Effect of high-temperature buffer thickness on quality of AlN epilayer grown on sapphire substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

The effect of an initially grown high-temperature AlN buffer (HT-AlN) layer's thickness on the quality of an AlN epilayer grown on sapphire substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) in a two-step growth process is investigated. The characteristics of AlN epilayers are analyzed by using triple-axis crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is shown that the crystal quality of the AlN epilayer is closely related to its correlation length. The correlation length is determined by the thickness of the initially grown HT-AlN buffer layer. We find that the optimal HT-AlN buffer thickness for obtaining a high-quality AlN epilayer grown on sapphire substrate is about 20 nm.     

TFTTP作为阴极缓冲层提高有机薄膜太阳能电池的内建电场和载流子收集效率

采用一种新型的电子传输材料TFTTP作为阴极缓冲层提高基于SubPc/C60异质结的有机薄膜太阳能电池的性能. 通过在有机活性层和金属电极之间加入TFTTP界面层,器件的能量转换效率提高了约30%. 系统研究了器件的二极管特性、光电流特性以及内部的光场分布情况,结果表明,TFTTP阴极缓冲层的引入可以有效地提高器件的内建电场,进而增加电荷转移激子的分离效率. 通过使用TFTTP作为阴极缓冲层,在C60/金属界面形成良好的欧姆接触,降低了界面接触电阻,有利于自由载流子的收集.     

Inverted Organic Solar Cells with Improved Performance using Varied Cathode Bu?er Layers

Organic solar cells with inverted planar heterojunction structure based on subphthalocya-nine and C₆₀ were fabricated using several kinds of materials as cathode buffer layer (CBL), including tris-8-hydroxy-quinolinato aluminum (Al_q3), bathophenanthroline (Bphen), bathocuproine, 2,3,8,9,14,15-hexakis-dodecyl-sulfanyl-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATNA), and an inorganic compound of Cs₂CO₃. The influence of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level and the electron mobility of organic CBL on the solar cells perfor-mance was compared. The results showed that Al_q3, Bphen, and HATNA could significantly improve the device performance. The highest efficiency was obtained from device with an-nealed HATNA as CBL and increased for more than 7 times compared with device without CBL. Furthermore, the simulation results with space charge-limited current theory indicated that the Schottky barrier at the organic/electrode interface in inverted OSC structure was reduced for 27% by inserting HATNA CBL.     

Pulsed laser deposited Er,Yb:YVO4 waveguiding films on MgO/Si substrates

Erbium, and erbium and ytterbium co-doped YVO₄ waveguiding films were deposited on MgO/Si substrates by PLD. The samples were post-annealed at two different temperatures in air atmosphere. The influence on the crystalline structure and waveguiding properties of the films at these annealing temperatures for two dopant concentrations was investigated. Layers annealed up to 900 °C are polycrystalline. The dominant fraction of YVO₄ crystallites exhibited preferred orientation of the (0 0 1) zone axes parallel to the substrate surface. The polycrystalline samples show difference in the refractive indexes Δn (Δn = n_TE − n_TM) for TE and TM polarizations.     

时隙光分组交换网络中一种新的光缓存优化配置方案

研究了时隙光分组交换网中的光缓存配置方案,针对反馈共享式缓存结构,通过对传统的连续分布式光缓存结构中不同延迟粒度的光缓存丢包的分布情况仿真结果研究,发现在传统的连续分布式光缓存结构中,丢包主要发生在小粒度的光缓存上,为此,提出通过适当增加小粒度的光缓存的方法,达到有效地降低丢包率,仿真结果显示,这种光缓存方案可以明显降低节点的丢包率.     

1-(d-Glucopyranosyl-2′-deoxy-2′-iminomethyl)-2-hydroxynaphthalene as chemo-sensor for Fe in aqueous HEPES buffer based on colour changes observable with the naked eye

A new glucose-based C2-derivatized colorimetric chemo-sensor (L₁) has been synthesized by a one-step condensation of glucosamine and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde for the recognition of transition metal ions. Among the eleven metal ions studied, viz., Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Hg²⁺, L₁ results in visual colour change only in the presence of Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺and Cu²⁺ in methanol. However, in an aqueous HEPES buffer (pH 7.2) it is only the Fe³⁺ that gives a distinct visual colour change even in the presence of other metal ions, up to a concentration of 280 ppb. The changes have been explained based on the complex formed, and the composition has been determined to be 2:1 between L₁ and Fe³⁺ based on Job’s plot as well as ESI MS. The structure of the proposed complex has been derived based on HF/6-31G calculations.     

In-capillary determination of creatinine with electrophoretically mediated microanalysis: Characterization of the effects of reagent zone and buffer conditions

Previous work has demonstrated proof-of-concept for carrying out the clinically useful Jaffe reaction between creatinine and picrate within a capillary tube using electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA). Here, it is shown that careful control of reagent plug length as well as concentration and pH of the background electrolyte (BGE) can result in a marked improvement in the sensitivity of this assay. Increasing the length of the picrate reagent zone is shown to give rise to as much as a 3–4-fold enhancement, and increasing the concentration and/or pH of the borate buffer also results in an additional, albeit modest, improvement in sensitivity. Interestingly, borate BGE concentrations approaching 100 mM give rise to an unexplained drop in reaction efficiency, an effect which can be avoided by utilizing lower borate concentration with higher pH. The improvements appear to primarily minimize electrodispersion of the picrate reagent, allowing higher picrate concentration in the reaction zone. The same conditions also appear to minimize the electrodispersion of the in-line product as well. With optimized EMMA parameters, the sensitivity of the in-line Jaffe chemistry can be enhanced to an extent that there is no need for the two capillary “high sensitivity” detection system required in previous work. Using optimized conditions, three different human serum samples spanning the expected clinical range of creatinine concentrations were successfully analyzed. Overall, this work illustrates the importance of systematically characterizing the conditions under which EMMA analyses are carried out.     

血液中的缓冲系教学探讨

以长沙医学院临床医学专业大一学生为教学对象,在血液中的缓冲系的教学过程中采用"4个问题为中心"的教学方法,问题有医学知识延伸,层次分明。结果表明,学生更主动参与课堂的问题回答和讨论,提高了学习效果,为他们医学后续课程中酸碱平衡紊乱及诊断的学习打下了坚实基础。     

缓冲层对溶胶凝胶制备ZnO∶ Sn薄膜性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶旋涂法,在石英衬底上引入缓冲层制备ZnO∶Sn薄膜.利用四探针电阻率测试仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光致发光(PL)谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)等测试手段对薄膜的微观结构和光电性能进行表征.结果表明:所制样品均呈现六角纤锌矿晶体结构并沿C轴择优生长,薄膜的结晶质量和光电性能达到改善,适当厚度的缓冲层可以有效缓解薄膜和衬底间的晶格失配.随着缓冲层厚度的增加,薄膜的电导率以及在可见光范围的透过率先增大后减小.制备两层缓冲层薄膜性能最优,电阻率达到9.5×10-3 Ω·cm,可见光波段的平均透过率为91;.     

ATON型Hall推力器缓冲区预电离问题研究

ATON是20世纪90年代新提出的一种Hall推力器设计方案,其中的缓冲区是ATON新采用的一种结构.本文对缓冲区的作用进行分析,在此基础上提出了采用附加电源提高缓冲区预电离率的方法.并采用PIC(Particle-in-cell)粒子模拟方法对这种设计方式的等离子体分布进行数值模拟.结果表明,通过增加缓冲区内的附加电压,能够有效地提高缓冲区预电离率.