基于概率犹豫模糊相似度的交互式群体决策方法

概率犹豫模糊集（probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set,PHFS）是犹豫模糊集的推广,在犹豫模糊集基础上通过为每个隶属度添加与之相对应的概率,以全面表达专家赋予的初始决策信息,是处理多属性指标决策问题的一种有效工具。首先,介绍了概率犹豫模糊数（PHFN）的基本定义和相关运算,指出了传统PHFN的得分函数和汉明距离的不足,并给出了改进方法。其次,通过适当补充隶属度集合中的元素数量提出了PHFN的汉明距离和相似度概念,依据专家赋予的评价矩阵引入了概率犹豫模糊矩阵（PHFM）相似度。最后,在概率犹豫模糊环境下基于PHFM相似度提出了一种交互式群体评价算法,并用实例验证了算法的有效性。     

Two-step evaluation of binding energy and potential energy surface of van der Waals complexes

Evaluation of intermolecular distance and binding energy (BE) of van der Waals complex/cluster at ab initio level of theory is computationally demanding when many monomers are involved. Starting from MP2 energy, we reached a two-step evaluation method of BE of van der Waals complex/cluster through reasonable approximations; BE = BE(HF) + sum Mi> Mj{BE (Mi- Mj)(MP2 or MP2.5) - BE(Mi-Mj)(HF)} where HF represents the Hartree-Fock calculation, Mi, Mj, etc. are interacting monomers, and MP2.5 represents the arithmetic mean of MP2 and MP3. The first term is the usual BE of the complex/cluster evaluated at the HF level. The second term is the sum of the difference in two-body BE between the correlated and HF levels of theory. This equation was applied to various van der Waals complexes consisting of up-to-four monomers at MP2 and MP2.5 levels of theory. We found that this method is capable of providing precise estimate of the BE and reproducing well the potential energy surface of van der Waals complexes/clusters; the maximum error of the BE is less than 1 kcal/mol and 1% in most cases except for several limited cases. The origins of error in these cases are discussed in detail.     

Disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells: a platform for human disease modeling and drug discovery

The generation of disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from patients with incurable diseases is a promising approach for studying disease mechanisms and drug screening. Such innovation enables to obtain autologous cell sources in regenerative medicine. Herein, we report the generation and characterization of iPSCs from fibroblasts of patients with sporadic or familial diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), juvenile-onset, type I diabetes mellitus (JDM), and Duchenne type muscular dystrophy (DMD), as well as from normal human fibroblasts (WT). As an example to modeling disease using disease-specific iPSCs, we also discuss the previously established childhood cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CCALD)- and adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)-iPSCs by our group. Through DNA fingerprinting analysis, the origins of generated disease-specific iPSC lines were identified. Each iPSC line exhibited an intense alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of pluripotent markers, and the potential to differentiate into all three embryonic germ layers: the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm. Expression of endogenous pluripotent markers and downregulation of retrovirus-delivered transgenes [OCT4 (POU5F1), SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC] were observed in the generated iPSCs. Collectively, our results demonstrated that disease-specific iPSC lines characteristically resembled hESC lines. Furthermore, we were able to differentiate PD-iPSCs, one of the disease-specific-iPSC lines we generated, into dopaminergic (DA) neurons, the cell type mostly affected by PD. These PD-specific DA neurons along with other examples of cell models derived from disease-specific iPSCs would provide a powerful platform for examining the pathophysiology of relevant diseases at the cellular and molecular levels and for developing new drugs and therapeutic regimens.     

Screening of Binding Properties of Con-A Immobilized on Bead Cellulose by Flow Microcalorimetry Using Invertase and Anti-Con-A Antibody as Reporting Systems

SUMMARY

Flow micro-calorimeter so-called enzyme thermistor (ET) is nowadays increasingly used for rapid screening of the sorbents with immobilized protein ligands. In the present paper, chlorotriazine-, dialdehyde-, formylmethyl-, oxirane- and diazotized derivatives of bead cellulose were applied as matrices for immobilization of Concanavalin-A (Con-A). The amounts of free-accessible Con-A in each of the above sorbents were evaluated: i.) by adsorption of invertase; ii.) by means of ELISA using both, mouse anti-Con-A antibody and pig anti-mouse antibody linked with peroxidase. Reactions sub i and ii were monitored in dual way; thermometrically, with the aid of an ET as well as using common spectophotometric methods. The results obtained by spectrophotometry and thermometry intercorrelated significantly (p=0.0028 and p=0.0001, for ELISA and the invertase, respectively). The amounts of immobilized Con-A were directly proportional with the ELISA signal of peroxidase reaction whether this was detected by means of ET (r=0.975, p=0.001) or by spectrophotometry (r=0.983, p=0.0005). Slightly less tight correlation was found between the amounts of immobilized Con-A and the activity of invertase in conjugates when they were assayed by means of thermometry (r=0.933, p=0.0065) and spectrophotometry (r=0.920, p=0.0094). The above data indicate, that thermometry may be considered as a method suitable for rapid evaluation of the amount and accessibility of immobilized Con-A.     

