模糊综合评判在学生物理实验技能测评中的应用研究

本文运用模糊综合评判理论,构建了一套综合测评学生物理实验技能的模型与方法,避免了传统的物理实验考试、考核的弊端,提升了物理实验考核的公平、公正和科学性,提高了学生学习大学物理实验课程的兴趣和积极性。     

Shortest paths algorithms: Theory and experimental evaluation

We conduct an extensive computational study of shortest paths algorithms, including some very recent algorithms. We also suggest new algorithms motivated by the experimental results and prove interesting theoretical results suggested by the experimental data. Our computational study is based on several natural problem classes which identify strengths and weaknesses of various algorithms. These problem classes and algorithm implementations form an environment for testing the performance of shortest paths algorithms. The interaction between the experimental evaluation of algorithm behavior and the theoretical analysis of algorithm performance plays an important role in our research. This work was done while Boris V. Cherkassky was visiting Stanford University Computer Science Department and supported by the NSF and Powell Foundation grants mentioned below. Andrew V. Goldberg was supported in part by ONR Young Investigator Award N00014-91-J-1855, NSF Presidential Young Investigator Grant CCR-8858097 with matching funds from AT&T, DEC, and 3M, and a grant from Powell Foundation. Corresponding author. This work was done while Tomasz Radzik was a Postdoctoral Fellow at SORIE, Cornell University, and supported by the National Science Foundation, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the Office of Naval Research, through NSF grant DMS-8920550, and by the Packard Fellowship of éva Tardos.     

高能固体激光系统设计及性能评估

近年来高能固体激光器研究及小型电源技术取得了很大的进展,使得利用电源提供能量的高能激光器在近期的应用成为可望实现的目标.但由于高能激光系统设计复杂,且造价高,需要在激光系统设计制造之前对系统性价比进行优化,并对系统性能进行评估.其中选择激光器主要考虑激光波长位于大气窗口,使得经大气传输后激光能量衰减尽可能小;光学系统设计主要考虑物理光学效应的限制及增加自适应光学系统对大气效应引起的光束畸变进行校正.大气传输与补偿模拟程序可对包括高能激光系统、激光大气传输效应等进行全程数值模拟,从而可在高能激光系统设计制造之前对系统性能进行评估,或对现有高能激光系统性能及其对靶目标的损伤效果进行评估.     

Subjective probability and causality assessment

Serious adverse reactions to a drug usually occur too rarely to be identified in the clinical trials required to demonstrate efficacy before the drug can be put on the market. Instead, they are generally first encountered in the uncontrolled world of everyday clinical practice, and the industrial and national regulatory agencies that are responsible for drug safety must rely for their first indications of a possible drug-adverse event connection on case reports submitted to them by practitioners who observe an occurrence of the event in one of their patients taking the drug. A typical situation in the work of these agencies finds a group of experts assembled around a table reviewing a small series of case reports (perhaps as small as one!) that link a particular drug with a particular type of adverse event. The experts want to determine whether, for each case in their series, the available evidence indicates that the drug caused the adverse event to occur. How are they to proceed? This paper outlines an approach to this problem, based on the use of subjective probability.     

灰色聚类法在三峡库区城市江段水质综合评价中的应用

应用灰色聚类法对三峡库区城市江段13个监测断面水质质量进行综合评价,获得较好的结果,能客观反映三峡库区城市江段质的类别及水体实际污染的状况.通过与模糊综合评价方法进行比较,灰色聚类法具有计算简便的优点,是一种较好的评价方法.     

Adaptive bivariate Chebyshev approximation

We propose an adaptive algorithm which extends Chebyshev series approximation to bivariate functions, on domains which are smooth transformations of a square. The method is tested on functions with different degrees of regularity and on domains with various geometries. We show also an application to the fast evaluation of linear and nonlinear bivariate integral transforms. Work supported by the research project CPDA028291 “Efficient approximation methods for nonlocal discrete transforms” of the University of Padova, and by the GNCS-INdAM.     

Interacting environmental influences: Concepts of synergism,antagonism, and superposition

Since an enormous number of different pollutants is usually simultaneously present in a certain environmental area, it must be expected that interactions between these pollutants may occur frequently. Nevertheless, not very much is known about the combined impact of several pollutants and the environmental policy ignores these effects in defining pollution standards and limits just for single pollutants. Moreover, it is not at all clear how these effects should precisely be described. Starting from definitions of interactions between different environmental influences introduced by Ott [7] and one of the present authors [8], new concepts of synergism (and antagonism and superposition) in a deterministic context will be presented. It is analyzed which properties an environmental quality index has to have in order to describe such interactions.     

基于广义熵的虚拟企业合作伙伴遴选综合评价系统

合作伙伴的评价选择是虚拟企业合作关系运行的基础，合作伙伴的业绩对核心企业的影响越来越大。本在广泛调研的基础上，提出包含评价专家自身权重的广义熵综合评价模型，并结合实例开发出计算机进选支持系统，以辅助盟主企业进行决策。     

影响城市地价最优因素组合的选择及权重确定

笔者在城市土地定级估价综合模型[1] 的基础上 ,应用最优回归自变量集的选择方法[2 ] ,得到了影响城市地价最优因素组合的选择方法及权重的确定方法 ,并将其实际应用于山西省古交市的地产评估 ,结果表明 ,该方法比现行方法节省经费且使评估结果更符合实际。     

信息系统安全风险的属性评估方法

首次将属性理论和属性综合评估模型引入信息系统安全风险的评估领域 ,为信息系统安全风险程度的评估提出了一种新方法 ,对于信息系统安全性的动态管理有着积极的意义 .