Quantitative Mitochondrial Proteomics Study on Protective Mechanism of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extracts Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Heart Injury in Rat

Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury is a critical condition, often associated with high morbidity and mortality. The cardioprotective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts(GSPE) against oxidant injury during I/R has been described in previous studies. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the effect of GSPE on reperfusion arrhythmias especially ventricular tachycardia(VT) and ventricular fibrillation(VF), the lactic acid accumulation and the ultrastructure of ischemic cardiomyocytes as well as the global changes of mitochondria proteins in in vivo rat heart model against I/R injury. GSPE significantly reduced the incidence of VF and VT, lessened the lactic acid accumulation and attenuated the ultrastructure damage. Twenty differential proteins related to cardiac protection were revealed by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ) profiling. These proteins were mainly involved in energy metabolism. Besides, monoamine oxidase A(MAOA) was also identified. The differential expression of several proteins was validated by Western blot. Our study offered important information on the mechanism of GSPE treatment in ischemic heart disease.     

某幼儿园中班小儿生长发育情况调查分析

为了解幼儿园中班小儿生长发育状况以指导小儿营养状况评价,对幼儿园中班(5.6±0.6)岁小儿的身高、坐高、体质量、胸围、头围和上臂围等指标进行了测量,并与国内常模组小儿的生长发育指标进行了比较。结果表明,幼儿园中班男童的体质量大于国内常模组男童的体质量,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);女童的胸围小于国内常模组女童胸围,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);其它生长发育指标与国内常模组小儿比较无显著性差异。提示该幼儿园中班男童有营养过足的问题,女童的胸围较国内常模组女童胸围小,故呈“豆芽型”。     

广州市生长不良儿童膳食结构和TE模式的研究

研究了广州市生长不良儿童的膳食结构和TE模式，建议将主食稻米改为防癌营养米．     

儿童血铅与其它微量元素水平的关系

为探讨儿童血铅与血锌、铁、铜、钙、锰含量的相互消长关系 ,利用多元线性回归分析对 2 1 72名儿童的血微量元素及血铅进行了分析。结果显示 ,被调查儿童中 47 5 6%的儿童血铅升高 ,全部呈轻 中度升高 ( 0 1 0～ 0 44μg/mL) ;钙、铁、锰对血铅值的倒数 (PB1)的作用显著 (P<0 0 1 ) ,但相关并不密切 ,偏相关系数分别为 -0 0 79,0 0 7,0 0 6;血钙与血锌、铜之间有明显的交互作用 ,儿童体内血钙对血铅的影响依赖于血铜、锌的含量 ;血铁和锰含量与PB1呈正相关 ,即与血铅水平呈负相关 ,两者的部分作用又被它们之间的交互作用所减弱。结果提示 ,轻 中度铅中毒仍是城市儿童中普遍存在的一个重要问题 ,除了控制铅污染源外 ,还要注意适当补充铁剂 ,合理饮食以保持机体内钙锰等各种微量元素间的平衡也是重要的防治措施。     

小剂量红霉素治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的临床观察

目的探讨小剂量红霉素治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的临床效果。方法抽取2014年3月至2015年2月在广东省清远市佛冈县人民医院就诊的150例喂养不耐受的早产儿作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各75例,对照组患者采用常规治疗,观察组患者在常规治疗的基础上配合小剂量红霉素治疗,对比两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组患儿的治疗有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05),差异有统计学意义;观察组患儿的不良反应发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论喂养不耐受的早产儿采用小剂量红霉素治疗可以有效促进胃肠动力,改善早产儿喂养不耐受,治疗效果显著,值得广泛应用于临床。     

气相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方谷粉中的碘

建立婴幼儿配方谷粉中碘的气相色谱定量分析方法。样品经α-淀粉酶水解,利用乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾作为沉淀剂将样品中的蛋白质除去,在硫酸环境中把碘离子氧化成碘,碘与丁酮反应生成3-碘代-2-丁酮,用正己烷萃取,气相色谱法定量检测。碘的含量在0.04~0.48μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.998 2,方法的检出限为90μg/kg。测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.49%(n=6),样品加标回收率为86.2%~95.6%。该方法具有较高灵敏度和准确度,适用于婴幼儿配方谷粉中碘含量的检测。     

