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81.
An explicit formula is derived for calculating the delocalization corrections (tails) to be added to the strictly localized bond orbitals. It was obtained by solving analytically the SCF problem for the interbond interactions in a linearized approximation. The model calculations at the CNDO/2 level show that this simple approach is sufficient to account for the molecular conformations.  相似文献   
82.
The Fowler’s expression for calculation of the reduced surface tension and surface energy has been used with Lennard-Jones (LJ) and two-body Hartree-Fock dispersion (HFD)-like potentials for neon and argon, respectively. The required radial distribution functions (RDFs) have been used from two recently determined expressions in the literature and a new equation proposed in this work. Quantum corrections for neon system have been considered using the Feynman-Hibbs (FH) and Wigner-Kirkwood (WK) approaches. To take many-body forces into account for argon system, the simple three-body potentials of Wang and Sadus (2006) [33] and Hauschild and Prausnitz (1993) [30] used with the HFD-like potential without requiring an expensive three-body calculation. The results show that the quantum and three-body effects improve the prediction of the surface tension of liquid neon and argon using the Fowler’s expression.  相似文献   
83.
In this article algorithms are developed for nonlinear -term Courant element approximation of functions in ( ) on bounded polygonal domains in . Redundant collections of Courant elements, which are generated by multilevel nested triangulations allowing arbitrarily sharp angles, are investigated. Scalable algorithms are derived for nonlinear approximation which both capture the rate of the best approximation and provide the basis for numerical implementation. Simple thresholding criteria enable approximation of a target function to optimally high asymptotic rates which are determined and automatically achieved by the inherent smoothness of . The algorithms provide direct approximation estimates and permit utilization of the general Jackson-Bernstein machinery to characterize -term Courant element approximation in terms of a scale of smoothness spaces (-spaces) which govern the approximation rates.

  相似文献   

84.
In this paper, we analyze the Wilson element method of the eigenvalue problem in arbitrary dimensions by combining a new technique recently developed in [10] and the a posteriori error result. We prove that the discrete eigenvalues are smaller than the exact ones.  相似文献   
85.
    
A formalism is presented which allows the quantitative evaluation of data from grazing‐incidence small‐angle neutron and X‐ray scattering – GISANS and GISAXS – in the framework of the distorted wave Born approximation. While several aspects have been reported previously, this formalism combines solutions for scattering intensities in both reflection and transmission hemispheres, taking into account instrumental resolution effects. This formalism is applied to the case of GISANS from self‐organized diblock copolymers, ordered in perpendicular lamellar structures on an Si wafer in randomly oriented short‐range‐ordered regions. The periodicity of D = 85 (9) nm found for deuterated polystyrene–polybutadiene of molecular weight  Mw = 165 kg mol−1 and a molecular weight fraction of the deuterated polystyrene block of 52% is consistent with atomic force microscopy and specular neutron reflectivity results.  相似文献   
86.
    
The phase‐object approximation for neutron scattering is applied to determine the real‐space sample correlation function for a sphere for kinematic and dynamic scattering. The sample correlation function determined in this way corresponds to the kinematic and refraction limits.  相似文献   
87.
采用高阶无网格法求解薄板弯曲问题,在已发展的线性曲率光顺方案的基础上,通过引入泰勒展开技术,建立了能够精确再现纯弯曲和线性弯曲模式的节点积分方法。与之相比,目前无网格薄板分析主要采用的节点积分方法仅能精确再现纯弯曲模式。数值结果表明,本文方法可精确通过纯弯曲和线性弯曲试验,且能得到光滑、无振荡的弯矩场。与标准的高斯积分方法和目前已存在的节点积分方法相比,本文方法在计算精度、效率以及弯矩分布等方面均展现出显著优势。  相似文献   
88.
    
In this paper we study the regularity of solutions to the Stokes and the Navier‐Stokes system in polyhedral domains contained in ℝ3. We consider the scale Bsτ(Lτ), 1/τ = s/3 + 1/2 of Besov spaces which determines the approximation order of adaptive numerical wavelet schemes and other nonlinear approximation methods. We show that the regularity in this scale is large enough to justify the use of adaptive methods. The proofs of the main results are performed by combining regularity results in weighted Sobolev spaces with characterizations of Besov spaces by wavelet expansions.  相似文献   
89.
    
We re-examine a simple model describing the propagation of transient forced internal gravity waves in a Boussinesq fluid with constant horizontal mean velocity which was previously studied by Nadon and Campbell (Wave Motion, 2007). The waves are generated by a horizontally-periodic lower boundary condition and propagate upwards. We derive an alternative exact expression for the solution which more readily gives insight into the behaviour of the solution at high altitude. Some special cases of lower boundary conditions are considered to illustrate the features of the solution. This form of the solution allows us to use a Fourier transform to derive the solution for the more general situation where a wave packet is generated by a horizontally-localized lower boundary condition, comprising a continuous spectrum of horizontal wavenumbers or Fourier modes. This is a more realistic representation of internal gravity waves in the atmosphere and can be used as a starting point for investigating waves generated by an obstacle of finite horizontal extent such as an isolated mountain or a mountain range.  相似文献   
90.
    
This paper applies the technique of successive approximation to the nonlinear theory of elastic materials with voids, as developed by Nunziato and Cowin [2]. The complete set of equations for the first and second order approximation is derived. The torsion problem within the second‐order theory is studied. It is shown that the solution can be expressed in terms of solutions of some two‐dimensional problems. The theory is applied to study the torsion of a circular cylinder. It is shown that an infinitesimal twist produces a second‐order volume fraction field which is proportional to the square of the amount of torsion.  相似文献   
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