南海珠江口盆地工程地质分区与评价

本文根据联合国开发计划署（UNDP）援华项目（CPR/85/044）资料撰写的。划分工程地质区及亚区的目的，在于了解区域工程地质条件的共性与差异性，以求在海洋开发中科学地利用和改造自然。本项研究是在大量地质-地球物理-土工测试基础上进行的，工作扎实，内容丰富，资料准确可靠。根据工程地质条件的相似性与差异性，将珠江口盆地划分为两个大区5个亚区，并研究了各区工程地质特征及主要问题。其中以中陆架混合土亚区工程地质条件最好，外陆架粗粒土亚区工程地质条件较好，上陆坡软土亚区工程地质条件最差，内陆架细粒土亚区和上陆架岩石、礁石亚区工程地质条件较差。本项研究成果为南海海洋开发与总体规划提供了科学依据，同时又促进了海洋工程地质科学的发展。     

Nonlinear Lamb waves in plate/shell structures

鉴于常规超声检测技术对分布式材料细微损伤和接触类结构损伤的检测效果不佳,近年来非线性超声技术逐渐引起广泛关注.超声波在板壳结构中通常以兰姆波的形式进行传播,然而由于兰姆波的频散及多模特性,使得非线性兰姆波的理论和实验研究进展缓慢.本文从经典非线性理论出发,总结了源于材料固有非线性诱发的非线性兰姆波的理论和实验两个方面的研究进展,并综述了兰姆波的二次谐波发生效应在材料损伤评价方面的若干应用;从接触声非线性理论出发,讨论了目前由于接触类结构损伤诱发的非线性兰姆波的研究现状.最后展望了非线性兰姆波的未来研究重点及发展趋势.     

长江三角洲环境地质调查评价GIS管理系统建设初探

长江三角洲是一个人口稠密、经济高度发达的地区 ,该区地质结构复杂、环境地质条件十分脆弱 ,长期以来因过量开采地下水 ,形成大面积区域性水位降落漏斗 ,诱发了相当严重的地面沉降、地裂缝等地质灾害 ,给当地经济可持续发展带来严重威胁。本文从开展长江三角洲环境地质调查评价的现实意义出发 ,探讨了长江三角洲环境地质调查评价GIS管理系统的系统目标、开发模式以及实现步骤 ,概括介绍了系统所应具有的功能 ,为长江三角洲项目信息系统建设提出了一条可行性思路。     

A Micromechanics Study of Lamellar TiAl

Microdeformation patterns of lamellar TiAl specimens with various grain sizes under uniaxial tension are mapped using the micro/nano experimental mechanics technique called SIEM (Speckle Interferometry w ith Electron Microscopy). The stress–strain relationships were obtained from deformations within decreasing areas ranging from mm² to μm². We found that the stress–strain relationship of the material depends on the size of strain measuring area in relation to the grain size. The stiffness at a grain boundary can be as large as 7–10 times more than that of the grain itself. From the data obtained so far, it seems that the traditional way of using PST (polysynthetically twinned) single crystal to predict polycrystalline behavior may not be appropriate.     

Impacts of appearance parameters on perceived image quality for mobile-phone displays

In order to investigate the perceived image quality (IQ) influenced by different image appearance parameters, a psychophysical experiment was carried out on two mobile-phone displays of different technologies, the in-plane switching (IPS) and the active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED). The test images were generated within a wide range of variations by applying various manipulation methods, involving changes in several kinds of image appearance parameters, i.e. lightness, chroma, hue, and spatial frequency. The perceived attributes of naturalness, colourfulness, brightness, contrast, sharpness, clearness, preference, and overall IQ were visually assessed via categorical judgement method for several application types of test images. The impacts of the manipulation methods on individual attributes have been deeply discussed based on the interrelationships of these attributes, which reveal that the significant parameters towards better overall IQ for mobile-phone displays include high lightness, suitable chroma and lightness frequency distribution, and impartial hue, accordingly better image quality will be accomplished after all these parameters have been optimised at the same time. The achievements of this study would provide constructive instructions on achieving excellent display effects for researchers and manufactories of mobile-phone displays.     

基于云重心评估法和熵值法的装备技术状态评估

装备技术状态评估是状态维修的关键环节,对维修决策有重要的支持作用。针对装备的监测信息和历史数据的模糊性和随机性,提出了基于云重心评估法的装备技术状态评估模型。同时,充分利用云理论特征值之一的熵,通过熵值法得到指标权重,避免了主观评价造成的误差。采用加权偏离度最终确定技术状态,构成定性属性值与定量属性值的映射关系。通过实例,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

工业IEEE802.15.4a标准无线网络性能测试设计与实现

Based on IEEE 802.15.4, a short-range wireless transmission technology has been widely used in industry. To evaluate the performance of the industrial wireless networks, a wireless network performance test device is developed and the testing platform is set up. By testing for industrial wireless network control system, such the throughput, packet loss rate of the token cycle, control cycle, as performance indicators are obtained. It provides the powerful basis to improve the performance and evaluation industrial wireless network.     

建立完善物理实验课程成绩考评体系的研究与实践

建立完善的物理实验课程成绩考评体系体现了教学目标,也是对学生学习方法和内容的导向。本文提出以学生具体实验过程作为考核的基本依据,将实验课总成绩分解为单项实验成绩,又将单项实验成绩分解为"过程成绩"和"目标成绩",最终对学生的实验成绩作出科学、公正的评定。     

Application of infrared thermography in computer aided diagnosis

The invention of thermography, in the 1950s, posed a formidable problem to the research community: What is the relationship between disease and heat radiation captured with Infrared (IR) cameras? The research community responded with a continuous effort to find this crucial relationship. This effort was aided by advances in processing techniques, improved sensitivity and spatial resolution of thermal sensors. However, despite this progress fundamental issues with this imaging modality still remain. The main problem is that the link between disease and heat radiation is complex and in many cases even non-linear. Furthermore, the change in heat radiation as well as the change in radiation pattern, which indicate disease, is minute. On a technical level, this poses high requirements on image capturing and processing. On a more abstract level, these problems lead to inter-observer variability and on an even more abstract level they lead to a lack of trust in this imaging modality. In this review, we adopt the position that these problems can only be solved through a strict application of scientific principles and objective performance assessment. Computing machinery is inherently objective; this helps us to apply scientific principles in a transparent way and to assess the performance results. As a consequence, we aim to promote thermography based Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems. Another benefit of CAD systems comes from the fact that the diagnostic accuracy is linked to the capability of the computing machinery and, in general, computers become ever more potent. We predict that a pervasive application of computers and networking technology in medicine will help us to overcome the shortcomings of any single imaging modality and this will pave the way for integrated health care systems which maximize the quality of patient care.     

基于评价函数的光电定焦方法研究

以CCD和透镜作为光学成像系统,并以高斯公式作为基本测量原理,提出了基于定焦评价函数的图像处理方法来寻找光学系统的最清晰像面位置,以实现光学系统的自动定焦。实验选用了绝对方差函数、梯度向量模函数、梯度向量平方函数三种评价函数进行了验证,经过逐次逼近,确定出最清晰的像面位置。实验数据显示,定焦精度可达0．01mm。