Determination of flavone C-glucosides in antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB) fortified foods by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet diode array detection

A sensitive solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-pulsed flame photometric detection technique was developed to quantify volatile sulfur compounds in wine. Eleven sulfur compounds, including hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, ethanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, diethyl sulfide, methyl thioacetate, dimethyl disulfide, ethyl thioacetate, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide and methionol, can be quantified simultaneously by employing three internal standards. Calibration curves were established in a synthetic wine, and linear correlation coefficients (R2) were greater than 0.99 for all target compounds. The quantification limits for most volatile sulfur compounds were 0.5 ppb or lower, except for methionol which had a detection limit of 60 ppb. The recovery was studied in synthetic wine as well as Pinot noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Grigio, and Chardonnay wines. Although the sulfur compounds behaved differently depending on the wine matrix, recoveries of greater than 80% were achieved for all sulfur compounds. This technique was applied to analyze volatile sulfur compounds in several commercial wine samples; methionol concentrations were found at the ppm level, while the concentrations for hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, and methyl thioacetate were at ppb levels. Only trace amounts of disulfides and trisulfides were detected, and ethanethiol was not detected.     

Phenolic Composition and Biological Properties of Wild and Commercial Dog Rose Fruits and Leaves

Rosa canina L. (dog rose) is a rich source of phenolic compounds that offer great hope for the prevention of chronic human diseases. Herein, wild and commercial samples of dog rose were chemically characterized with respect to their phenolic composition by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-ESI/MS). Furthermore, in vitro antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of dog rose fruits and leaves hydromethanolic extracts and infusions were also evaluated. The results revealed that wild and commercial fruits of dog rose are similar in terms of l(+)-ascorbic acid, total phenolics (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC) and total phenolic acids (TPAC) content, individual phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the fruits had lower levels of phenolic compounds and also revealed lower biological activity than the leaves. On the other hands, the highest content of TPC, TFC, TPAC, individual phenolic constituents, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) were found in the leaf’s infusions. They were also the only ones to show antibacterial activity. Overall, these finding confirmed usefulness of R. canina L. leaves and fruits as a rich source of bioactive phenolic compounds with potential use in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.     

Highly Sensitive and Selective Determination of Manganese in Tea Leaves by a Catalytic Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method

The catalytic effect of manganese(II) on the oxidation of barium diphenylamine sulfonate (BDAS) with potassium bromate in sulfuric acid was studied. Progress of the reaction was monitored, spectrophotometrically, by measuring absorbance changes at 547.5 nm. A highly sensitive, selective and simple method was accordingly developed for the determination of trace amounts of Mn(II), with no need for a separation or pre‐concentration step. Effects of reaction time, concentration of reagents, temperature and ionic strength on the reaction rate were studied. In the optimized conditions, manganese could be determined in a range of 1 to 60 ng mL^?1 with a detection limit of 0.2 ng mL^?1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of manganese in tea leaves.     

高效液相色谱法测定银杏叶中芦丁

Measurement of rutinum in Ginkgo Biloba L. with reversed-phase HPLC is introduced. in this paper.Since gradient elution is used and 10%acetic acid is added in,the separating efficiency is satisfactory. Themethod has the advantages of low cost,fast separation and better reproducibility and recovery.     

大孔吸附树脂对熊果酸吸附性能的研究

研究了从山楂叶中纯化熊果酸的柱层析工艺。静态吸附结果表明,X-5、NKA和AB-8树脂的吸附率分别为91.32%,72.28%和41.19%;以90%乙醇为洗脱剂,X-5、NKA和AB-8树脂的洗脱率分别为83%,70%,87%。静态实验表明X-5树脂具有较好的吸附解吸性能。动态实验优化了在X-5树脂中的流速、上样液的熊果酸浓度和上样体积。结果表明,流速为3BV/h(BV为倍量体积),上样液的熊果酸浓度为0.304mg/mL,上样体积为3BV为最优上样条件。动态洗脱中采用梯度洗脱方式,结果表明在90%的乙醇洗脱下,熊果酸纯度达93.21%。对层析工艺制备的熊果酸进行结晶处理,所获得的熊果酸纯度为98.61%,与熊果酸标准品的红外光谱一致。     