An improved pseudotargeted metabolomics approach using multiple ion monitoring with time-staggered ion lists based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Pseudotargeted metabolomics is a novel strategy integrating the advantages of both untargeted and targeted methods. The conventional pseudotargeted metabolomics required two MS instruments, i.e., ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time- of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF MS) and UHPLC/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QQQ-MS), which makes method transformation inevitable. Furthermore, the picking of ion pairs from thousands of candidates and the swapping of the data between two instruments are the most labor-intensive steps, which greatly limit its application in metabolomic analysis. In the present study, we proposed an improved pseudotargeted metabolomics method that could be achieved on an UHPLC/Q-TOF/MS instrument operated in the multiple ion monitoring (MIM) mode with time-staggered ion lists (tsMIM). Full scan-based untargeted analysis was applied to extract the target ions. After peak alignment and ion fusion, a stepwise ion picking procedure was used to generate the ion lists for subsequent single MIM and tsMIM. The UHPLC/Q-TOF tsMIM MS-based pseudotargeted approach exhibited better repeatability and a wider linear range than the UHPLC/Q-TOF MS-based untargeted metabolomics method. Compared to the single MIM mode, the tsMIM significantly increased the coverage of the metabolites detected. The newly developed method was successfully applied to discover plasma biomarkers for alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, which indicated its practicability and great potential in future metabolomics studies.     

Detection of Oxidative Stress Induced by Nanomaterials in Cells—The Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and Glutathione

The potential of nanomaterials use is huge, especially in fields such as medicine or industry. Due to widespread use of nanomaterials, their cytotoxicity and involvement in cellular pathways ought to be evaluated in detail. Nanomaterials can induce the production of a number of substances in cells, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), participating in physiological and pathological cellular processes. These highly reactive substances include: superoxide, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide. For overall assessment, there are a number of fluorescent probes in particular that are very specific and selective for given ROS. In addition, due to the involvement of ROS in a number of cellular signaling pathways, understanding the principle of ROS production induced by nanomaterials is very important. For defense, the cells have a number of reparative and especially antioxidant mechanisms. One of the most potent antioxidants is a tripeptide glutathione. Thus, the glutathione depletion can be a characteristic manifestation of harmful effects caused by the prooxidative-acting of nanomaterials in cells. For these reasons, here we would like to provide a review on the current knowledge of ROS-mediated cellular nanotoxicity manifesting as glutathione depletion, including an overview of approaches for the detection of ROS levels in cells.     

东莞市石碣镇幼儿园儿童发铅水平调查分析

报道了东莞市石碣镇 969名 2～ 6岁幼儿园入托儿童发铅含量的调查分析。结果显示 ,石碣镇幼儿园 2～ 6岁儿童发铅含量为 ( 1 0 51± 3 0 0 )× 1 0 - 6 ,儿童发铅≥ 1 0 0× 1 0 - 6 者占调查人数的 63 88% ;男、女童之间发铅水平无特别显著差异 ,但两者的高发铅比率有明显差异 ;5岁前后的儿童在发铅水平及高发铅比率方面均存在显著差异。通过发铅检测 ,可早期发现高发铅儿童 ,并及时采用干预措施 ,对预防儿童铅中毒是非常重要的     

用改进的Dukett's手术治疗小儿尿道下裂

通过 5例小儿尿道下裂病例 ,用 Dukett's手术方式治疗 ,并作适当的改进 ,效果良好 .具体措施是 :1.重建舟状窝 ,扩大尿道出口 ,减少排尿阻力 .2 .皮管与尿道斜吻合 ,增大吻合面 ,减少了吻合口狭窄的发生 .