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31.
Enthalpies of solution have been measured from 5 to 85°C for aqueous tetraethyl- and tetrapropylammonium bromides, and the integral heat method is employed to evaluate
for these electrolytes over a wide temperature range. Data taken from the literature have been used to evaluate
for aqueous Bu4NBr over a similar temperature range. These data, along with similar data for Me4NBr, previously reported, have been used to evaluate absolute ionic heat capacities. While the absolute values agree only qualitatively with two other methods of division, the temperature dependences of the three methods essentially agree up to 65°C. Heat capacities due to structural effects on the solvent, obtained by subtracting the inherent heat capacities of the ions, are extraordinarily positive for all four tetraalkylammonium ions and have negative temperature coefficients, indicating that all four ions, including the tetramethylammonium ion, are structure-making ions. 相似文献
32.
CrystalStructureandMolecularAbsoluteConfigurationof(+)-Isocedranol(C_(15)H_(26)O)¥LiuJie;ChenMin-Qin(CenterofAnalysis&Measurem... 相似文献
33.
34.
Two kinds of ab initio calculations (B3LYP and HF) using the GIAO approach have been carried out for fifteen H, three Li, three B, eleven C, seven N, nine O, four F, three Si, four P, six S and five Cl containing derivatives. The calculated absolute nuclear shieldings have been compared with experimental absolute values (either measured or estimated from relative chemical shifts) when available or with relative chemical shifts (11B, 35Cl). The correlations range from good to excellent and only three compounds (PN, P2H2, SO2) deviate significantly. 相似文献
35.
36.
最小一乘稳健多元分析校正 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
本文论述最小一乘求解的多元分析校正算法,探讨了最小一乘较常规最小二乘法及其他隐健算法的优点。用计算机数值模拟及实际多组分光谱体系对方法进行了检验,展示了最小一乘法在分析化学计量学中实际应用的可行性。 相似文献
37.
THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF ADSORPTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY A WATER-COMPATIBLE HYPERCROSSLINKED POLYMERIC ADSORBENT 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ai-minLi Hai-suoWu Quan-xingZhang Gen-chengZhang ChaoLong Zheng-haoFei Fu-qiangLiu Jin-longChen 《高分子科学》2004,(3):259-267
Equilibrium data for the adsorption of phenolic compounds, i.e., phenol, p-cresol, p-chlorophenol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions by a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent (NJ-8) within temperature range of 283-323 K were obtained and correlated with a Freundlich-type of isotherm equation, so that equilibrium constants KF and n were obtained. The capacities of equilibrium adsorption for all the four phenolic compounds on the NJ-8 from aqueous solutions are around 2 times as high as those of Amberlite XAD-4, which may be attributed to the unusual micropore structure and the partial polarity on the network. The values of the enthalpy (always negative) are indicative of an exothermic process, which manifests the adsorption of all the four phenolic compounds on the two polymeric adsorbents to be a process of physical adsorption. The negative values of free energy change show that the solute is more concentrated on the adsorbent than in the bulk solution. The absolute free energy values of adsorption for NJ-8 are always higher than those for Amberlite XAD-4, which indicates that phenolic compounds are preferentially adsorbed on NJ-8. The negative values of the adsorption entropy are consistent with the restricted mobilities of adsorbed molecules of phenolic compounds as compared with the molecules in solution. The adsorption entropy values of phenolic compounds for NJ-8 are lower than those for Amberlite XAD-4, which means the micropores of NJ-8 require more orderly arranged adsorbate. 相似文献
38.
This paper describes some thermal analysis experiments conducted on high explosive samples. These employ differential scanning calorimetry to monitor thermal effects at elevated temperatures (around 200 °C) and heat conduction calorimetry to record thermal effects at much lower temperatures (below 100 °C).The work shows that, due to the generally high thermal stability of many high explosive compositions, heat generation rates are very low, if detectable at all, at normal storage temperatures, even when using a very sensitive instrument. The sensitivity and reproducibility of this technique has been investigated in detail by Wilker et al. [S. Wilker, U. Ticmanis, G. Pantel, Detailed investigation of sensitivity and reproducibility of heat flow calorimetry, in: Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Chemical Problems Connected with the Stability of Explosives, Sweden, 1998] and shown to be capable of recording heat generation rates of less than a microwatt. This allows continuous measurement of decomposition processes in nitrate ester based propellants at temperatures as low as 40 °C. However, the measurement of very low levels of heat generation is difficult, time consuming and therefore expensive. If the assumption is made that the life limiting process is invariably the slow decomposition of the energetic component, this will frequently lead to very long service lifetime predictions.A number of possible complications are identified. Firstly, due to its low detection threshold, a heat conduction calorimeter may detect other reactions which will not lead to failure, but which may still dominate the heat flow signal. Secondly, the true failure process may generate little energy and be overlooked. In view of these considerations, at present it seems unwise to rely on heat conduction microcalorimetry as the only tool for the assessment of the life of high explosive energetic systems.Based on examples of life terminating processes in high explosives during storage and use, it is clear that decomposition of the energetic material is not invariably the cause of system failure. It is also by no means the only reaction that may take place in, and be observed by, a heat conduction calorimeter. 相似文献
39.
多花蔷薇(Rose multiflora. cathayensis)又名红刺玫、刺花,系多年生落叶灌木,野生于甘肃省陇南山区,生长在海拔500~1900 m的山峰、河岸或山坡缘及灌木丛林中,花的资源丰富,是甘肃省目前需开发的野生芳香植物之一,多花蔷薇花为粉红色,花期为5月中旬至5月底,花中含芳香油,可用作化妆、皂用香精等,有关多花蔷薇花的化学成分,未见文献报道,我们将多花蔷薇花的石油醚浸膏用乙醇在0℃脱蜡3次得净油,再经硅胶柱层析分离得纯 相似文献
40.
In this paper, we are interested in the regularity estimates of the nonnegative viscosity super solution of the $β$−biased infinity Laplacian equation $$∆^β_∞u = 0,$$ where $β ∈ \mathbb{R}$ is a fixed constant and $∆^β_∞u := ∆^N_∞u + β|Du|,$ which arises from the random game named biased tug-of-war. By studying directly the $β$−biased infinity Laplacian equation, we construct the appropriate exponential cones as barrier functions to establish a key estimate. Based on this estimate, we obtain the Harnack inequality, Hopf boundary point lemma, Lipschitz estimate and the Liouville property etc. 相似文献