竹叶中黄酮提取方法的研究

设计正交试验,采用水浴和超声分别对竹叶黄酮类物质的提取方法进行了研究。结果表明：水浴法以１５倍原料重的７５％丙酮水溶液在８０℃浸提１ｈ为最佳,超声法以２０倍原料重的７５％丙酮水溶液超３０ｍｉｎ浸提为最佳,超声法优于水浴法。     

The Effect of Maturity and Extraction Solvents on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Mulberry (Morus alba) Fruits and Leaves

Cultivation location, maturity levels, and extraction solvents could affect the bioactive compounds and biological activities of mulberry (Morus alba Linnaeus). The lack of study on Malaysia-grown mulberry causes its underutilization. This study investigated the bioactive compound content and the antioxidant activity of Sabah-grown mulberry at two different maturity stages (fruits: red mature and black fully ripe; leaves: young and mature) extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol, 60% (v/v) ethanol, and 65% (v/v) acetone. Analyses showed that mulberry fruits demonstrated maturity-dependent increment (except UHPLC-DAD quantification), while the leaves revealed maturity-dependent reduction. Principal component analysis (PCA) displayed 65% (v/v) acetone black fully ripe fruits as the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol black fully ripe fruits contained 20.08–68.43% higher total anthocyanins. Meanwhile, the 65% (v/v) acetone and 70% (v/v) methanol red mature fruits were higher in chlorogenic acid (27.53–47.12%) and rutin (31.42–35.92%) than other fruit extracts, respectively. For leaves, 65% (v/v) acetone young leaves were the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol young leaves possessed greater chlorogenic acid (19.56–74.11%) than other leaf extracts. Overall, Malaysia-grown mulberry is rich in phenolics and antioxidants, suggesting its potential application in food and pharmaceutical products.     

木槿叶中混合氨基酸的提取工艺研究

以浓盐酸和乙醇溶液为提取剂,分别通过加热回流和超声波组织破碎法提取了木槿叶中的混合氨基酸,确定了氨基酸提取的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,用盐酸回流提取,盐酸与木槿干粉的液料比为25∶1,盐酸浓度6 mol/L,100℃下回流提取5 h,提取3次,氨基酸的提取效果最佳,提取率可达16.76%,产品收率可达8.6%。用80%乙醇溶液,室温下超声波提取30 min,提取3次,提取效果最好,提取率可达17.42%,产品收率可达8.93%。     

植物中多元素测定的微波消解前处理技术

植物中多元素同时测定的前处理采用微波消解技术 ,利用原子吸收法和单频直流等离子体原子发射法测定茶叶和中药中的Ba、Ca、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、Sr、Ti和Zn。用四种国家标准参考样品进行考察 ,结果表明这是一项安全可靠且快速无污染的技术     

亲水作用液相色谱-串联质谱测定烟叶中马来酰肼及其糖苷

建立了一种基于亲水作用液相色谱-串联质谱的烟叶中马来酰肼及其糖苷的定量分析方法。方法采用乙腈-甲基叔丁基醚-水（7：10：13,体积比）超声波辅助提取烟叶中的马来酰肼及其糖苷,提取液经离心分相和溶剂置换后进行亲水作用液相色谱-串联质谱分析。马来酰肼及马来酰肼-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的基质添加标准曲线的线性范围为5~150 mg/kg,相关系数（r²）为0.9971及0.9972,检出限分别为0.5 mg/kg和0.3 mg/kg,定量限分别为1.0 mg/kg和0.8 mg/kg。马来酰肼及马来酰肼-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷在10、40、80 mg/kg 3个加标水平下的回收率为83.1%~112.3%,在40 mg/kg加标水平下的日内重复性分别为2.7%和3.8%,日间重复性分别为8.3%和7.1%。应用该方法分析喷洒马来酰肼28天后烟叶中马来酰肼的分布情况,发现马来酰肼含量减少了80.8%,其中仅有7.6%转化成了马来酰肼糖苷,其他马来酰肼的去向有待进一步研究。