Simple and Efficient Purification Protocol of 9-(Trifluoroacetyl)anthracene from Anthracene

A protocol has been developed to purify 9-(trifluoroacetyl)anthracene from anthracene, the major impurity associated in its synthesis. The protocol utilizes a chemoselective thermal Diels–Alder reaction, employing maleic anhydride as the dienophile. The resulting Diels–Alder adduct can then be removed by extractive workup followed by recrystallization to give 9-(trifluoroacetyl)anthracene with ≥99% chemical purity.     

航天相机热实验测试系统设计

为了检测航天相机在高低温环境中的电子学性能及可靠性,针对某型号航天相机地面热实验测试需求,设计开发出了一种热实验测试系统,详细介绍了系统的软硬件设计方案及控温策略。系统使用人机交互界面实现热控策略,能实时完成最高80个测试点(160个温度传感器及80路加热器)的控温任务,可以在－30℃～＋50℃范围内对航天相机进行全方位的温度监控,最高控温精度达到0.5℃。经过实际测试验证,系统具有很好的稳定性,能满足航天相机地面热实验的测试需求,工程应用价值高。     

A novel strategy to the synthesis of 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives

A novel approach to prepare 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives based on the transformation of indoline-2,3-dione to formamidine was developed. The processes with this approach are simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly. The efficiency of this approach was evaluated by synthesizing 17 4-anilinoquinazolines and comparing the obtained yields with those achievable through conventional synthetic methods. It was the first time that compounds 8d, 8e, 8h, and 13b–f were synthesized. The characteristics of the IR and the UV spectra of these compounds and the effects of their substituents on the spectra were observed.     

国内外近30年“电化学”主题概念测查研究进展*

梳理了国内外1990-2020年核心期刊文献中对学生电化学主题概念测评的实证研究,主要涵盖学生电化学概念理解水平以及影响因素等方面。据此探讨其对化学教师教学实施以及国内外化学教育实证研究的启示,以期为中学化学教学及后续研究提供有益参考。     

国内外“物质的量”主题教学研究现状述评

分别以“Web of Science”与“中国知网”数据库为检索源,对2000—2020年间国内外“物质的量”主题研究论文进行检索,根据论文的研究内容进行分类归纳。研究表明:目前“物质的量”主题教学研究主要涉及:概念历史考量、教材研究、教师发展、学生认知与教学策略研究等5个方面。通过探析国内外的相关研究成果,以期为国内相关研究与实践提供有益借鉴。     

钠离子电池用高性能锑基负极材料的调控策略研究进展

锑(Sb)具有高的理论比容量、较小的电极极化、合适的Na⁺脱嵌电位、价格低廉以及环境友好的优势,而成为一种具有较大应用前景的钠离子电池负极材料。但是,Sb基负极材料的一个重要挑战是在循环过程中高比容量伴随着大的体积变化,进而导致活性材料粉化,并从集流体上脱落,这大大限制了其在钠离子电池领域的大规模应用。因此,如何解决Sb基负极材料充放电过程中体积膨胀问题对于高性能的钠离子电池设计是至关重要的。本文详细综述和讨论了Sb基材料的结构-性能关系及其在钠离子电池中的应用,详细介绍了钠离子电池Sb基负极材料在氧化还原反应机理、形貌设计、结构-性能关系等方面的最新研究进展。本综述的主要目的是探讨影响Sb基负极材料性能的决定因素,从而提出有前途的改性策略,以提高其可逆容量和循环稳定性。最后,对Sb基钠离子电池负极材料的未来发展、面临的挑战和前景进行了展望。本文可为Sb负极材料的构建和优化提供具体的观点,阐明了Sb基负极材料未来的发展方向,从而促进钠离子电池的快速发展和实际应用。     

大学有机化学“五维度”教学新策略——以“芳烃的亲电取代和亲核取代反应”为例

介绍了大学有机化学“强理念、重思维、活课堂、共育人、乐钻研”五维度教学新策略的内涵与实践。以线下教学为主,腾讯会议和慕课为辅助,践行“有机化学是科学也是艺术”的教学理念;采用多循环“疑探式”教学方式,辨析亲电试剂和亲核试剂的多样性;注重培养学生多种科学思维的综合运用;强化“文献预习”“练习讲解”“综合作业”“师生互动”等多个教学环节,加深学生对知识的理解与应用,提升学生在课堂中的参与度,着重培养学生的科学思维和人文素养、自主学习与团队合作精神。     

金属草酸盐基负极材料——离子电池储能材料的新选择

商业化锂离子电池石墨负极和锂盐过渡金属氧化物正极材料的储锂容量都已接近各自的理论值,探索下一代高能量密度电极材料是解决现阶段锂离子电池容量限制的关键。近年来,新型金属草酸基负极材料,借助其在金属离子电池中多元化储能机制诱发的较高储能效应在碱金属离子电池绿色储能材料领域备受关注。本文就金属草酸基材料在锂、钠、钾金属离子电池方面的最新研究进行了综述,着重介绍了材料的晶型结构、多元化储能机制及储能过程中的动力学特征,简单阐述了材料在电化学储能中存在的问题,分析了金属草酸基负极材料在形貌晶型控制、界面碳复合改性和金属元素掺杂方面的改性策略。最后,预测了金属草酸基负极材料在碱金属离子电池体系的发展方向。     

A sensitive and selective HPLC–MS3 method for therapeutic drug monitoring of meropenem and its validation by comparison with HPLC–MS2 methods

Meropenem, a representative β-lactam antibiotic, is widely used to treat complicated and serious infections. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the plasma drug concentration for individualized antimicrobial therapy. This study first describes the development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry cubed method for monitoring meropenem in human plasma. Protein precipitation with methanol and a chromatographic analysis time of 7 min make this method simple and of high throughput. Meropenem was extracted from human plasma with recoveries >94.1%. Calibration curves were linear (R² > 0.995) in the concentration range of 0.5–50 μg/mL. Overall accuracy and precision did not exceed 8.0% as well as no significant matrix effect was observed. The novelty of this method is that the triple-stage mass spectrometry technology improves the selectivity and sensitivity. A comparison of the presented method and traditional liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was assessed in 44 patients treated with meropenem and Passing–Bablok regression coefficients and Bland–Altman plots showed that no significant difference between the two methods. So the triple-stage mass spectrometry method developed in this study is appropriate and practical for the monitor of meropenem in the daily clinical laboratory practice.     

Theranostic Approach for the Protein Corona of Polysaccharide Nanoparticles

Polysaccharide nanoparticles are promising materials in the wide range of disciplines such as medicine, nutrition, food production, agriculture, material science and others. They excel not only in their non‐toxicity and biodegradability but also in their easy preparation. As well as inorganic particles, a protein corona (PC) around polysaccharide nanoparticles is formed in biofluids. Moreover, it has been considered that the overall response of the organism to nanoparticles presence depends on the PC. This review summarises scientific publications about the structural chemistry of polysaccharide nanoparticles and their impact on theranostic applications. Three strategies of implementation of the PC in theranostics have been discussed: I) Utilisation of the PC in therapy; II) How the composition of the PC is analysed for specific disease markers; III) How the formed PC can interact with the immune system and enhances the immunomodulation or immunoelimination. Thus, the findings from this review can contribute to improve the design of drug delivery systems. However, it is still necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of nano‐bio interactions and discover new connections in nanoscale research.