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61.
One of the most interesting questions about a group is whether its word problem can be solved and how. The word problem in the braid group is of particular interest to topologists, algebraists, and geometers, and is the target of intensive current research. We look at the braid group from a topological point of view (rather than a geometric one). The braid group is defined by the action of diffeomorphisms on the fundamental group of a punctured disk. We exploit the topological definition in order to give a new approach for solving its word problem. Our algorithm, although not better in complexity, is faster in comparison with known algorithms for short braid words, and it is almost independent of the number of strings in the braids. Moreover, the algorithm is based on a new computer presentation of the elements of the fundamental group of a punctured disk. This presentation can be used also for other algorithms. 相似文献
62.
Andreas Poullikkas Andreas Karageorghis Georgios Georgiou John Ascough 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》1998,14(5):667-678
We investigate the use of the Method of Fundamental Solutions (MFS) for solving Stokes flow problems with a free surface. We apply the method to the creeping planar Newtonian extrudate-swell problem and study the effect of the surface tension on the free surface. The results are in good agreement with existing finite element and boundary element solutions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 14: 667–678, 1998 相似文献
63.
GAN DANYAN 《数学年刊B辑(英文版)》1994,15(1):123-127
ON THE SHEAF OF GENERALIZED FUNDAMENTAL GROUP AND COVERING SPACE¥GANDANYANAbstract:Theauthorconstructsthesheafofgeneralizedfu... 相似文献
64.
A second-order interferometric experiment in which de Broglie waves pass through a set of beamsplitters and progressively
lose intensity, leading to a decrease in the visibility, is presented. On the contrary, since the intensity reduction is the
same in the two overlapping waves, quantum mechanics predicts a constant visibility. 相似文献
65.
F. Y. Wang 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1995,84(3):635-652
Optimum design of vibrating cantilevers is a classical problem widely used in the literature and textbooks in structural optimization. The problem, originally formulated and solved by Karihalloo and Niordson (Ref. 5), was to find the optimal beam shape that will maximize the fundamental vibration frequency of a cantilever. Upon reexamination of the problem, it has been found that the original analysis and solution procedure can be simplified and improved substantially. Specifically, the time-consuming inner loop devised for solving the Lagrange multiplier in the original work has been proved to be tolally unnecessary and thus should not be considered in the problem solution. This conclusion has led to a new set of simplified equations for the construction of iteration schemes. New asymptotic expressions for the optimum design solution have been obtained and verified by numerical results. Numerical analysis has shown a significant improvement in convergence rate by the proposed new procedure. Also some obvious numerical errors in the original paper have been identified and corrected.This work was suppoted in part by the University of Arizona Foundation and the Office of the Vice President for Research. The author is grateful to the reviewers for their valuable comments. 相似文献
66.
本文主要研究图的基本群的正规子群的指数何时成为任意正整数的条件.主要讨论的群类有:有限生成的无扭幂零群、自由群、多重无限循环群等. 相似文献
67.
Liang-yun Zhang 《Siberian Mathematical Journal》2006,47(4):767-778
Given an (H,R)-Lie coalgebra Γ, we construct (H,R T )-Lie coalgebra ΓT through a right cocycle T, where (H,R) is a triangular Hopf algebra, and prove that there exists a bijection between the set of (H,R)-Lie coalgebras and the set of ordinary Lie coalgebras. We also show that if (L, [, ], Δ, R) is an (H,R)-Lie bialgebra of an ordinary Lie algebra then (L T , [, ], ΔT, R T ) is an (H,R T )-Lie bialgebra of an ordinary Lie algebra. 相似文献
68.
边界元法在带可动边界的瞬时热传导问题中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文利用边界无法对二维瞬时传热和相变问题进行求解。采用空间二次曲线单元对边界进行离散化,并采用时间相关基本解正确处理了相应边界积分。计算表明该文数值格式稳定,结果与已有文献相比较吻合一致,且该文模式时段可放大,从而提高了计算效能和稳定性。 相似文献
69.
D. L. Young C. W. Chen C. M. Fan C. C. Tsai 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2006,22(5):1173-1196
In this article we describe a numerical method to solve a nonhomogeneous diffusion equation with arbitrary geometry by combining the method of fundamental solutions (MFS), the method of particular solutions (MPS), and the eigenfunction expansion method (EEM). This forms a meshless numerical scheme of the MFS‐MPS‐EEM model to solve nonhomogeneous diffusion equations with time‐independent source terms and boundary conditions for any time and any shape. Nonhomogeneous diffusion equation with complex domain can be separated into a Poisson equation and a homogeneous diffusion equation using this model. The Poisson equation is solved by the MFS‐MPS model, in which the compactly supported radial basis functions are adopted for the MPS. On the other hand, utilizing the EEM the diffusion equation is first translated to a Helmholtz equation, which is then solved by the MFS together with the technique of the singular value decomposition (SVD). Since the present meshless method does not need mesh generation, nodal connectivity, or numerical integration, the computational effort and memory storage required are minimal as compared with other numerical schemes. Test results for two 2D diffusion problems show good comparability with the analytical solutions. The proposed algorithm is then extended to solve a problem with irregular domain and the results compare very well with solutions of a finite element scheme. Therefore, the present scheme has been proved to be very promising as a meshfree numerical method to solve nonhomogeneous diffusion equations with time‐independent source terms of any time frame, and for any arbitrary geometry. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2006 相似文献
70.
Yiorgos-Sokratis Smyrlis 《BIT Numerical Mathematics》2006,46(1):163-194
We investigate the Method of Fundamental Solutions (MFS) for the solution of certain elliptic boundary value problems. In
particular, we study the case in which the number of collocation points exceeds the number of singularities, which leads to
an over-determined linear system. In such a case, the resulting linear system is over-determined and the proposed algorithm
chooses the approximate solution for which the error, when restricted to the boundary, minimizes a suitably defined discrete
Sobolev norm. This is equivalent to a weighted least-squares treatment of the resulting over-determined system. We prove convergence
of the method in the case of the Laplace’s equation with Dirichlet boundary data in the disk. We develop an alternative way
of implementing the numerical algorithm, which avoids the inherent ill-conditioning of the MFS matrices. Finally, we present
numerical experiments suggesting that introduction of Sobolev weights improves the approximation.
AMS subject classification (2000) 35E05, 35J25, 65N12, 65N15, 65N35, 65T50 相似文献