A Mechanical Model for Analyzing the Runaway Solutions in the Radiation Reaction Problem

In order to understand the rise of runaway solutions in the radiation reaction problem a mechanical model is used. An alternative demonstration of Daboul’s theorem, through Hurwitz’s criterion, is given. The origin of runaway solutions in electrodynamics is discussed. They arise when the particle has a negative mechanical mass or when approximations are used in the equation of motion. In the 1-dimensional mechanical model an exact and linear equation of motion for the particle is obtained, the corresponding exact solution is again runaway when the mechanical mass is negative. The exact solution is not runaway when the mechanical mass is positive. However, the use of approximations leads to an equation of motion which has runaway solutions. It is exhibited that the use of approximations in the 3-dimensional mechanical model is completely necessary because the general equation of motion for the particle is non-linear. The analysis of this case proceeds in a very similar way to the one carried out in electrodynamics. This means that the number of dimensions also plays an important role in the analysis.     

Hidden symmetry of hyperbolic monopole motion

Hyperbolic monopole motion is studied for well separated monopoles. It is shown that the motion of a hyperbolic monopole in the presence of one or more fixed monopoles is equivalent to geodesic motion on a particular submanifold of the full moduli space. The metric on this submanifold is found to be a generalisation of the multi-centre Taub-NUT metric introduced by LeBrun. The one centre case is analysed in detail as a special case of a class of systems admitting a conserved Runge–Lenz vector. The two centre problem is also considered. An integrable classical string motion is exhibited.     

基于泰勒展开的二阶层次分析法初探

经典AHP常用于武器装备效能或能力评估,然而经典AHP采用线性加权模型,即通过底层指标效能线性加权得到顶层指标效能,对非线性体系往往会引入较大评估误差,易产生决策性错误。为解决这一问题,本文以底层指标效能值等于1/2为展开点,给出基于泰勒展开的二阶加权模型,对线性体系,二阶加权模型可退化为经典线性加权模型;推导出二阶AHP的数学表达式,给出二阶AHP效能评估步骤,构建二阶AHP的基本框架。算例表明,二阶AHP评估结果相比经典AHP更接近于解析解,产生决策性错误的机率远小于经典AHP。     

The initial value problems of first order impulsive differential equations in Banach spaces

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎ［１］ｔｈｅｅｘｉｓｔｅｎｃｅａｎｄｉｔｅｒａｔｉｖｅａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｍｉｎｉｍａｘｑｕａｓｉ＿ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇＩＶＰ（＊）ｏｆｆｉｒｓｔｏｒｄｅｒｉｍｐｕｌｓｉｖｅｄｉｆｆｅ...     

An Improvement of IAP OGCM for the Pacific Ocean Circulation and Its Simulated Results

Based on the oceanic CCM with standard stratification subtraction but without the rigid-lid approximation designed in Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP OGCM) and its numerical modelings for the large-scale ocean circulation, a numerical model for the Pacific Ocean is developed with higher resolution (2.5°×2° in the longitude and latitude, 8 layers in the vertical),the realistic coastline geometry,the smoothed bottom topography and the Richardson number dependent vertical mixing parameterization.The splitting time integration scheme of the barotropic and baroclinic modes is adopted in the model. The numerical simulation under the annual mean atmospheric forcing shows that the model performance is improved substantially compared with the previous low resolution version.This free surface model,in particular, successfully simulates the well-known ridge-trough structure in the sea level, i.e. the equatorial trough, the equatorial ridge near 3°N, the north countercurrent trough between 8°N and 10°N,     

Modelling of the Phase Separation Behaviour of Semiflexible Diblock Copolymers

Silver salts are dissolved in poly(butyl methacrylate) to derive polymer electrolytes via coordinative interaction between the silver ion and the carbonyl oxygen atom. The dissolved silver ions react subsequently with propylene to form reversible silver/olefin complexes that can be utilized as olefin carriers for facilitated olefin transport. The complexation behavior and its effects on propylene transport were investigated by means of Raman and FT‐IR spectroscopy, as well as dielectric thermal analysis.     

