Backbone colorings of graphs with bounded degree

We study backbone colorings, a variation on classical vertex colorings: Given a graph G and a subgraph H of G (the backbone of G), a backbone coloring for G and H is a proper vertex k-coloring of G in which the colors assigned to adjacent vertices in H differ by at least 2. The minimal k∈N for which such a coloring exists is called the backbone chromatic number of G. We show that for a graph G of maximum degree Δ where the backbone graph is a d-degenerated subgraph of G, the backbone chromatic number is at most Δ+d+1 and moreover, in the case when the backbone graph being a matching we prove that the backbone chromatic number is at most Δ+1. We also present examples where these bounds are attained.Finally, the asymptotic behavior of the backbone chromatic number is studied regarding the degrees of G and H. We prove for any sparse graph G that if the maximum degree of a backbone graph is small compared to the maximum degree of G, then the backbone chromatic number is at most .     

多菌灵农药的激光拉曼光谱分析

实验采集多菌灵农药的固体和液体拉曼光谱信号,对固体的原始拉曼光谱信号进行小波去噪预处理,利用正交试验方法筛选小波去噪参数的最优组合。结果表明,采用db2小波基函数、分解层数为2、阈值方案选择为rigrsure、重调方式为sln时,去噪效果最好,信噪比为62.483。根据不同官能团的振动模式,对去噪后的拉曼光谱分3个波数段(1 400～2 000,700～1 400,200～700 cm-1)进行谱峰归属和分析,得到了多菌灵农药分子在不同波数范围内的特征振动模式,其中,在619,725,964,1 022,1 265,1 274和1 478 cm-1处的拉曼信号较强,可作为固体多菌灵农药的特征峰。从多菌灵农药的液体拉曼光谱中,找到了629,727,1 001,1 219,1 258和1 365 cm-1特征峰,这些特征峰跟固体多菌灵农药的特征峰基本吻合。研究结果可为拉曼光谱分析技术在食品及农产品中农药残留的快速筛选提供判别依据。     

2,6-双(三甲基锡)-4,8-双(2-乙基己氧基)苯并[1,2-b∶4,5-b']二噻吩的合成与多核NMR研究

以苯并[1,2-b∶4,5-b´]二噻吩-4,8-二酮为原料合成了一种聚合物太阳能电池材料的单体2,6-双(三甲基锡)-4,8-双(2-乙基己氧基)苯并[1,2-b∶4,5-b´]二噻吩. 通过多核1D和2D NMR技术（包括1D ¹H、¹³C、¹¹⁹Sn、¹¹⁷Sn NMR、DEPT、选择性1D TOCSY及2D¹H-¹H COSY、gHSQC、gHMBC）表征了目标分子结构,完成了 ¹H、¹³C、¹¹⁹Sn 与¹¹⁷Sn NMR化学位移归属,并探讨了该化合物的NMR谱线特征.     

Dictamdiol的1H NMR 和13C NMR数据全归属

通过二维核磁技术,尤其是HMBC、HMQC和NOESY实验对一个从白鲜皮中分离得到的柠檬苦素类化合物-dictamdiol的¹H NMR 和¹³C NMR数据进行了全归属,并对文献中归属的错误进行了纠正.     

Network design problem with relays: A genetic algorithm with a path-based crossover and a set covering formulation

The network design problem with relays arises in telecommunications and distribution systems where the payload must be reprocessed at intermediate stations called relays on the route from its origin to its destination. In fiber-optic networks, for example, optical signals may be regenerated several times to overcome signal degradation because of attenuation and other factors. Given a network and a set of commodities, the network design problem with relays involves selecting network edges, determining a route for each commodity, and locating relays to minimize the network design cost. This paper presents a new formulation to the problem based on set covering constraints. The new formulation is used to design a genetic algorithm with a specialized crossover/mutation operator which generates a feasible path for each commodity, and the locations of relays on these paths are determined by solving the corresponding set covering problem. Computational experiments show that the proposed approach can outperform other approaches, particularly on large size problems.     

Application of THz Vibrational Spectroscopy to Molecular Characterization and the Theoretical Fundamentals: An Illustration Using Saccharide Molecules

This work illustrates several theoretical fundamentals for the application of THz vibrational spectroscopy to molecular characterization in the solid state using two different types of saccharide systems as examples. Four subjects have been specifically addressed: (1) the qualitative differences in the molecular vibrational signatures monitored by THz and mid‐IR vibrational spectroscopy; (2) the selection rules for THz vibrational spectroscopy as applied to crystalline and amorphous systems; (3) a normal mode simulation, using α‐l ‐xylose as an example; and (4) a rigorous mode analysis to quantify the percentage contributions of the intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations to the normal mode of interest.     

车载惯性定位定向系统可靠性设计分析与试验验证

本文针对某型车载惯性定位定向系统,建立产品的可靠性数学模型,进行可靠性分配和可靠性预计,介绍保证产品可靠性采取的技术措施,以及可靠性验证的试验方案和试验结果。     

新型胃动力药盐酸伊托必利的结构分析

本文以ＵＶ、ＦＴＩＲ、＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、＾１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ、ＦＡＢＭＳ等现代分析手段，对国内试制的新型胃动力药盐酸伊托必利的化学结构进行了分析鉴定。根据谱带与结构的对应关系，确证其结构与国外已报道的结构一致并对上述各种谱的谱带进行了全面的归属     

Configurational assignment in alkyl‐branched sugars via the geminal C,H coupling constants

The measurement of the magnitude and sign of ²J(C,H) couplings offers a reliable way to determine the absolute configuration at a carbon center in a fixed cyclic system. A decrease of the dihedral angle ? in the O—C_A—C_B—H fragment always leads to a change of the ²J(C_A,H_B) coupling to more negative values, independent of the type and position of substituents at the two carbon centers. The orientations of the two substituents at C‐3 of the epimeric pair 1 and 2 were determined unambiguously through the measurement of the geminal coupling constants between C‐3 and the hydrogen atoms at C‐2 and C‐4. In particular, ²J(C‐3,H‐2ax) with ?1.5 Hz, ? = 174° in 1 and ?6.6 Hz, ? = 47° in 2 , and ²J(C‐3,H‐4) with +1.5 Hz, ? = 175° in 1 and ?4.7 Hz, ? = 49° in 2 showed the greatest differences between the two epimers. Both couplings therefore allow the determination of the absolute configuration at C‐3. It should be noted, however, that the size of the coupling constants can be different for dihedral angles of nearly identical size, when there are different numbers of electronegative substituents on the two coupling pathways, i.e. no O‐substituent at C‐2, but one axial O‐substituent at C‐4. It becomes clear that it is not sufficient to measure the magnitude of ²J coupling constants only, but that the sign of the geminal coupling is needed to identify the absolute configuration at a chiral center. The coupling of C‐3 with H‐2eq is not useful for the determination of the configuration at C‐3, as the similarity of the dihedral angles ? (O—C‐3—C‐2—H‐2eq) (57° in 1 and 70° in 2 ) leads to identical coupling constants (?6.1 Hz) for both epimers. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

产销平衡运输问题的表上作业法解法的一个注记

本文给出了用表上作业法求解产销平衡运输问题当出现退化时在相应空格填“O”的更为明确的规则，利用该规则可以避免可能存在的多余计算。本文还给出了用改进后的表上作业法求解指派问题的方法和步骤，该方法与求解指派问题的常用方法“匈牙利法”相比，具有手工计算更为简便的优点。