1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯晶体热膨胀各向异性的模拟研究

对新型钝感高能炸药组分1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯（FOX-7）,考察并选择了适用的分子力场和超晶胞初始构型,通过303K-378K温度范围在NPT系综下的分子动力学模拟（MD）,得到常压下各温度的FOX-7晶体平衡构型,发现随温度升高晶体内分子的取向和堆积方式不变;通过线性拟合求算出线膨胀系数,发现αb明显较大而αc与αa接近但不相等;接着采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法随各向棱长膨胀的能量变化进行了模拟计算,发现得到的能量变化成各向异性并与各向热膨胀系数相关,从而建立FOX-7晶体特定分子堆积模式与热膨胀各向异性的关联。     

Socio-economical dynamics as a solvable spin system on co-evolving networks

We consider social systems in which agents are not only characterized by their states but also have the freedom to choose their interaction partners to maximize their utility. We map such systems onto an Ising model in which spins are dynamically coupled by links in a dynamical network. In this model there are two dynamical quantitieswhich arrange towards a minimum energy state in the canonical framework:the spins, s_i, and the adjacency matrix elements, c_ij.The model is exactly solvable because microcanonical partition functions reduce to productsof binomial factors as a direct consequence of the c_ij minimizing energy. We solve the system for finite sizes and for the two possible thermodynamic limits and discussthe phase diagrams.     

Singular Hamiltonian elliptic systems with critical exponential growth in dimension two

We will focus on the existence of nontrivial solutions to the following Hamiltonian elliptic system where are numbers belonging to the interval [0, 2), V is a continuous potential bounded below on by a positive constant and the functions f and g possess exponential growth range established by Trudinger–Moser inequalities in Lorentz–Sobolev spaces. The proof involves linking theorem and a finite‐dimensional approximation.     

Discretization of the solutions to Poisson’s equation

Sharp estimates (in the power scale) are obtained for the discretization error in the solutions to Poisson’s equation whose right-hand side belongs to a Korobov class. Compared to the well-known Korobov estimate, the order is almost doubled and has an ultimate value in the power scale.     

基于原位配体反应的锰(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、结构和催化性质

采用水热方法,选用含2个氰基的醚氧桥联羧酸配体(Hdbna)和2,2′-联吡啶(2,2′-bipy)与MnCl2·4H2O反应,合成了一个二维配位聚合物[Mn(μ3-Hdpna)(2,2′-bipy)]n (1),并对其结构和催化性质进行了研究。在配合物1中,配体Hdbna在水热反应条件下,通过原位反应被转化成醚氧桥联三羧酸配体(H3dpna)。结构分析结果表明配合物1的晶体属于三斜晶系,P■空间群。配合物1具有二维层结构。研究表明,配合物1在硅腈化反应中表现出较高的催化活性。     

Capillary gas chromatography of lower aliphatic C2?C5 aldehydes in the free form as a group of pungent odorants in air

The capillary gas chromatography of the C₂-C₅ lower aliphatic aldehydes (e.g.,acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n- and i-butyraldehydes, n- and i-valeraldehydes) which, in the free form in air, have unpleasant odors and low threshold odor values, has been studied using cold-trap preconcentration with liquid oxygen. The capillary column outlet was connected to enable simultaneous detection by FID, ECD, FPD AND FTD (SID).     

原位漫反射红外光谱法研究SO2对Ag/Al2O3选择性催化丙烯还原NOx反应的影响

 以Ag/Al2O3为催化剂,采用原位漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究了SO2对C3H6选择性还原NOx反应的影响. 结果表明, SO2在催化剂表面转化为硫酸盐,并且随着硫酸盐累积量的增加,其主要红外特征吸收峰由低波数向高波数漂移. 高浓度表面硫酸盐的存在不仅抑制了催化剂表面硝酸盐的生成,而且抑制了硝酸盐与表面烯醇式物种(RCH=CH-O-)或乙酸盐物种进一步反应,生成活泼的反应中间体异氰酸酯(-NCO), 这是导致Ag/Al2O3催化剂上C3H6选择性还原NOx活性降低的主要原因.     

278.15～318.15 K下葡萄糖在盐酸中的体积性质

测定了278.15～318.15 K(间隔10 K)下葡萄糖＋HCl＋水三元体系的密度, 计算了葡萄糖在盐酸(浓度0.2～2.1 mol•kg^–1)中的表观摩尔体积V_Φ,G、标准偏摩尔体积V⁰_Φ,G、葡萄糖-HCl在水中的体积对相互作用参数V_EG和标准偏摩尔膨胀系数(∂V⁰_Φ,G/∂T)_p. 结果表明: (1)葡萄糖在盐酸中的表观摩尔体积随葡萄糖和HCl的浓度的增加而线性增大; (2) V⁰_Φ,G随HCl的质量摩尔浓度的增加而线性增大; (3)葡萄糖与HCl在水溶液中的体积相互作用参数V_EG＞0, 但数值对温度变化不甚敏感; (4)葡萄糖在水和盐酸中的V⁰_Φ,G值随实验温度的变化关系均可表示为: V⁰_Φ,G＝a₀＋a₁(T－273.15 K) ^2/3; (5) (∂V⁰_Φ,G/∂T)_p为正值且随温度的升高而减小; 在一定温度下, 其值随HCl浓度的增加而稍稍减小. 糖的水化程度随温度的升高和HCl的浓度的增加而减小. 用结构相互作用模型对葡萄糖与HCl之间的体积相互作用进行了解释.     

Inherent Conformational Preferences of Ac‐Gln‐Gln‐NHBn: Sidechain Hydrogen Bonding Supports a β‐Turn in the Gas Phase

Gas‐phase single‐conformation spectroscopy is used to study Ac‐Gln‐Gln‐NHBn in order to probe the interplay between sidechain hydrogen bonding and backbone conformational preferences. This small, amide‐rich peptide offers many possibilities for backbone–backbone, sidechain–backbone, and sidechain–sidechain interactions. The major conformer observed experimentally features a type‐I β‐turn with a canonical 10‐membered ring C=O—H?N hydrogen bond between backbone amide groups. In addition, the C=O group of each Gln sidechain participates in a seven‐membered ring hydrogen bond with the backbone NH of the same residue. Thus, sidechain hydrogen‐bonding potential is satisfied in a manner that is consistent with and stabilizes the β‐turn secondary structure. This turn‐forming propensity may be relevant to pathogenic amyloid formation by polyglutamine segments in human proteins.