Trans‐Resveratrol Extraction from Grapevine: Application to Berries and Leaves from Vines Affected by Esca Proper

Abstract

Trans‐resveratrol is a metabolite involved in resistance of plants during biotic and abiotic stress. Here we report the optimization of a rapid solvent extraction protocol and its application to different parts of grapevines. We also demonstrate the influence of sample pretreatment with liquid nitrogen on trans‐resveratrol stability, which results as the key step in avoiding oxygen degradation during solvent extraction. Up to 94% of trans‐resveratrol was recovered using this procedure. Berries and leaves from healthy and symptomatic, esca proper–affected vines collected at two different phenological growth stages were analyzed. Trans‐resveratrol was determined in berry and leaf samples; symptomatic vines always showed a significantly higher amount with respect to healthy vines. The mean concentration of trans‐resveratrol in berries was 0.93 µg/g_dm and 1.92 µg/g_dm at veraison and 1.49 µg/g_dm and 2.72 µg/g_dm at harvest from healthy and symptomatic vines, respectively.     

土壤源热泵在合肥地区规模化应用绩效研究

介绍了土壤源热泵的工作原理,探讨了土壤源热泵空调应用于中央空调系统的设计方法,以及其主要部件地热换热器的埋管方式、结构、管材、运行等特点。选取几种常用的冷热源系统与土壤源热泵系统进行比较,参考合肥地区的能源价格,计算各方案的运行成本,用动态费用年值法评价了各方案的经济性。最后,对土壤源热泵系统的节能减排量进行了分析。     

企业选择SaaS 供应商的决策及实例研究

选择合适的SaaS供应商是很多企业信息化顺利进行的保障．本文建立了合理的SaaS供应商选择评价指标体系及SaaS供应商选择的多层次评估模型,阐述了基于层次分析法综合评估SaaS供应商的过程,并将该方法应用于某一企业,选择出了恰当的SaaS供应商．     

风力机叶片21%相对厚度翼型粗糙敏感性研究

基于变速变桨水平轴风力机,依据动量叶素理论和风力机实例,分析得出了叶片外侧翼型(包括21%相对厚度翼型)在低于额定风速变速运行阶段的粗糙敏感性评价指标为升力系数和升阻比的下降率;提出了根据升、阻力系数对输出功率的作用大小来确定两粗糙敏感性评价指标权重系数的方法,并用实例演示了21%相对厚度翼型粗糙敏感性评判基准的获得;另外,通过正交设计、XFOIL软件几何造型与气动计算和方差分析得出了翼型各几何参数在不同雷诺数下对粗糙敏感性不同评价指标的影响程度和最优组合是不一样的。本文结论可为不同风况下风力机翼型的设计和粗糙敏感性评价提供参考。     

Evaluating fitness by integrating the highest payoff within the neighborhood promotes cooperation in social dilemmas

In this paper, we propose a modified fitness evaluation mechanism, which integrates the environmental factors into the focal player’s fitness calculation, to investigate the evolution of cooperative behaviors in the prisoner’s dilemma game. Here, the fitness of a player is computed by combining the individual raw payoff and the highest payoff within the neighborhood, which is regulated by a single parameter termed as trust level η$\eta$. We show, compared to the traditional version (η=0$\eta =0$), that the cooperation level can be highly enhanced for η>0$\eta >0$. Meanwhile, we illustrate the dynamical evolution of cooperators on the square lattice, and for different defection parameters b$b$ the _FC−K$F_C-K$ curves are utilized to investigate the impact of noise during the strategy updates. Likely, the role of pursuing the highest payoff within the neighborhood also favors the survival of cooperators in the spatial snowdrift game. In addition, the sensibility of knowing the external factors is often not identical for all individuals and we consider the distributed trust level in which η$\eta$ is a distributed parameter, and the results indicate that pursuing the highest payoff in the neighborhood is also inspiring as a consequence of its positive effect on cooperation. The current results are highly instructive for us to further understand the maintenance and emergence of cooperation under the framework of evolutionary game theory.     

Guided plate wave scattering at vertical stiffeners and its effect on source location

This paper examines guided wave transmission characteristics of plate stiffeners and their influence on the performance of acoustic noise source location. The motivation for this work is the detection of air leaks in manned spacecraft. The leaking air is turbulent and generates noise that can be detected by a contact-coupled acoustic array to perform source location and find the air leak. Transmission characteristics of individual integral stiffeners are measured across a frequency range of 50-400 kHz for both high and low aspect-ratio rectangular stiffeners, and comparisons are made to model predictions which display generally good agreement. It is demonstrated that operating in frequency ranges of high plate wave stiffener transmission significantly improves the reliability of noise source location in the plate. A protocol is presented to enable the selection of an optimal frequency range for leak location.