The Review of the Catalyst System of Poly（ethylene oxide）

聚氧化乙烯（PEO）是环氧乙烷经开环聚合而成的一种多功能水溶性聚合物,性能优异,用途广泛。本文简述了聚氧化乙烯的典型特征和国内外研究进展,综述了聚氧化乙烯制备的各类催化剂体系,描述了催化剂聚合环氧乙烷的聚合机理,重点介绍了几种具有工业应用前景的催化剂体系：烷基金属催化剂体系、烷氧基金属催化剂体系和碱土金属氨化物催化痢体系。并对其技术发展和应用进行了展望。     

温控聚乙二醇两相体系中纳米钯催化肉桂醛选择性加氢反应

将具有“高温混溶、室温分相”功能的聚乙二醇4000(PEG₄₀₀₀)与甲苯-正庚烷组成的两相体系用于纳米钯催化的肉桂醛选择性加氢反应中.在优化的反应条件下,肉桂醛转化率和氢化肉桂醛选择性分别为99%和98%.钯纳米催化剂经简单分相即可与产物分离,且循环使用8次,其活性和选择性基本保持不变.     

Theoretical and experimental study of the biamperometry for irreversible redox couple in flow system

The biamperometry for the direct determination of irreversible redox analytes in flow system has been proposed based on coupling two independent and irreversible couples to form the biamperometric detection scheme. In this work, the method is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Equations describing the current–voltage characteristics and the current–concentration relationship are presented. The influence of the applied potential difference (ΔE) and the half-wave potential difference (ΔE_1/2) between two irreversible couples on the method are discussed. It shows that small ΔE_1/2 is favorable to construct the biamperometric detection system and to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity. Increasing ΔE leads to an increase in sensitivity. This is, however, accompanied by a decrease in selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio. To construct the biamperometric scheme for the irreversible systems with large ΔE_1/2, two approaches, adjusting acidity of supporting electroyte or adding new irreversible couple, are proposed by taking uric acid/platinum oxide and phenol/permanganate systems as examples. Uric acid and phenol are, respectively, detected in a flow injection system with a biamperometric detector.     

光固化环氧丙烯酸酯/SiO2杂化材料的研究

用FTIR、SEM、DSC和TGA表征了光固化环氧丙烯酸酯／SiO2杂化材料[(EA-TMSPM)／SiO2]，研究了盐酸、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(TMSPM)和无机物浓度对(EA-TMSPM)／SiO2结构与性能的影响。结果表明，无机物浓度高的(EA-TMSPM)／SiO2杂化体系中SiO2粒子尺寸略大于无机物浓度低的体系；盐酸和无机物浓度的增加，都可以增强杂化材料的耐磨性。     

THE EFFECT AND FUNCTION OF AliBu_2OR'''' ON BUTADIENE-PROPYLENE ALTERNATING COPOLYMERIZATION CATALYZED BY VO(OR)_2Cl-AIiBu_3 SYSTEM

Four kinds of AliBu_2OB' with different R' were synthesized. The effect of AliBu_2OR'/AliBu_3 mole ratio on the conversion, the [η] of copolymer and catalytic efficiency were studied. The conversion was increased obviously and the catalytic efficiency was 2.7 times higher than before. The effect of the amount of AliBu_2OR' on the valence state of vanadium ion and the change of the valence state of vanadium ion with reaction temperature and time were studied. The VIS and IR spectra of the trinary-component catalyst system were measured. The model of active center including AliBu_2OR' was proposed. The function of AliBu_2OB was explained.     

The influence of the pore size, the foaming temperature and the viscosity of the continuous phase on the properties of foams produced by membrane foaming

Membrane foaming is a new method of foaming. To enlarge the knowledge about the influencing factors and to know how to vary the structure of the resulting foam, different factors were evaluated. A whey protein solution with 10% protein was foamed as a model solution by means of a tubular cross-flow filtration membrane. The pore size of the membrane was varied. The smaller the pore size, the smaller the bubbles produced. As a result, the foam firmness increases and less drainage was observed when smaller pore sizes were applied.

An important factor is that the added amount of gas must be stabilised as completely as possible in the foam. In order to achieve this, both the process and the product parameters were varied. Raising the foaming temperature increased the quantity of stabilised gas. The whey proteins then diffuse faster to the bubble surfaces and stabilise these by unfolding and networking reactions to prevent the coalescence of the bubbles.

The product parameter viscosity was found to influence the foaming result in such a way that up to a viscosity of 40 mPa s the incorporated gas bubbles are stabilised by the higher viscosity. At viscosities higher than 40 mPa s it is difficult to incorporate in the bubbles, and the foam structure becomes coarser due to increased coalescence at the pores of the membrane. The foam stability is enhanced with higher viscosities.     

1,1,3,3-四(全氟己基乙基)二锡氧烷二聚体在环氧化合物开环反应中的催化作用

采用氟碳-有机溶剂两相催化体系,考察了1,1,3,3-四(全氟己基乙基)二锡氧烷二聚体(1)在环氧化合物开环反应中的催化作用.结果表明,催化剂(1)在氟碳-有机溶剂两相体系中使环氧苯乙烯和甲醇的开环反应产率高达95%,¹³CNMR谱表明,开环反应的区域选择性为100%.在氟碳-有机溶剂两相催化体系中以一锅法制备了3-苯基丙酸2-甲氧基-2-苯乙醇酯,收率高,方法简便,催化剂几乎可以定量回收循环使用.     

水分散体系中苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸甲酯梯度共聚物的合成与表征

以2-溴代异丁酸乙酯(EBiB)为引发剂,CuBr/CuBr₂/1,10-邻二氮菲(phen)为复合催化剂,十二烷基磺酸钠(SLS)为乳化剂,考察了水分散体系中苯乙烯(St)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的原子转移自由基共聚合的可控性和相对反应活性.在此基础上,通过反应进料法在水分散体系中进行了St和MMA的梯度共聚合,反应表现出“活性”聚合的特征,即所得共聚物的数均分子量随着单体转化率的增加而增大,分子量分布较窄(M_w/M_n<1.50).用¹HNMR跟踪分析了聚合反应过程中共聚物微观组成的变化规律,结果表明,共聚物链中MMA链节的累积含量和瞬时含量都随着共聚物相对链长的增加而增加,即随着聚合物相对链长的增加共聚物的微观组成从St链节占主导地位逐渐变化为以MMA链节占主导地位,表明确实形成了St和MMA的梯度或渐变共聚物.     

自组装单层膜的制备与应用

本文综述了自组装单层膜制备及应用技术的最新发展,分别对有机硅烷/羟基化表面和硫醇/金两种重要的自组装单层膜体系的制备新技术以及在制膜技术和分子电子学等领域的最新应用进行了总结.     

采用柱切换色谱-离子阱质谱联用法研究复方丹参滴丸中丹参素及其代谢产物

采用柱切换高效液相色谱技术对人血清中的丹参素及其代谢产物进行富集和分离,利用对电喷雾离子阱多级质谱负离子模式进行结构分析。一级流动相为甲醇-水(30：70,V/V),流速0．8mL／min;二级流动相为甲醇-水-甲酸铵(15：85：0．5,V/V/V),流速0．2mL／min;在人血清中检测到丹参素及其代谢产物,并探讨了主要代谢产物乙酰化的丹参素(m/z 240．2)。建立一种复方丹参滴丸中丹参素及其代谢产物在人体内代谢过程的高效分析方法。该方法可用于复方丹参滴丸中丹参素及与其结构类似的其它药物的体内代谢研究。