Au/SrTiO3/Au界面电阻翻转效应的低频噪声分析

本文研究了Au/SrTiO₃/Au三明治结构中的双极电阻翻转效应, 观察到高、低阻态的电阻弛豫现象. 低频噪声测量表明高、低阻态的电阻涨落表现出1/f行为. 对比试验表明, 高阻态的低频噪声来源于反向偏置肖特基势垒和氧空位的迁移, 强度较大, 低阻态的噪声则源于类欧姆接触底电极区域的氧空位迁移导致的载流子涨落, 强度较低. 同时, 界面上氧空位浓度的弛豫导致了高、低阻态的弛豫过程. 关键词： 电阻翻转效应 低频噪声 氧空位     

An optimal protection and restoration scheme (OPARS) for optical networks

Protection and restoration are critical network design issues for optical networks since even a single failure for a short duration may result in huge data loss due to the large capacity of optical fibers. However, few studies have been done on these issues for optical burst switching (OBS) networks. Protection and restoration are essential mechanisms for guaranteeing more reliable traffic delivery services. But it is not easy to apply existing mechanisms to optical burst switching (OBS) networks due to its one-way reservation signaling and the statistical burst multiplexing. Thus, to achieve the high transmission performance and reliability simultaneously, unique properties of OBS must be considered in the design of protection scheme. In this paper, an optimal protection and restoration scheme (OPARS) has been introduced that not only optimizes the number of provisioned protection wavelengths adaptively based on the traffic load as well as the quality of service (QoS) requirements of bursts in high speed networks but also minimizes burst loss rates. In addition, the proposed scheme has been used as an efficient contention resolution technique. The simulation results verify that the proposed scheme improve the network resource and channel utilization while guaranteeing the targeted protection reliability and QoS requirements of bursts.     

Image segmentation using adaptive loopy belief propagation

Loopy belief propagation (LBP) algorithm over pairwise-connected Markov random fields (MRFs) has become widely used for low-level vision problems. However, Pairwise MRF is often insufficient to capture the statistics of natural images well, and LBP is still extremely slow for application on an MRF with large discrete label space. To solve these problems, the present study proposes a new segmentation algorithm based on adaptive LBP. The proposed algorithm utilizes local region information to construct a local region model, as well as a local interaction region MRF model for image segmentation. The adaptive LBP algorithm maximizes the global probability of the proposed MRF model, which employs two very important strategies, namely, “message self-convergence” and “adaptive label pruning”. Message self-convergence can improve the reliability of a pixel in choosing a label in local region, and label pruning can dismiss impossible labels for every pixel. Thus, the most reliable information messages transfer through the LBP algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only obtains more accurate segmentation results but also greater speed.     

Analysis of a diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser passively Q switched with GaAs

A diode-pumped Nd:YVO₄ laser passively Q switched with GaAs is studied theoretically and experimentally. We have demonstrated the influence of single-photon absorption, two-photon absorption and free-carrier absorption in GaAs on the Q-switched pulse characteristics. The pulse profile, pulse energy and pulse width of the Q switching with GaAs are simulated by using the conventional rate equations of the four-level laser system. The experimental results show reasonable agreement with the theoretical results on the whole.     

A study of threshold switching of NbO2 using atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy

Threshold switching is a phenomenon where the resistivity of an insulating material changes and the insulator exhibits metallic behavior. This could be explained by phase transformation in oxide materials; however, this behavior is also seen in amorphous insulators. In this study, through an ex-situ experiment using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we proved that threshold switching of amorphous NbO₂ accompanies local crystallization. The change in I–V characteristics after electroforming was examined by evaluating the concentration profile. Atom probe tomography (APT) combined with in-situ TEM probing technique was performed to understand the threshold switching in amorphous NbO₂. The local crystallization in amorphous NbO₂ was validated by the observed difference in time-of-flight (ToF) between amorphous and crystalline NbO₂. We concluded that the slower ToF of amorphous NbO₂ (a-NbO₂) compared with crystalline NbO₂ (c-NbO₂) is due to the resistivity difference and trap-assisted recombination.     

聚变等离子体中高能量粒子驱动的鱼骨模不稳定性研究

在考虑高能量粒子密度的空间分布及箍缩角分布的条件下,建立了研究鱼骨模的色散关系,并作了数值研究。结果表明：当高能量粒子的密度高于某个阈值时,鱼骨模会在高能量粒子密度梯度最大处被激发,其频率与高能量粒子的环向进动频率一致。在高β_h 区间,高能量勉强通行粒子将驱动鱼骨模进入第二稳定区。高能量捕获粒子能激发非共振鱼骨模,与勉强通行粒子激发的鱼骨模类似,在高β_h 区存在第二稳定区。     

一种改进的AUVs变结构滑模控制策略研究

针对现有的变结构滑模控制切换面单一性会导致系统状态在原点处收敛缓慢的缺陷,对自主式水下机器人(AUVs)变结构滑模控制设计了折线型的切换面,并且进一步改进实现了速度控制和定点定速控制。改进的切换面由斜率不同的自线段构成,并在拐点处通过S型函数光滑过渡。将切换面的斜率减小到0时,则可以实现速度控制,同时为了消除速度控制的稳态误差,引进了采用能智积分方法的积分项。最后在某AUV上进行仿真实验,结果证实了应用折线型切换面可以减少控制系统的上升时间,提高反应速度;速度控制的稳态误差接近0,并很好地实现定点定速的控制效果。该方法可以有效用于AUVs的控制。     

EMD与神经网络在气液两相流流型识别中的应用

本文提出了EMD与Elman神经网络相结合的气液两相流流型识别的新方法.将压差波动信号经验模态分解(EMD)后的固有模态函数(IMF)进行分析、提取IMF能量作为Elman神经网络的输入特征向量,对水平管内的气液两相流流型进行识别.实验结果表明:该方法优于BP网络且稳定、识别率高,具有可行性.     

Method of state code matrixes in the realization of optical switching using Perfect Shuffle

Based on the Left Perfect Shuffle (LPS) optical communication network constructed by cascade multi-stage LPS interconnection, using Looping algorithm, any arbitrary sequence of the input signals can be realized. However, instead of obtaining the simultaneous state codes of the same level node switches through mathematical analytical expressions directly, only routing tags of each channel can be obtained through mathematical analytical expressions so as to draw out topological chart of the network to obtain the state codes implied in the chart. Thus, the states of the switches cannot be directly programmed and controlled by computer in practical application. In this paper, based on the Looping algorithm, a method of stage code matrixes is presented to resolve this problem. By using the method, the simultaneous state codes of the same level’s four node switches can be directly obtained, which is convenient for the computer to provide controlled signals needed to finish the permutation for each node switch. The method of stage code matrixes provides further theoretical basis for the realization of optical switching by integration of Perfect Shuffle and high-speed optical switches.