某幼儿园中班小儿生长发育情况调查分析

为了解幼儿园中班小儿生长发育状况以指导小儿营养状况评价,对幼儿园中班(5.6±0.6)岁小儿的身高、坐高、体质量、胸围、头围和上臂围等指标进行了测量,并与国内常模组小儿的生长发育指标进行了比较。结果表明,幼儿园中班男童的体质量大于国内常模组男童的体质量,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);女童的胸围小于国内常模组女童胸围,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);其它生长发育指标与国内常模组小儿比较无显著性差异。提示该幼儿园中班男童有营养过足的问题,女童的胸围较国内常模组女童胸围小,故呈“豆芽型”。     

趣味性和益智性化学小实验在幼儿科学启蒙教育中的运用

幼儿科学教育融入化学小实验对于推动幼儿科学教育完整化具有非常重要的意义,基于此想法,吉林师范大学化学学院与吉林师范大学附属幼儿园合作,开展了题为“我是小小魔法师”的主题课程,给幼儿园的孩子们设计了系列趣味性和益智性化学小实验,这些小实验受到了幼儿园小朋友的喜爱,获得了良好的教学效果。     

深圳市社会福利中心人群及同龄社会人群6种元素营养分析

为探讨深圳市社会福利中心(福利院)收养人群的微量元素营养状况,给防治微量元素失衡提供科学依据,分析了该中心人群和同龄社会人群6种元素营养状况。结果表明,福利中心儿童、老人及同龄社会人群头发中的钙均低于正常,尤其以幼儿组(2~7岁)更加明显;福利中心老人组(60岁以上)头发中三种与骨骼有关必需元素钙、铜、锰均低于正常或偏低;福利中心三个组的锌、铁含量正常,铜低于正常。     

哈尔滨市平房区碘缺乏病的自我考评结果分析

对哈尔滨市平房区7～10岁学龄儿童尿碘、甲状腺肿及用户碘盐进行调查，其结果为：尿碘中位数为315μg／L，＜50μg／L者占5．7％，＜100μg／L者占10．6％；甲状腺肿大率为21．80％；盐碘中位数为46．4×10-6，＜20×10－6者占3．9％，按照WHO、UNICEF、ICCIDD三个国际组织提供的考核评估标准，尿碘、盐碘水平已达标，但甲状腺肿大率未达标。     

广州市生长不良儿童膳食结构和TE模式的研究

研究了广州市生长不良儿童的膳食结构和TE模式，建议将主食稻米改为防癌营养米．     

广州市0～6岁儿童血铅水平调查分析

为了解广州市0~6岁儿童血铅水平现状,用原子吸收光谱法对广州市1 215名0~6岁儿童进行了血铅检测,并对被检测儿童家长发放调查问卷,进行了儿童个人情况及家庭生活环境等调查。结果表明,1 215名儿童血铅水平为(59.19±28.37)μg/L,儿童铅超标[诊断标准为ρ(血Pb)≥100μg/L]的比例是16.7%,高于15个城市儿童铅超标(流行率为10.45%)的平均水平:随着年龄增大,儿童铅超标率呈上升趋势。提示广州市虽然属于低污染的城市,但儿童血铅水平、铅超标比例仍较高,应引起有关部门的注意。     

An improved pseudotargeted metabolomics approach using multiple ion monitoring with time-staggered ion lists based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Pseudotargeted metabolomics is a novel strategy integrating the advantages of both untargeted and targeted methods. The conventional pseudotargeted metabolomics required two MS instruments, i.e., ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time- of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF MS) and UHPLC/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QQQ-MS), which makes method transformation inevitable. Furthermore, the picking of ion pairs from thousands of candidates and the swapping of the data between two instruments are the most labor-intensive steps, which greatly limit its application in metabolomic analysis. In the present study, we proposed an improved pseudotargeted metabolomics method that could be achieved on an UHPLC/Q-TOF/MS instrument operated in the multiple ion monitoring (MIM) mode with time-staggered ion lists (tsMIM). Full scan-based untargeted analysis was applied to extract the target ions. After peak alignment and ion fusion, a stepwise ion picking procedure was used to generate the ion lists for subsequent single MIM and tsMIM. The UHPLC/Q-TOF tsMIM MS-based pseudotargeted approach exhibited better repeatability and a wider linear range than the UHPLC/Q-TOF MS-based untargeted metabolomics method. Compared to the single MIM mode, the tsMIM significantly increased the coverage of the metabolites detected. The newly developed method was successfully applied to discover plasma biomarkers for alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, which indicated its practicability and great potential in future metabolomics studies.     

气相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方谷粉中的碘

建立婴幼儿配方谷粉中碘的气相色谱定量分析方法。样品经α-淀粉酶水解,利用乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾作为沉淀剂将样品中的蛋白质除去,在硫酸环境中把碘离子氧化成碘,碘与丁酮反应生成3-碘代-2-丁酮,用正己烷萃取,气相色谱法定量检测。碘的含量在0.04~0.48μg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.998 2,方法的检出限为90μg/kg。测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.49%(n=6),样品加标回收率为86.2%~95.6%。该方法具有较高灵敏度和准确度,适用于婴幼儿配方谷粉中碘含量的检测。     

重型颅脑损伤并发急性肺损伤的危险因素分析

目的 揭示重型颅脑损伤（STBI）并发急性肺损伤（ALI）的危险因素。方法 收集145 例STB1患者，记录性别、年 龄、ALI、格拉斯哥昏迷（GCS）评分、瞳孔散大等资料，检测血浆D- 二聚体、C- 反应蛋白（CRP）和纤维蛋白原浓度，统计分析ALT 发生的危险因素。结果 二分类logistic回归分析显示，GCS 评分及血浆CRP 浓度是STBI 并发ALI 的独立危险因素。ROC 曲线分析显示，GCS 评分及血浆CRP 浓度可显著预测STBI并发ALI。结论 GCS 评分及血浆CRP 浓度可独立预测STBI 并发ALI。     

Pulmonary protective effects of ultrasonic green synthesis of gold nanoparticles mediated by pectin on Methotrexate-induced acute lung injury in lung BEAS-2B,WI-38, CCD-19Lu,IMR-90, MRC-5, and HEL 299 cell lines

Regarding applicative, facile, green chemical research, a bio-inspired approach is being reported for the synthesis of Au nanoparticles by pectin (PEC) as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent without using any toxic and harmful reagent under ultrasonic condition. The biosynthesized Au NPs@PEC were characterized by advanced physicochemical techniques like ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) study. It has been established that pectin-stabilized Au nanoparticles have a spherical shape with a mean diameter from 5 to 10 nm. In the medicinal part of the present research, the lung BEAS-2B, WI-38, CCD-19Lu, IMR-90, MRC-5, and HEL 299 cell viability was determined by trypan blue assay. The caspase activity colorimetric assay kit and Rhodamine123 fluorescence dye were used to determine the caspase-3 activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. Apoptosis and DNA fragmentation were determined by the TUNEL test. Also, the inflammatory cytokines concentrations were evaluated by the Rat inflammatory cytokine assay kit. Au NPs@PEC-treated cell cutlers decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.01) the caspase-3 activity, inflammatory cytokines concentrations, and DNA fragmentation, and enhanced the mitochondrial membrane potential and cell viability in the high concentration of Methotrexate-treated lung BEAS-2B, WI-38, CCD-19Lu, IMR-90, MRC-5, and HEL 299 cells. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of Au NPs@PEC nanocomposite and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 203 and 181 µg/mL, respectively. Finally, Au NPs@PEC may be used as a pulmonary protective supplement to treat acute lung injury.