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41.
近年来, 硅烯(单层硅)由于其独特的结构和电子性质以及在量子霍尔效应等领域的潜在应用而成为理论和实验研究的一个热点. 借助于四带次近邻紧束缚模型, 详细计算和研究了硅烯中受电场调制的体能隙和电子能级. 结果表明: 硅烯原胞中的两个子格处于不同的平面上, 可以通过外电场区分和控制这两个子格, 这将破坏在纯石墨烯中无法被破坏的K-K'对称性, 并消除由这一对称性导致的电子能级的二重简并; 外加电场还会引起硅烯中次近邻格点之间的Rashba自旋轨道耦合, 这一作用会在不同狄拉克点有选择地消除电子能级在部分电场点的简并, 相邻能级从交叉状态变为反交叉状态; 电子能级中除一些孤立的交叉点外, 每个能级都具有确定的自旋取向, 石墨烯中电子能级的四重简并在硅烯中被完全消除, 从而导致填充因子ν=0, ±1, ±2, ±3,…的量子霍尔平台. 相似文献
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蝙蝠听觉神经系统如何在复杂环境中识别昆虫 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生物声纳的高灵敏度和高可靠性一直是仿生设计所追求的目标, 然而至今仍没有一个令人信服的物理模型能很好得解释生物声纳优越性能的原因, 其主要是缺乏对动物听觉系统神经信息编码的认识. 本文从蝙蝠听觉神经系统的生理结构出发, 用圆映射和符号动力学方法讨论了蝙蝠听觉神经系统在复杂环境中处理多普勒信号的一种可能性方案, 并通过计算机仿真证明了其合理性. 针对蝙蝠神经系统的不稳定性, 用符号动力学的方法分析神经系统信息处理的机理具有良好的鲁棒性和高灵敏度. 这种新的信号处理方法的研究, 为生物声纳信号的处理过程的进一步认识提供了一种新的解释. 相似文献
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Ta‐Tsien Li Yue‐Jun Peng Yong‐Fu Yang Yi Zhou 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2008,31(2):193-227
One often believes that there is no shock formation for the Cauchy problem of quasilinear hyperbolic systems (of conservation laws) with linearly degenerate characteristic fields. It has been a conjecture for a long time (see Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 2004; 172 :65–91; Compressible Fluid Flow and Systems of Conservation Laws in Several Space Variables. Springer: New York, 1984) and it is still an open problem in the general situation up to now. In this paper, a framework to justify this conjecture is proposed, and, by means of the concept such as the strict block hyperbolicity, the part richness and the successively block‐closed system, some general kinds of quasilinear hyperbolic systems, which verify the conjecture, are given. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In this paper, we first study a class of elliptic equations with anisotropic boundary degeneracy. Besides establishing the existence, uniqueness and comparison principle, we obtain the optimal Hölder estimates for weak solutions by the estimates in the Campanato space. Based on such Hölder estimates, we then investigate subsonic-sonic flows with singularities at the sonic curves in a symmetric convergent nozzle with straight wall for an approximate model of the potential flow equation. It is proved that the perturbation problem of the symmetric subsonic-sonic flow is solvable and the symmetric subsonic-sonic flow is stable. 相似文献
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For a kind of quasilinear hyperbolic systems in several space variables whose coefficient matrices commute each other, by means of normalized coordinates, formulas of wave decomposition and pointwise decay estimates, the global existence of classical solution to the Cauchy problem for small and decaying initial data is obtained, under hypotheses of weak linear degeneracy and weakly strict hyperbolicity. 相似文献
50.
Nick M. Vandewiele Ruben Van de Vijver Kevin M. Van Geem Marie‐Françoise Reyniers Guy B. Marin 《Journal of computational chemistry》2015,36(3):181-192
The symmetry of molecules and transition states of elementary reactions is an essential property with important implications for computational chemistry. The automated identification of symmetry by computers is a very useful tool for many applications, but often relies on the availability of three‐dimensional coordinates of the atoms in the molecule and hence becomes less useful when these coordinates are a priori unavailable. This article presents a new algorithm that identifies symmetry of molecules and transition states based on an augmented graph representation of the corresponding structures, in which both topology and the presence of stereocenters are accounted for. The automorphism group order of the graph associated with the molecule or transition state is used as a starting point. A novel concept of label‐stereoisomers, that is, stereoisomers that arise after labeling homomorph substituents in the original molecule so that they become distinguishable, is introduced and used to obtain the symmetry number. The algorithm is characterized by its generic nature and avoids the use of heuristic rules that would limit the applicability. The calculated symmetry numbers are in agreement with expected values for a large and diverse set of structures, ranging from asymmetric, small molecules such as fluorochlorobromomethane to highly symmetric structures found in drug discovery assays. The new algorithm opens up new possibilities for the fast screening of the degree of symmetry of large sets of molecules. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献