X‐ray Rotation‐Tilt‐Method — First Results of a new X‐ray Diffraction Technique

That from us as X‐ray Rotation‐Tilt Technique (XRT Method) designated procedure principle represents a world innovation and overcomes essential disadvantages of comparable diffraction techniques known up to now. Starting from the origin and the informational content of the XRT interferences a realization of a special equipment and selected examples of some first applications are presented.     

目标红外光谱辐射强度测量技术研究

本文从理论上分析了测量野外目标红外光谱辐射强度方法，提出了实现测量装置的结构形式，并对测量中的关键技术，例如测量速度、系统噪声、分光、信号处理等进行了重点探讨。     

Ring currents in condensed ring systems

We have studied magnetism and aromaticity of polycyclic ring systems by analyzing ring currents for different circulations in these molecules. The technique employed for calculating ring currents uses correction vectors which implicitly includes all the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian in the space of the chosen configurations. We have employed the Pariser–Parr–Pople Hamiltonian and have carried out full configuration interaction (CI) calculations for small systems and approximate CI calculations for large systems. The systems studied include polyacenes, nonaromatic ring systems including the C₆₀ fragments pyracylene, fluoranthene, and corannulene, and heteroatomic systems with upto two six-membered rings. We find that in polyacenes, the aromaticity of the extreme phenyl rings reduces with increasing number of phenyl rings in the system, and it saturates at ≈⅔ the benzene value. In systems containing nonaromatic rings, we find paramagnetic or diamagnetic behavior for different circulations depending upon the number of atoms in the chosen ring cycle, in agreement with the 4n+2 rule. In corannulene, the largest fragment of C₆₀ we have studied, the five-membered ring is weakly diamagnetic while the six-membered ring is more diamagnetic, although much less than in isolated benzene. The ring structures with heteroatoms studied are pyridine, pyrimidine, and its isomers, s-triazine, quinoline and its isomer, and quinazoline and its isomers. All these have similar ring currents as in their purely carbon counterparts, although ions of these molecules show interesting behavior. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 70: 503–513, 1998     

A PRESSURE-BASED ALGORITHM FOR HIGH-SPEED TURBOMACHINERY FLOWS

The steady state Navier–Stokes equations are solved in transonic flows using an elliptic formulation. A segregated solution algorithm is established in which the pressure correction equation is utilized to enforce the divergence-free mass flux constraint. The momentum equations are solved in terms of the primitive variables, while the pressure correction field is used to update both the convecting mass flux components and the pressure itself. The velocity components are deduced from the corrected mass fluxes on the basis of an upwind-biased density, which is a mechanism capable of overcoming the ellipticity of the system of equations, in the transonic flow regime. An incomplete LU decomposition is used for the solution of the transport-type equations and a globally minimized residual method resolves the pressure correction equation. Turbulence is resolved through the k–ε model. Dealing with turbomachinery applications, results are presented in two-dimensional compressor and turbine cascades under design and off-design conditions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Melt Flow and Species Transport in μg‐Gradient‐Freeze Growth of Germanium

The result of a μg‐experiment on the Gradient‐Freeze growth of Ge:Zn with doping from the vapour phase shows a homogeneous distribution of the zinc in the melt, indicating the dominating role of a gravity‐independent transport mechanism. This effect is investigated numerically on the basis of a global model of the growth setup. The numerical simulation includes the melt flow and the transport of the dopant taking into account buoyant and thermocapillary forces. The results confirm the minor influence of gravity on the species transport. The complete mixing of the melt can be explained by thermocapillary (Marangoni) convection only.     

微流控技术在微/纳米材料合成中的研究进展

微/纳米材料因其尺度的微小而具有异于宏观材料的特殊性质, 在多个领域都有着丰富的应用. 近年来, 微流控技术因其微量、高效、高通量、微型化、集成化和自动化等独特的优势在微/纳米材料的合成中引起了广泛的关注. 本综述从微反应器的结构形式及反应方式两个角度进行分类, 介绍了微流控技术在无机材料、有机材料和复合材料中的具体应用, 并对该领域未来的主要发展趋势进行了展望. 微流控技术为微/纳米材料的合成提供了新的思路和方法, 在工业生产和学术研究中都蕴含着丰富的可能性和巨大的潜力.     

A novel method of temperature control for a crystal growth puller

A facile method to control the contracting rate of the thermal expansible bars for pulling crystal is first suggested. The thermal expansible bars, set in a modified Dewar flask whose vacuum degree is controlled, are heated to designed temperature and then switch off the power to let it cool down at a desired rate, which depends largely on the changeable vacuum degree. This new approach is expected to completely eliminate the effects, which possibly reduces the smooth extent of thermal expansion, caused by the minor temperature fluctuations during crystal growth process and to realize the utmost smooth and slow pulling rate. It is expected to install this apparatus in optical floating zone furnace, instead of traditional motor, to grow peritectic crystal, such as crystal Bi‐2223, since for the peritectic reaction, in principle, the extremely slow growing rate is considerably essential.     

Exact Solutions for a Nonisospectral and Variable-Coefficient KdV Equation

The bilinear form for a nonisospectral and variable-coefficient KdV equation is obtained and some exact soliton solutions are derived through Hirota method and Wronskian technique. We also derive the bilinear transformation from its Lax pairs and find solutions with the help of the obtained bilinear transformation.     

Correction of Relativistic Center-of-Mass Vector on Electric Polarizability of Pion Meson

We estimate the correction of relativistic center-of-mass vector on electric polarizability of an equal-mass quark-antiquark system numerically. Effect on the system confined by different interactive potentials is analysed. A great improvement for the electric polarizability of pion meson is obtained.     

Dynamical Suppression of Decoherence in Two-Qubit Quantum Memory

In this paper, we have detailedly studied the dynamical suppression of the phase damping for the two-qubit quantum memory of Ising model by the quantum “bang-bang“ technique. We find the sequence of periodic radiofrequency pulses repetitively to flip the state of the two-qubit system and quantitatively find that these pulses can be used to effectively suppress the phase damping decoherence of the quantum memory and freeze the system state into its initial state. The general sequence of periodic radio-frequency pulses to suppress the phase damping of multi-qubit of Ising model is also given.