Geodesic connectedness and conjugate points in GRW space–times

Given two points of a generalized Robertson–Walker space–time, the existence, multiplicity and causal character of geodesics connecting them is characterized. Conjugate points of such geodesics are related to conjugate points of geodesics on the fiber, and Morse-type relations are obtained. Applications to bidimensional space–times and to GRW space–times satisfying the timelike convergence condition are also found.     

连通度量空间的映象

拓扑空间X称为s连通,若X不能表示为两个非空的不相交的序列开集之并.本文纠正了A.Fedeli 和A.Le Donne关于连通度量空间映象的错误论证,证明了s连通性可刻画为连通度量空间的连续的序列覆盖映象,从而导出连通的序列空间(或FrEchet空间)可刻画为连通度量空间的商映象(或伪开映象),回答了V.V.Tkachuk在Proc.Amer.Math Soc.上提出的问题.     

Notes on sequentially connected spaces

Summary We discuss the relationship between two different sequential connectedness, and prove that sequential connectedness is countably multiplicative.     

The kirkwood-salsburg equations for random continuum percolation

We develop two different hierarchies of Kirkwood-Salsburg equations for the connectedness functions of random continuum percolation. These equations are derived by writing the Kirkwood-Salsburg equations for the distribution functions of thes-state continuum Potts model (CPM), taking thes1 limit, and forming appropriate linear combinations. The first hierarchy is satisfied by a subset of the connectedness functions used in previous studies. It gives rigorous, low-order bounds for the mean number of clusters n _c and the two-point connectedness function. The second hierarchy is a closed set of equations satisfied by the generalized blocking functions, each of which is defined by the probability that a given set of connections between particles is absent. These auxiliary functions are shown to be a natural basis for calculating the properties of continuum percolation models. They are the objects naturally occurring in integral equations for percolation theory. Also, the standard connectedness functions can be written as linear combinations of them. Using our second Kirkwood-Salsburg hierarchy, we show the existence of an infinite sequence of rigorous, upper and lower bounds for all the quantities describing random percolation, including the mean cluster size and mean number of clusters. These equations also provide a rigorous lower bound for the radius of convergence of the virial series for the mean number of clusters. Most of the results obtained here can be readily extended to percolation models on lattices, and to models with positive (repulsive) pair potentials.     

Topological ordered C- (resp. I-)spaces and generalized metric spaces

The following result due to Hanai, Morita, and Stone is well known: Let f be a closed continuous map of a metric space X onto a topological space Y. Then the following statements are equivalent: (i) Y satisfies the first countability axiom; (ii) for each y∈Y, f−1{y} has a compact boundary in X; (iii) Y is metrizable.In this article we obtain several related results in the setting of topological ordered spaces. In particular we investigate the upper and lower topologies of metrizable topological ordered spaces which are both C- and I-spaces in the sense of Priestley.     

关于子基的强连通性

在LF拓扑空间中借助于相对闭包引入了关于子基的强连通性的概念,研究了它的一些基本性质和等价刻画.结果表明,这种强连通性保持了LF拓扑空间中已有连通性的许多类似性质     

Quantah的连通性

The concepts of connectedness and locally connectedness is introduced for right-side idempotent quantales. Some properties of connected quantale are studied, and then the equivalent characterization of connected quantale is also given.     

Local Connectedness Made Uniform

The uniformly locally connected reflection for a locally connected uniform frame is constructed. Applications of this construction to the theory of locally connected completely regular frames are given. One such application is that if a completely regular frame is locally connected and pseudocompact then every compactification of it is locally connected.     

On the connectedness of the set of weakly efficient points of a vector optimization problem in locally convex spaces

In vector optimization, topological properties of the set of efficient and weakly efficient points are of interest. In this paper, we study the connectedness of the setE ^w of all weakly efficient points of a subsetZ of a locally convex spaceX with respect to a continuous mappingp:X Y,Y locally convex and partially ordered by a closed, convex cone with nonempty interior. Under the general assumptions thatZ is convex and closed and thatp is a pointwise quasiconvex mapping (i.e., a generalized quasiconvex concept), the setE ^w is connected, if the lower level sets ofp are compact. Furthermore, we show some connectedness results on the efficient points and the efficient and weakly efficient outcomes. The considerations of this paper extend the previous results of Refs. 1–3. Moreover, some examples in vector approximation are given.The author is grateful to Dr. D. T. Luc and to a referee for pointing out an error in an earlier version of this paper.     

Intersection Theorems with a Continuum of Intersection Points

In all existing intersection theorems, conditions are given under which a certain subset of a collection of sets has a nonempty intersection. In this paper, conditions are formulated under which the intersection is a continuum of points satisfying some interesting topological properties. In this sense, the intersection theorems considered in this paper belong to a new class. The intersection theorems are formulated on the unit cube and it is shown that both the vector of zeroes and the vector of ones lie in the same component of the intersection. An interesting application concerns the model of an economy with price rigidities. Using the intersection theorems of this paper, it is easily shown that there exists a continuum of zero points in such a model. The intersection theorems treated give a generalization of the well-known lemmas of Knaster, Kuratowski, and Mazurkiewicz (Ref. 1), Scarf (Ref. 2), Shapley (Ref. 3), and Ichiishi (Ref. 4). Moreover, the results can be used to sharpen the usual formulation of the Scarf lemma on the cube.