超临界CO2-DME混合物竖直圆管内传热特性数值研究

本文采用RNG k-ε湍流模型对超临界CO₂/DME(二甲醚)二元混合工质在竖直圆管内的传热特性进行了数值模拟研究。管径4 mm,管长为1000 mm;CO₂/DME浓度配比分别为97/3、95/5、92/8、90/10、85/15、以及70/30;质量流速为125～200 kg·m^-2.s^-1;热流密度为15～30 kW.m^-2,入口温度295～308 K,入口压力8～15 MPa。不同浓度配比的混合工质在各自临界压力下应用时,随着DME浓度的增加,换热系数的峰值逐渐减低,但在温度大于310 K时混合工质的换热系数会高于纯CO₂。压力相同时,随着DME浓度的增大,拟临界温度升高,换热系数峰值点也随之向温度升高的方向移动。混合工质的换热系数随质量流速的增大而增大。在拟临界点前,增大热流密度及降低压力对管内传热有利,而在拟临界点之后,换热系数随热流密度的升高以及压力的降低而降低。     

Analysis of natural convection from a column of cold horizontal cylinders using Artificial Neural Network

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) offer an alternative way to tackle complex problems. They can learn from the examples and once trained can perform predictions and generalizations at high speed. They are particularly useful in behavior or system identification. According to the above advantages of ANN in the present paper ANN is used to predict natural convection heat transfer and fluid flow from a column of cold horizontal circular cylinders having uniform surface temperature. Governing equations are solved in a few specified cases by finite volume method to generate the database for training the ANN in the range of Rayleigh numbers of 10⁵–10⁸ and a range of cylinder spacing of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 diameters, thereafter a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) network is used to capture the behavior of flow and temperature fields and then generalized this behavior to predict the flow and temperature fields for any other Rayleigh numbers. Different training algorithms are used and it is found that the resilient back-propagation algorithm is the best algorithm regarding the faster training procedure. To validate the accuracy of the trained network, comparison is performed among the ANN and available CFD results. It is observed that ANN can be used more efficiently to determine cold plume and thermal field in lesser computational time. Based on the generalized results from the ANN new correlations are developed to estimate natural convection from a column of cold horizontal cylinders with respect to a single horizontal cylinder.     

受迫振动非线性特性的教学拓展

受迫振动在大学物理和大学物理实验中均是重点教学内容,为了使学生更加深入理解受迫振动的非线性特性,本文基于波耳共振仪所涉及的非线性因素和实验数据,对受迫振动方程进行非线性修正,利用数值分析探讨其非线性特性.通过引入硬弹簧型杜芬方程,探讨系统由周期性运动进入混沌状态的演化,将受迫振动中相对稳定的平衡点与奇异吸引子进行类比,...     

激光穿透焊的三维数值模拟

本文对激光穿透焊进行了三维数值模拟，除考虑焊接速度影响外，还研究了Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ对流对熔池流动与传热的影响。将三维数值模拟结果与相应的二维模拟结果进行了比较，结果表明，Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ对流对熔池的形成有很大的影响，因此不可忽略。本文还给出了估计激光穿透焊中蒸气孔尺寸与焊接热效率的方法。     

Development and validation of a new LBM-MRT hybrid model with enthalpy formulation for melting with natural convection

This article presents a new model to simulate melting with natural convection of a phase change material. For the phase change problem, the enthalpy formulation is used. Energy equation is solved by a finite difference method, whereas the fluid flow is solved by the multiple relaxation time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method. The model is first verified and validated using the data from the literature. Then, the model is applied to a tall brick filled with a fatty acid eutectic mixture and the results are presented. The main results are (1) the spatial convergence rate is of second order, (2) the new model is validated against data from the literature and (3) the natural convection plays an important role in the melting process of the fatty acid mixture considered in our work.     

Non-coercive Linear Elliptic Problems

We study here some linear elliptic partial differential equations (with Dirichlet, Fourier or mixed boundary conditions), to which convection terms (first order perturbations) are added that entail the loss of the classical coercivity property. We prove the existence, uniqueness and regularity results for the solutions to these problems.     

Experimental Investigation of Natural Convection in Inclined Channel in Presence of Electrostatic Field

The influence of external electrohydrodynamic forces on natural convection from a flat plate has been studied. Temperature distribution in the aforementioned channel at α = 45°, 90°, and 150° angles in different 10-, 12-, and 15-kV electrostatic fields has been reviewed. Corona wind and the shape of the created vortex by electrohydrodynamics were detected. The results showed that heat transfer was enhanced by increasing the electrostatic field in all angles. In the presence of the field, enhancement of heat transfer of the plate at acute angles is better than for obtuse ones. The optimal angle in terms of heat transfer was 45°, noting heat transfer improvement by 61%.     

具有时滞的非线性强迫微分方程振动的充分必要条件

对于一类特殊的具有时滞的二阶次线性强迫微分方程x"(t) +a (t)|x(τ(t))|γsgnx(τ(t)) =g(t)(0＜τ＜1),给出了它的所有解振动的一个充要条件.     

求解对流扩散方程的ICT-MMOCAA差分解法

Combing the ideas of FCT^[1,2]with the MMOCAA^[3],the ICT-MMOCAA difference method,in which the transport is corrected by interpolation,is established for convection diffusion problem in the paper,The new method possesses the property of general FCT schemes and it is free from oscillation,with which the large gradient problem is solved by the MMOCAA difference method based on high-order(≥2)Lagrange interpolation^[3].Because the analysis in [3]is only suit for the scheme based on linear interpolation,the analysis method difered form [3] is used for obaining the error estimates of the new method.The numerical example is given in the paper.     

A multilevel characteristics method for periodic convection‐dominated diffusion problems

In this article we introduce a multilevel method in space and time for the approximation of a convection‐diffusion equation. The spatial discretization is of pseudo‐spectral Fourier type, while the time discretization relies on the characteristics method. The approximate solution is obtained as the sum of two components that are advanced in time using different time‐steps. In particular, this requires the introduction of two sets of discretized characteristics curves and of two interpolation operators. We investigate the stability of the scheme and derive some error estimates. They indicate that the high‐frequency term can be integrated with a larger time‐step. Numerical experiments illustrate the gain in computing time due to the multilevel strategy. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 16: 107–132, 2000