the early stages of development (up to 20 days) of two model species of interest for horticulture, Valerianella locusta and Diplotaxis tenuifolia, was assessed. Both species exhibited a similar tendency to accumulate Ca and P in hypogeal tissues, but showed different reactions to the treatments in terms of translocation to the leaves. CaP and CaP–HS treatments lead to an increase of P accumulation in the leaves of D. tenuifolia, while the treatment with HS was found to increase only the concentration of Ca in V. locusta leaves. A low biostimulating effect on both plants’ growth was observed, and was mainly scribed to the low concentration of HS in the tested materials. In the end, the obtained material showed promising results in virtue of its potential to elicit phosphorous uptake and foliar translocation by plants.     

我国居民年人均收入与消费支出宏观分析与预测

用logistic曲线方程模拟我国居民人均收入、消费支出变化情况,并用该模型对其作短期预测,同时用该模型对居民收入和消费支出变化状况作出了阶段分析,进一步为经济发展作宏观分析和预测提供信息和根据。     

L-凸空间中的新的极大元定理及其对对策平衡的应用

在L-凸空间中建立了新的极大元定理.作为应用,获得了L-凸空间中抽象经济和定性对策的平衡存在定理.     

Chemoselective Aza-Michael addition of indoles with 2-arylidenemalononitriles

Abstract

The selective aza-Michael addition at N1-position of indoles to 2-arylidenemalononitriles in the presence of potassium hydroxide is described. The salient features of this protocol are no transition-metal catalysts, mild conditions, high chemoselectivity, high atom economy, high yield and simple work-up procedures.     

A new method of bromination of aromatic rings by an iso-amyl nitrite/HBr system

A mixture of iso-amyl nitrite/HBr is shown to be a mild and efficient reagent for electrophilic aromatic bromination. The reaction succeeds with slightly activated arenes and heterocyclic compounds. By using HCl instead of HBr, chlorination can also be performed in few cases. The i-amONO₂/HBr mixture can also be utilized for bromination in the α-position of electron withdrawing groups. A possible mechanism is briefly discussed.     

主成分分析法在分析江苏经济发展状况中的应用

用多元统计分析中的主成分分析的基本原理和方法,透过2005年江苏省内13个省辖市的14项国民经济主要指标,从整体和区域经济的两个角度,分析江苏经济发展的现状.