全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1965篇 |
免费 | 324篇 |
国内免费 | 88篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 62篇 |
力学 | 325篇 |
综合类 | 36篇 |
数学 | 1193篇 |
物理学 | 761篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 36篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 44篇 |
2019年 | 41篇 |
2018年 | 35篇 |
2017年 | 62篇 |
2016年 | 65篇 |
2015年 | 55篇 |
2014年 | 73篇 |
2013年 | 141篇 |
2012年 | 113篇 |
2011年 | 90篇 |
2010年 | 113篇 |
2009年 | 124篇 |
2008年 | 140篇 |
2007年 | 133篇 |
2006年 | 136篇 |
2005年 | 136篇 |
2004年 | 89篇 |
2003年 | 86篇 |
2002年 | 59篇 |
2001年 | 61篇 |
2000年 | 53篇 |
1999年 | 46篇 |
1998年 | 43篇 |
1997年 | 30篇 |
1996年 | 44篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 20篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有2377条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
本文利用不连续罚函数方法将带有不等式约束的全局优化问题的求解转化为 讨论一非线性方程的求根问题,从而得到若干个全局最优性条件. 相似文献
22.
We introduce the concept of partially strictly monotone functions and apply it to construct a class of nonlinear penalty functions for a constrained optimization problem. This class of nonlinear penalty functions includes some (nonlinear) penalty functions currently used in the literature as special cases. Assuming that the perturbation function is lower semi-continuous, we prove that the sequence of optimal values of nonlinear penalty problems converges to that of the original constrained optimization problem. First-order and second-order necessary optimality conditions of nonlinear penalty problems are derived by converting the optimality of penalty problems into that of a smooth constrained vector optimization problem. This approach allows for a concise derivation of optimality conditions of nonlinear penalty problems. Finally, we prove that each limit point of the second-order stationary points of the nonlinear penalty problems is a second-order stationary point of the original constrained optimization problem. 相似文献
23.
H. Stephani 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2003,35(3):467-474
An intuitive definition of standing gravitational waves is proposed. Some main classes of exact vacuum solutions are searched for standing gravitational waves, in most cases with a negative result. Only some Einstein–Rosen waves meet the conditions. 相似文献
24.
The paper analyzes new publications on the brittle fracture mechanics of prestressed materials. It is found out that new scientific results published in the International Journal of Solids and Structures in 2002 are a particular case of the results obtained at the Institute of Mechanics 20 years ago 相似文献
25.
26.
叠层连续开口圆柱壳的精确解 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
抛弃任何有关位移和应力模式的假设,引入δ-函数,对正变异性连续开口圆柱壳建立状态方程.给出薄的、中厚的和强厚的叠层连续开口圆柱壳静力问题的统一的精确解.数值结果和SAPS解进行了对比. 相似文献
27.
Sergio Albeverio Yeneng Sun Jiang-Lun Wu 《Transactions of the American Mathematical Society》2007,359(2):517-527
It is shown that for a large collection of independent martingales, the martingale property is preserved on the empirical processes. Under the assumptions of independence and identical finite-dimensional distributions, it is proved that a large collection of stochastic processes are martingales essentially if and only if the empirical processes are also martingales. These two results have implications on the testability of the martingale property in scientific modeling. Extensions to submartingales and supermartingales are given.
28.
1引言 有限体积方法[l]一l’]作为守恒型的离散技术,被广泛应用于工程计算领域.文【2,3} 基于分片常数和分片常向量函数空间,对二维驻定对流扩散方程提出了一类非协调混合 有限体积(Covolume)格式,证明了格式具有。(hl/2)收敛精度.但该格式要求对偶剖分 比较规则,即采用重 相似文献
29.
B. Rustem 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1993,76(3):429-453
In this paper, we consider two algorithms for nonlinear equality and inequality constrained optimization. Both algorithms utilize stepsize strategies based on differentiable penalty functions and quadratic programming subproblems. The essential difference between the algorithms is in the stepsize strategies used. The objective function in the quadratic subproblem includes a linear term that is dependent on the penalty functions. The quadratic objective function utilizes an approximate Hessian of the Lagrangian augmented by the penalty functions. In this approximation, it is possible to ignore the second-derivative terms arising from the constraints in the penalty functions.The penalty parameter is determined using a strategy, slightly different for each algorithm, that ensures boundedness as well as a descent property. In particular, the boundedness follows as the strategy is always satisfied for finite values of the parameter.These properties are utilized to establish global convergence and the condition under which unit stepsizes are achieved. There is also a compatibility between the quadratic objective function and the stepsize strategy to ensure the consistency of the properties for unit steps and subsequent convergence rates.This research was funded by SERC and ESRC research contracts. The author is grateful to Professors Laurence Dixon and David Mayne for their comments. The numerical results in the paper were obtained using a program written by Mr. Robin Becker. 相似文献
30.
We consider the two-dimensional one-component plasma without a background and confined to a half-plane near a metal wall. The particles are also subjected to an external potential acting perpendicular to the wall with an inverse-power-law Boltzmann factor. The model has a known solvable isotherm which exhibits a Kosterlitz-Thouless-type transition from a conductive to an insulator phase as the power law is varied. This allows predictions of theoretical methods of analyzing the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition to be compared with the exact solution. In particular, we calculate the asymptotic density profile by resumming its low-fugacity expansion near the zero-density critical coupling in the insulator phase, and solving a mean-field equation deduced from the first BGY equation. Agreement with the exact solution is obtained. As the former calculation makes essential use of the nested dipole hypothesis of Kosterlitz and Thouless, the validity of this hypothesis is explicitly verified. 相似文献