Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Allylation–Cyclization Reactions of Cyclic 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with 1‐Vinyl Propargyl Alcohols

Ruthenium‐catalyzed allylation–cyclization reactions of cyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with 1‐vinyl propargyl alcohols that lead to diverse carbo‐ or heterocyclic products in a one‐pot cascade process are reported. These mechanistically distinct reactions are catalyzed by a single ruthenium(0) complex that contains a redox‐coupled dienone ligand. The reaction pathway strongly depends on the substrate substitution pattern, which determines the mode of activation of the 1‐vinyl propargyl alcohol. The environmentally benign process, which generates water as the only waste product, is of wide scope and allows the atom‐economic synthesis of highly functionalized furans, pyrans, and spirocarbocycles.     

L-凸空间中一个新的连续选择及其不动点定理以及对抽象经济的应用(英文)

在L-凸空间中建立了一个新的连续选择及其不动点定理.作为应用,获得了L-凸空间中的极大元定理以及定性对策和抽象经济的平衡点存在定理     

能源价格变化对我国宏观经济及节能减排的影响研究——基于联立方程模型的分析

基于供给需求理论构建了能源——经济联立方程模型,定量研究各类能源价格变化对我国宏观经济的影响.结果发现,能源价格上涨可以降低能源消耗,通过供给渠道对潜在生产能力和GDP产生紧缩作用,对通货膨胀产生向上压力.石油价格上涨对主要经济指标的影响略小,煤炭价格与电力价格上涨对经济的影响较大,煤、电价格联合上涨对经济的影响最大.这与目前我国能源消费结构吻合.各种能源价格的持续上涨冲击对潜在产出、能源消费、能源强度和碳排放强度的负向影响有继续增强的趋势.     

黑龙江省总体经济预测——基于扩散指数模型

本文以Stock and Watson提出的"扩散指数"模型为基础,建立一个两步骤的"扩散指数"预测模型,并应用于黑龙江省经济增长率的预测。除了依循Stock and Watson的作法外,本文也将变量依其特性区分为商品市场变量与货币市场变量,再分别针对各市场变量估计其扩散指数,然后根据这些指数进行预测。实证结果显示,"扩散指数"预测模型具有相当好的预测绩效,也优于一般模型的预测,因此可以作为未来总体经济预测上的另一种选择。     

A model for speculation in a dynamic economy

The paper deals with speculation strategies in a dynamic economy, where “speculation” means participating in a market with the intention to gain a reward by first buying an item and thereafter selling it at a possibly higher price. By assuming that the states of the economy form a Markov chain the problem is modeled as a discrete time Markov decision process. The optimal strategies (which are pairs of stopping times) are identified. Under quite general conditions the optimal rule for the selling process turns out to be a control limit policy in both state of economy and time. Techniques for the computation of optimal strategies are presented; some numerical examples are also discussed. For a static economy closed-form solutions are given     

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Ramosetron Hydrochloride

A new method for the synthesis of ramosetron hydrochloride, the most wildly used 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, was reported. The intermediate 8 was obtained in a high e.e. value via lipase catalyzed hydrolytic kinetic resolution. Then enantiomerically pure ramosetron hydrochloride was synthesized in two steps with excellent yield (the total yield is 24.6%). The method provides a new environment friendly and atom economy way to synthesize enantiomerically pure ramosetron.     

Olive Trees By-Products as Sources of Bioactive and Other Industrially Useful Compounds: A Systematic Review

The need to produce an ever-increasing quantity of material products and food resulting from the planet globalization process has contributed to the spread of modern agriculture based on a linear production resulting in the generation of tons of waste. This huge amount of waste is generally accumulated in landfills, causing different environmental problems. Hence, researchers moved on to study the processes used to recover agro-industrial by-products within a circular and sustainable bio-economy concept. A systematic quest on Scopus and PubMed databases was performed to identify the data available to date on recycling agro-industrial by-products of Olea europaea L. This systematic review summarizes the knowledge regarding the use of olive trees by-products for producing animal feed, biocomposites, bioethanol, cellulose pulp, activated carbon, and as a fuel source for energy production. Furthermore, the data regarding the potential biological activity of extracts from olive roots, wood, bark, and pruning were analyzed. Olive trees by-products are, indeed, rich in molecules with antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and anticancer activity, representing a promising candidate for treat several human diseases.     

无形资源投入差距与经济发展水平差距关系的研究——基于江苏省的实证

投入要素可以分为有形资源、无形资源和人力资源,进一步可以将无形资源分为信息资源、技术进步、制度与管理因素.文章以江苏省为例,采用鸿沟系数及面板数据分析了要素投入差距与经济发展水平差距之间的关系,认为江苏省经济发展水平的地区差距正在缓慢拉大,资本投入的地区差距拉大是主要原因,技术进步的地区差距轻微拉大对经济发展水平差距拉大的作用较小,劳动力投入的地区差距对经济发展水平差距没有影响,而信息资源投入的地区差距缩小对经济发展水平地区差距缩小有显著的贡献.     

非正式教育中STEM教育的实践与思考——以美国Ecyber Mission科学竞赛为例

以美国军事教育拓展项目AEOP举办的Ecyber Mission科学竞赛为例,介绍其在非正式STEM教育方面的有益尝试。相较于正式STEM教育,Ecyber Mission科学竞赛更具开放性、综合性与实践性。通过对其参与人员、主题领域设置、组织实施形式和获奖案例进行分析,以期对我国STEM教育在非正式教育中的拓展有所启发。     

基于突变级数的知识密集型制造业技术创新能力动态综合评价——变化速度特征的视角

为了进一步测度评价对象整体的变化速度发展态势,结合已有关于评价对象静态评价模型、变化速度状态和趋势测量模型的研究,以信息集结视角和“激励与惩罚”手段,运用变化速度趋势对变化速度状态进行修正,构建了融合变化速度状态和趋势等变化速度特征的变化速度动态综合评价模型。并以我国30个省区作为样本进行实证研究,得出各省区2005年~2011年间知识密集型制造业技术创新能力截面静态和变化速度动态综合评价结果,结果表明:知识密集型制造业技术创新能力较高的东部发达省份,其变化速度上升趋势微弱,甚至不少省份呈现递减状态;而知识密集型制造业技术创新能力较低的中西部省份,多数地区变化速度上升趋势显著,且上升趋势幅度高于多数东部省区。