On euclidean domains

We consider Euclidean domains and their groups of units. Let K(a,b) be the set of remainders in the division of a by b. If Card K(a,b) = 1 for any a and b from a Euclidean domain R, then R is known to be isomorphic to the ring of polynomials over some field, see [4], [5]. On the other hand, the condition Card K(a,b) = 2 for any a and b implies that R is isomorphic to the ring Z of integers, see [2]. We give characterization of Euclidean domains and their groups of units under some other conditions on K(a,b).     

Effect of silver doping on the structure and phase separation of sulfur-rich As–S glasses: Raman and SEM studies

We report on the structural details and microphase separation of the bulk glasses Ag_x·(As₃₃S₆₇)_100-x for 0x25. Glass–glass phase separation occurs over a wide range of Ag content, i.e. 4x20. An off-resonant polarized Raman spectroscopic study has been carried out to elucidate structural aspects at the short- and medium-range structural order of the glasses. Analysis of Raman spectra revealed quantitative changes of the sulfur-rich microenvironments that reduce upon adding Ag. Scanning electron microscopy combined with X-rays microanalysis have been utilized to examine the type and extent of phase separation, and to provide quantitative details on the atomic concentrations in the Ag-poor and Ag-rich phases. It has been shown that at 7 at.% Ag the Ag-rich phase percolates through the structure; this effect can be associated with an ionic-to-superionic behavior of these glasses in accordance with similar studies on the stoichiometric arsenic sulfide glass; although the phase separation observed in the present glasses is qualitatively different.     

一种新的实时相关极值匹配算法设计与仿真

对传统相关极值匹配算法局限性进行了分析,并利用二维高斯样条函数张量积方法对局部重力异常离散格网基准图进行逼近以获取该局部基准图的连续解析表达式,在此基础上对相关极值匹配算法进行重新建模并采用拟牛顿BFGS非线性寻优方法对该模型进行解算。考虑到相关极值算法存在实时性差的缺点,采用固定初始序列长度的方式对初始序列采样结构进行改善,推导出了刚性变换中心从序列质心到原点的转换公式,最终完成能够实现单点迭代的基于局部重力异常基准图实时相关极值匹配算法设计,该匹配算法突破了传统离散匹配算法受限于基准图分辨率的局限。最后在2′×2′卫星测高反演重力异常数据基础上进行了两组仿真实验进行对比分析,实验结果表明,在重力测量噪声和初始定位误差较大的情况下,通过该匹配算法获得的匹配定位仍能以较高的精度实时跟踪真实航迹。     

Fast chromatographic method for the determination of dyes in beverages by using high performance liquid chromatography—Diode array detection data and second order algorithms

A fast chromatographic methodology is presented for the analysis of three synthetic dyes in non-alcoholic beverages: amaranth (E123), sunset yellow FCF (E110) and tartrazine (E102). Seven soft drinks (purchased from a local supermarket) were homogenized, filtered and injected into the chromatographic system. Second order data were obtained by a rapid LC separation and DAD detection. A comparative study of the performance of two second order algorithms (MCR-ALS and U-PLS/RBL) applied to model the data, is presented. Interestingly, the data present time shift between different chromatograms and cannot be conveniently corrected to determine the above-mentioned dyes in beverage samples. This fact originates the lack of trilinearity that cannot be conveniently pre-processed and can hardly be modelled by using U-PLS/RBL algorithm. On the contrary, MCR-ALS has shown to be an excellent tool for modelling this kind of data allowing to reach acceptable figures of merit. Recovery values ranged between 97% and 105% when analyzing artificial and real samples were indicative of the good performance of the method. In contrast with the complete separation, which consumes 10 mL of methanol and 3 mL of 0.08 mol L⁻¹ ammonium acetate, the proposed fast chromatography method requires only 0.46 mL of methanol and 1.54 mL of 0.08 mol L⁻¹ ammonium acetate. Consequently, analysis time could be reduced up to 14.2% of the necessary time to perform the complete separation allowing saving both solvents and time, which are related to a reduction of both the costs per analysis and environmental impact.