保持序和等价关系的自然偏序变换半群

设X为一个集合,■_X为X上的全变换半群.设E是X上的一个等价关系,定义T_E(X)={f∈■_X:■(x,y)∈E,(f(x),f(y))∈E},则T_E(X)是由等价关系E所确定的■_X的子半群.本文中,所考虑的集合X是一个有限全序集,同时E是非平凡的且所有的E-类都是凸集.显然■_E(X)={f∈T_E(X):■_x,y∈X,x≤y蕴涵f(x)≤f(y)}是T_E(X)的一个子半群.我们赋予■_E(X)自然偏序并讨论何时■_E(X)中的两个元素是关于这个偏序是相关的,然后确定■_E(X)中那些关于≤是相容的元素.此外,还描述了极大(极小)元和覆盖元.     

Preparation and Characterization of Two Types of Cyanate Ester-epoxy Resin Interpenetrating Network Matrix/Butadiene-acrylonitrile Rubber Composites

Two types of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubbers (i.e., carboxyl randomized butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber (CRBN) and hydroxyl terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber (HTBN)) have been used for modifying an interpenetrating network of cyanate ester (CE)/epoxy resin (EP) (70/30). The toughness of the matrix can be improved effectively with addition of rubbers. The values of impact strength (11.6 KJ/m²) show a maximum for the CE/EP/HTBN (70/30/8) blend. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that CRBN and HTBN have a different dispersion state in the CE/EP matrix. CRBN aggregates to form regular spheres with a size of about 1 μm. HTBN disperse homogeneously with its size of the nano-level (about 10 nm). Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis shows that the CRBN has higher reactivity than HTBN. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) results shows that T ₁₀ (temperature of 10% weight loss) of the CE/EP system decreases with the addition of rubbers. For the CE/EP/CRBN system, both T ₃₀ (temperature of 30% weight loss) and T ₅₀ (temperature of 50% weight loss) are lower than neat CE/EP. However, for the CE/EP/HTBN system, both T ₃₀ and T ₅₀ are near to neat CE/EP. Different reactivity and compatibility between the rubbers and CE/EP matrix is the main determining factor for the thermal stability of the blends.     

Preparation and Compatibility of EVM/TPU Blend

The preparation of EVM (ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer rubber)/TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) blends with various ratios and their compatibility were investigated. The influence of mixing technology, filler type and content, the VA content in EVM (40 and 70 wt.%) and the addition of compatibilizers on the mechanical properties and the compatibility of the EVM/TPU blends were systematically studied.

The test results showed that in preparation of the blend, fillers should be added to the blend to improve the processability and that among the fillers used, silica showed the best reinforcing effect on the blends. The best parameters for blending EVM and TPU in a HAAKE rheometer was: mixing temperature 160°C, rotor speed 45 rpm and mixing time 15 min. The test results also showed that the compatibility of EVM 700 (VA=70%) with TPU was better than that of EVM400 (VA=40%). The addition of a compatibilizer EVM‐g‐MAH and EVM‐g‐FME improved the processability of the blends. The addition of EVM‐g‐MAH also improved the compatibility of EVM 700/TPU blend; both the mechanical properties and hot‐air aging properties of the blends were improved. However, the addition of EVM‐g‐FME did not improve the compatibility of EVM/TPU blends.     

基于双层规划的集群式供应链供应商激励机制研究

对存在多级供应商的集群式供应链中稀缺资源供应的激励问题进行了研究。在假设市场某种零部件稀缺,制造商的产量直接与零部件供应量链相关,而零部件供应量直接与一级供应商努力程度相关的情况下,建立了相应的单多双层规划模型,分别研究了制造商针对供应商结盟与不结盟的情况下的最优激励机制。最后进行了仿真,结果表明本文的激励机制能较好激励供应商并能有效防范其结盟。     

某激光捷联惯性测量装置电磁兼容设计及滤波措施

针对某激光捷联惯性测量装置存在的发射干扰(CE102传导发射和RE102电场辐射发射)超标问题,分别从线路设计、屏蔽、滤波以及滤波器的使用等方面对激光捷联惯性测量装置内部电磁兼容设计进行了详细的分析,找出了产生问题的根本原因.通过采取线路改造、屏蔽和良好接地、双扼流圈滤波等具体方法,传导发射和电场辐射发射干扰均得到了有效的抑制,经改进后该激光捷联惯性测量装置内部电磁环境有了显著的提高,完全通过了电磁兼容试验考核,验证了措施的有效性,并被其他项目借鉴.     

激励机制下服务供应链的收益分享契约协调性研究

随着第四方物流、一揽子金融服务专家等综合服务提供商运作模式的兴起,服务供应链的运作优化问题备受关注.本文基于收益分享契约的交易环境,构建了一个纯服务的两级供应链结构,分析了服务供应链的激励机制和协调机制.分析得出,服务供应链为了实现效益最优化,需要综合服务提供商向专业服务供应商实施努力激励;收益分享契约下含有激励机制的服务供应链能够实现协调,而且拥有良好的利润分配柔性.     

HIPS的官能化及HIPS/PBT共混体系的研究

以过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）为活性单体，高抗冲苯乙烯（HIPS）通过熔融接枝制得了动能化的高抗冲聚苯乙烯接枝物（HIPS－g-GMA)。用红外光谱和电子能谱对其结构进行了表征。HIPS－g-GMA的红外谱图，证明GMA已经接枝到HIPS上。电子能谱分析也提供了相似的结论。研究了单体浓度和DCP用量对产物接枝率的影响，并用化学滴定方法测定了接枝物的接枝率。用DSC、SEM、WAXD、DMA等研究了PBT／HIPS和PBT、HIPS－g-GMA的结晶、形态结构、动态力学性能及力学性能随组成的变化。SEM及DMA分析表明增容后体系的相容性得到改善，力学性能有较大提高。     

理性亚格子建模的实践与反思

亚格子建模是大涡模拟中的核心问题之一.理性亚格子建模的初衷是为尽量去除建模过程中的经验和唯象的成分,让建模过程中的每一步都在物理和数学上有迹可循.根据理性亚格子建模的理论已经发展出一系列不依赖经验常数和唯象模型的亚格子模型,但在实际问题中的效果却仍有不足,从而引发了近年来对亚格子建模思想本身的反思.本文回顾已有的研究和新的进展,目标是对未来的大涡模拟给出理性且自洽的理论指导.     

Concave distortion risk minimizing reinsurance design under adverse selection

This article makes use of the well-known Principal–Agent (multidimensional screening) model commonly used in economics to analyze a monopolistic reinsurance market in the presence of adverse selection, where the risk preference of each insurer is guided by its concave distortion risk measure of the terminal wealth position; while the reinsurer, under information asymmetry, aims to maximize its expected profit by designing an optimal policy provision (menu) of “shirt-fit” stop-loss reinsurance contracts for every insurer of either type of low or high risk. In particular, the most representative case of Tail Value-at-Risk (TVaR) is further explored in detail so as to unveil the underlying insight from economics perspective.