Two Paths Joining Given Vertices in 2k-Edge-Connected Graphs

Let k≥2 be an integer and G = (V(G), E(G)) be a k-edge-connected graph. For X⊆V(G), e(X) denotes the number of edges between X and V(G) − X. Let {s_i, t_i}⊆X_i⊆V(G) (i=1,2) and X₁∩X₂=∅. We here prove that if k is even and e(X_i)≤2k−1 (i=1,2), then there exist paths P₁ and P₂ such that P_i joins s_i and t_i, V(P_i)⊆X_i (i=1,2) and G − E(P₁∪P₂) is (k−2)-edge-connected (for odd k, if e(X₁)≤2k−2 and e(X₂)≤2k−1, then the same result holds [10]), and we give a generalization of this result and some other results about paths not containing given edges.     

Riesz空间中的极大不相交系和表示理论

设Ｅ是阿基米德Ｒｉｅｓｚ空间，有弱单位元ｅ和极大不相交系｛ｅｉ：ｉ∈Ｉ｝，其中每一个ｅｉ都是投影元素．由ｅｉ生成的主带记为Ｂ（ｅｉ）．本文考虑如下论述：（ａ）存在完全正则Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ空间Ｘ，使Ｅ是Ｒｉｅｓｚ同构于Ｃ（Ｘ）；（ｂ）对每一个ｉ∈Ｉ，存在一个完全正则Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ空间Ｘｉ使Ｂ（ｅｉ）是Ｒｉｅｓｚ同构于Ｃ（Ｘｉ）．我们证明（ａ）可推出（ｂ）．但其逆在一般情况下不成立．当（ｂ）成立时，我们得到一些与（ａ）等价的论述．     

具有缩影的图式流型

本文运用扭转运算及组合理论给出了具有缩影的图式流型的同胚类的个数。     

Operational and design considerations for broad area graded barrier quantum well heterostructure lasers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition for high power applications

Graded barrier quantum well heterostructure (GBQWH) broad area lasers have been shown to be capable of high power pulsed and cw operation. In this article, we consider several operational characteristics and design issues associated with broad area graded barrier quantum well heterostructure lasers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. In particular, the effect of junction heating on emission wavelength for cw device operation and the effects of various buffer layer structures on the material properties and device characteristics of GBQWH structures are addressed. Typical results for high power operation of uncoated broad area laser diodes are also outlined.     

Measuring the Luttinger liquid parameter with shot noise

We explore the low-frequency noise of interacting electrons in a one-dimensional structure (quantum wire or interaction-coupled edge states) with counterpropagating modes, assuming a single channel in each direction. The system is driven out of equilibrium by a quantum point contact (QPC) with an applied voltage, which induces a double-step energy distribution of incoming electrons on one side of the device. A second QPC serves to explore the statistics of outgoing electrons. We show that measurement of a low-frequency noise in such a setup allows one to extract the Luttinger liquid constant K which is the key parameter characterizing an interacting 1D system. We evaluate the dependence of the zero-frequency noise on K and on parameters of both QPCs (transparencies and voltages).     

Mutually Disjoint 5‐Designs and 5‐Spontaneous Emission Error Designs from Extremal Ternary Self‐Dual Codes

It is known that extremal ternary self‐dual codes of length mod 12) yield 5‐designs. Previously, mutually disjoint 5‐designs were constructed by using single known generator matrix of bordered double circulant ternary self‐dual codes (see [1, 2]). In this paper, a number of generator matrices of bordered double circulant extremal ternary self‐dual codes are searched with the aid of computer. Using these codes we give many mutually disjoint 5‐designs. As a consequence, a list of 5‐spontaneous emission error designs are obtained.     

Cycle Transversals in Tournaments with Few Vertex Disjoint Cycles

We prove that every tournament T with no three disjoint cycles contains a set X of at most four vertices such that is acyclic.     

The vibration and stability of non-homogeneous orthotropic conical shells with clamped edges subjected to uniform external pressures

In this paper an analytical procedure is given to study the free vibration and stability characteristics of homogeneous and non-homogeneous orthotropic truncated and complete conical shells with clamped edges under uniform external pressures. The non-homogeneous orthotropic material properties of conical shells vary continuously in the thickness direction. The governing equations according to the Donnell’s theory are solved by Galerkin’s method and critical hydrostatic and lateral pressures and fundamental natural frequencies have been found analytically. The appropriate formulas for homogeneous orthotropic and isotropic conical shells and for cylindrical shells made of homogeneous and non-homogeneous, orthotropic and isotropic materials are found as a special case. Several examples are presented to show the accuracy and efficiency of the formulation. The closed-form solutions are verified by accurate different solutions. Finally, the influences of the non-homogeneity, orthotropy and the variations of conical shells characteristics on the critical lateral and hydrostatic pressures and natural frequencies are investigated, when Young’s moduli and density vary together and separately. The results obtained for homogeneous cases are compared with their counterparts in the literature.