概念图——概率统计教学的新途径

简述了概念图的起源、国内外发展现状,介绍了概念图的三个组成部分:结点、连线和连接语词,指出了相对于传统教学的概念图教学,在概率统计教学中的突出之处:概念图可作为教师教学的先行组织者;可作为学生复习时整理知识的工具;可作为教师检测学生学习的工具,提出了概率统计知识概念图制作的策略,并用实例说明了概念图应用于概率统计教学中的良好效果.     

Solution concepts in vector optimization: a fresh look at an old story

Over the past decades various solution concepts for vector optimization problems have been established and used: among them are efficient, weakly efficient and properly efficient solutions. In contrast to the classical approach, we define a solution to be a set of efficient solutions on which the infimum of the objective function with respect to an appropriate complete lattice (the space of self-infimal sets) is attained. The set of weakly efficient solutions is not considered to be a solution, but weak efficiency is essential in the construction of the complete lattice. In this way, two classic concepts are involved in a common approach. Several different notions of semicontinuity are compared. Using the space of self-infimal sets, we can show that various originally different concepts coincide. A Weierstrass existence result is proved for our solution concept. A slight relaxation of the solution concept yields a relationship to properly efficient solutions.     

Reservoir storage with skew inflows

The storage problem for infinite reservoirs where annual inflows are distributed as independent gamma variables is treated in this paper. After having determined the distribution of the water content in the reservoir under consideration for a given period, an attempt was made to derive the expressions for the first four moments of the surplus and deficit, and then to approximate their distributions by the Type I curve using the Pearson criterion. The expected value of the range was also derived, and its variance was approximated by a linear equation of the reservoir life. Finally, the distribution of the range was approximated by the Type III curve.     

Information and the Brukner-Zeilinger Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics: A Critical Investigation

In Brukner and Zeilinger's interpretation of quantum mechanics, information is introduced as the most fundamental notion and the finiteness of information is considered as an essential feature of quantum systems. They also define a new measure of information which is inherently different from the Shannon information and try to show that the latter is not useful in defining the information content in a quantum object. Here, we show that there are serious problems in their approach which make their efforts unsatisfactory. The finiteness of information does not explain how objective results appear in experiments and what an instantaneous change in the so-called information vector (or catalog of knowledge) really means during the measurement. On the other hand, Brukner and Zeilinger's definition of a new measure of information may lose its significance, when the spin measurement of an elementary system is treated realistically. Hence, the sum of the individual measures of information may not be a conserved value in real experiments.     

基于学习进阶理论的化学式计算教学设计*

为了攻克“化学式计算”这一难点,基于学习进阶理论对化学式计算的学习过程和影响因素进行分析,并以化学式计算的影响因素为维度,描述了化学式计算的2个预期水平的行为表现。围绕学生的预期行为表现设计驱动性问题进行教学设计,以期为化学式计算的教学提供案例参考。     

Multi-resolution image analysis using the quaternion wavelet transform

This paper presents the theory and practicalities of the quaternion wavelet transform. The contribution of this work is to generalize the real and complex wavelet transforms and to derive for the first time a quaternionic wavelet pyramid for multi-resolution analysis using the quaternion phase concept. The three quaternion phase components of the detail wavelet filters together with a confidence mask are used for the computation of a denser image velocity field which is updated through various levels of a multi-resolution pyramid. Our local model computes the motion by the linear evaluation of the disparity equations involving the three phases of the quaternion detail high-pass filters. A confidence measure singles out those regions where horizontal and vertical displacement can reliably be estimated simultaneously. The paper is useful for researchers and practitioners interested in the theory and applications of the quaternion wavelet transform.     

概念格的粗糙近似比较研究

形式背景产生了概念格,每个节点由外延和内涵组成.对形式背景论域中的任何一个子集,可用外延来近似,在这方面已有了4种方法.对这些方法进行了比较研究,利用粗糙集理论证明了用这些方法所求出的概念的上近似外延是相同的,并利用粗糙集理论研究了概念格属性约简后,原来方法对结果的一致性.     

A theorem on parastatistics and its application

Proceeding from the assumption that nature chooses a riskless strategy, we consequently obtain a distribution over parastatistics. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 150, No. 3, pp. 511–512, March, 2007.     

Influence of shear and orthogonal vibration on semisolid aluminum flow properties

Understanding flow properties and flow effects of liquid and semisolid aluminum became a key solution for know-how of the casting processes. It is essential to find and study a new solution of interactive and efficient structure control of processed aluminum suspension. This task was solved by an adaptation of an electromagnetic actuator and high-resolution tempering unit to a conventional rotational rheometer. Initially, the research reveals a precise detection of transition temperatures in steady and transient shear flow. It was found that superposition of mechanical vibration orthogonal to the shear flow radically decreases shear viscosity of semisolid slurry. However, liquid state rheological properties show structural behavior, but stayed insensitive to mechanical oscillations. Analysis of boundary conditions before fundamental experiment shows that no considerable side effects were present during the experiment under vibration. The study reveals transition of strongly shear-thinning concentrated aluminum suspension to almost Newtonian fluid under vibration in shear flow. It is recommended to relate such phenomenon to non-equilibrium between structure formation and structure break-up under vibration and hydrodynamic forces of shear flow. The results illustrate how sensitive the structure of slurry is to vibration in general and in particular during the solidification phase. The revealed results provide a solid basis for further fundamental investigations.