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981.
G. Matysik 《Chromatographia》1996,43(5-6):301-303
Summary A mixture of 13 DABS-amino acids has been chromatographed on high-performance silica gel layers developed with eluents containing increasing concentrations of ethyl acetate in heptane + chloroform, using a modification of stepwise multiple development MGD described in a earlier paper. Densitograms were obtained at 485 nm. The MGD method was very efficient, separating all 13 DABS-amino acids, and rapid, owing to the use of a non-aqueous mobile phase. 相似文献
982.
983.
The reactivity of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) used in many sol-gel syntheses can be increased by prehydrolysis. In contrast to one-step prehydrolysis acidic two-step prehydrolysis causes an increase of the reactivity of the low molecular species provided the total water/TEOS ratios are the same in both cases. By choice of the processing conditions of the hydrolysis—shown on variation of water content, hydrolysis steps and heat treatment—the degree of condensation, the ratio of hydrolyzable (-OC2H5) and hydrolyzed groups (-OH) and the structure of the low molecular species (short chains, 3-membered and 4-membered rings) can be influenced systematically. The development of the building units formed in the early reaction stages is ascertained by molybdate method and 29Si NMR measurements. 相似文献
984.
985.
Proteomics is a research field aiming to characterize molecular and cellular dynamics in protein expression and function on a global level. The introduction of proteomics has been greatly broadening our view and accelerating our path in various medical researches. The most significant advantage of proteomics is its ability to examine a whole proteome or sub-proteome in a single experiment so that the protein alterations corresponding to a pathological or biochemical condition at a given time c… 相似文献
986.
Naijun Wu Jillian Dempsey Angelos Dovletoglou Jean Wyvratt 《Analytica chimica acta》2004,523(2):149-156
A large number of samples can be generated during pharmaceutical process development. Fast separation for these samples is usually challenging due to the complexity of sample matrix, which requires high efficiency as well as high speed. Monolithic columns (E. Merck, Germany) were investigated as a possible tool for reducing separation time in reversed-phase HPLC without significantly sacrificing efficiency or resolution. Both van Deemter plots and separations of alkyl benzenes and in-process samples showed that monolithic columns were suitable for fast separations without significantly compromising resolution. Practical parameters including the pressure drop, retention factor, selectivity, and tailing factor of monolithic columns (Chromolith type) were compared to those of conventional YMC 150 mm × 4.6 mm (3-μm particles) and 250 mm × 4.6 mm (5-μm particles) packed columns. The batch-to-batch reproducibility of the 100 mm × 4.6 mm Chromolith columns from five randomly ordered batches was also compared to the 250 mm × 4.6 mm YMC particle-packed columns. Fast and efficient separations of complicated process samples including crude drug substances, reaction mixtures, and crystallized mother liquors were demonstrated for both monolithic columns and conventional packed columns. The analysis times were decreased by three to seven times on the coupled monolithic columns, while maintaining the comparable resolution to typical 5-μm particle-packed 250 mm × 4.6 mm columns. 相似文献
987.
Near-infrared spectroscopy and multivariate calibration for the quantitative determination of certain properties in the petrochemical industry 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometric techniques allows on-line monitoring in real time, which can be of considerable use in industry. If it is to be correctly used in industrial applications, generally some basic considerations need to be taken into account, although this does not always apply. This study discusses some of the considerations that would help evaluate the possibility of applying multivariate calibration in combination with NIR to properties of industrial interest. Examples of these considerations are whether there is a relation between the NIR spectrum and the property of interest, what the calibration constraints are and how a sample-specific error of prediction can be quantified. Various strategies for maintaining a multivariate model after it has been installed are also presented and discussed. 相似文献
988.
本文讨论了用循环伏安法测定电化学反应之后的化学反应(EC反应)速率的方法。测定了pH1.85~12.5范围内彩色显影剂CD-2的脱氨速率。结果表明,在酸性溶液中(pH<5),随着pH的增加脱氨速率减小;在碱性溶液中(pH>7),随着pH的增加脱氨速率增大;在中性或弱酸性溶液中pH5—7的范围内几乎与pH无关。同时讨论了脱氨反应机理。 相似文献
989.
The Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), in cooperation with the Arabic Atomic Energy Agency (AAEA), has initiated the
first proficiency test exercise for the determination of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in contaminated
soil from the oil field. The soil sample was collected from one of the most highly radioactively contaminated lagoons with
production water in the Syrian oil fields, which was then prepared, characterised and certified according to a standard procedure.
Samples were dispatched to laboratories from eight Arab countries; Kuwait, Egypt, Yemen, Tunisia, Jordan, the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia, Libya and Syria. The results were evaluated using three statistical criteria; z-score, the U
test score and the relative bias. These statistical methods were used to evaluate the performance of each laboratory, in addition
to the overall evaluation for each radionuclide. This evaluation has indicated that 57% and 86% of the results passed the
criteria set for precision and accuracy applied for this test in relation to 226Ra and 228Ra, respectively. These two radionuclides are considered to be the most important radionuclides in the oil industry. 相似文献
990.
Determination of poisonous metals in wastewater collected from paint manufacturing plant using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system was developed for determination of toxic metals in wastewater collected from local paint manufacturing plant. The plasma was generated by focusing a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm on the solid residue from wastewater collected from paint industry. The concentration of different elements of environmental significance like, lead, copper, chromium, calcium, sulphur, magnesium, zinc, titanium, strontium, nickel, silicone, iron, aluminum, barium, sodium, potassium and zirconium, in paint wastewater were 6, 3, 4, 301, 72, 200, 20, 42, 4, 1, 35, 120, 133, 119, 173, 28 and 12 mg kg−1, respectively. The evaluation of potential and capabilities of LIBS as a rapid tool for paint industry effluent characterization is discussed in detail. Optimal experimental conditions were evaluated for improving the sensitivity of our LIBS system through parametric dependence study. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) results were compared with the results obtained using standard analytical technique such as inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP). The relative accuracy of our LIBS system for various elements as compared with ICP method is in the range of 0.03-0.6 at 2.5% error confidence. Limits of detection (LOD) of our LIBS system were also estimated for the above mentioned elements. 相似文献