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161.
The ferroelectric compounds Pb2Na1−xLaxNb5−xFexO15 and Pb0.5(5−x)LaxNb5−xFexO15 (0≤x≤1) with the tungsten bronze type structure have been investigated using Raman spectroscopy. The evolution of the spectra as a function of composition at room temperature is reported. In the frequency range 200-1000 cm−1 three main A1 phonons around 240 (υ1), 630 (υ2) and 816 (υ3) cm−1 were observed. The broadening of the Raman lines for high values of x originates from a significant structural disorder. This is in good agreement with the relaxor character of these compositions. The lowest-frequency part of the spectra, below 180 cm−1, reveals a structural change in the studied solid solutions. The behaviour of the Raman shift of the υ1 mode confirms that in Pb2Na1−xLaxNb5−xFexO15, a clear anomaly occurs in the vicinity of x=0.4. 相似文献
162.
The optical properties of the asymmetric double semi-parabolic quantum wells (DSPQWs) are investigated numerically for typical GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs. Optical properties are obtained using the compact density matrix approach. In this work, effects of the structure parameters such as the barrier width and the well widths on the optical properties of the asymmetric DSPQWs are investigated. The results show that the linear and nonlinear optical properties of asymmetric DSPQW are non-monotonic functions of these structure parameters. The behavior of the refractive index changes of asymmetric DSPQW with the variation of the barrier width is different substantially with that of symmetric DSPQW. Results reveal that the resonant peak values of the total absorption coefficient of asymmetric DSPQW is usually greater than that of symmetric DSPQW. Our calculations also show that the total absorption coefficient of asymmetric DSPQW is larger than that of asymmetric double square quantum well. 相似文献
163.
Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of amorphous and crystalline TbCuAl ribbons are investigated by measuring their ac susceptibilities including a nonlinear term and dc magnetizations. The in-phase third harmonic ac susceptibility is found to be negative. It can be well fitted by the expression at high temperatures, indicating a spin-glass behavior in amorphous TbCuAl alloy. ΔTf(ω)/[Tf(ω)Δlog10ω], a possible distinguishing criterion to judge the presence of a spin-glass behavior is ∼0.011. The frequency-dependent data can be well fitted by the conventional critical slowing down law and the spin-glass transition temperature is obtained to be 20.1 K. The maximum of magnetic entropy change reaches 4.5 J kg−1 K−1 for a field change of 0-50 000 Oe, while the crystalline TbCuAl compound experiences a simple ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition. The peak value of magnetic entropy change is obtained at the Curie temperature and reaches 14.4 J kg−1 K−1 for the same field change, which is much larger than that of amorphous TbCuAl alloy. 相似文献
164.
165.
K.W. LipsøK.K. Nielsen D.V. Christensen C.R.H. BahlK. Engelbrecht L. Theil KuhnA. Smith 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2011,323(23):3027-3032
The effect of demagnetization in a stack of gadolinium plates is determined experimentally by using spatially resolved measurements of the adiabatic temperature change due to the magnetocaloric effect. The number of plates in the stack, the spacing between them and the position of the plate on which the temperature is measured are varied. The orientation of the magnetic field is also varied. The measurements are compared to a magnetostatic model previously described. The results show that the magnetocaloric effect, due to the change in the internal field, is sensitive to the stack configuration and the orientation of the applied field. This may have significant implications for the construction of a magnetic cooling device. 相似文献
166.
约定f为连续函数,分别利用交换积分次序、变量替换、等位线法等三种方法证明二重积分计算公式∫0^a∫0^a f(x+y)dxdy=∫0^a(a-t)f(t+a)dt+∫0^atf(t)dt,并得到一个类似公式∫0^a∫0^af(x-y)dxdy=∫0^atf(t-a)dt+∫0^a(a-t)f(t)dt. 相似文献
167.
Martin Hilbert 《Complexity》2014,19(4):56-65
While scale‐free power‐laws are frequently found in social and technological systems, their authenticity, origin, and gained insights are often questioned, and rightfully so. The article presents a newly found rank‐frequency power‐law that aligns the top‐500 supercomputers according to their performance. Pursuing a cautious approach in a systematic way, we check for authenticity, evaluate several potential generative mechanisms, and ask the “so what” question. We evaluate and finally reject the applicability of well‐known potential generative mechanisms such as preferential attachment, self‐organized criticality, optimization, and random observation. Instead, the microdata suggest that an inverse relationship between exponential technological progress and exponential technology diffusion through social networks results in the identified fat‐tail distribution. This newly identified generative mechanism suggests that the supply and demand of technology (“technology push” and “demand pull”) align in exponential synchronicity, providing predictive insights into the evolution of highly uncertain technology markets. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 19: 56–65, 2014 相似文献
168.
This paper contains some results about the theory of stochastic L2-Integration with a general time-region. The starting point of our theory is not a family of σ-algebras but, more generally, a family of projection operators in the Hilbert space of all square integrable random functions. To do this we use some Hilbert space analysis as well as the methods of Metivier and Pellaumail. 相似文献
169.
Tails of distributions having the form of the geometric convolution are considered. In the case of light-tailed summands,
a simple proof of the famous Cramér asymptotic formula is given via the change of probability measure. Some related results
are obtained, namely, bounds of the tails of geometric convolutions, expressions for the distribution of the 1st failure time
and failure rate in regenerative systems, and others. In the case of heavy-tailed summands, two-sided bounds of the tail of
the geometric convolution are given in the cases where the summands have either Pareto or Weibull distributions. The results
obtained have the property that the corresponding lower and upper bounds are tailed-equivalent.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
170.
ZHANG Feng zhang ** XU Liang shu HUANG He qing LONG Min nan QIU Xue hui CHEN Zhong 《高等学校化学研究》1999,(3)
IntroductionNitrogenasefromavarietyofN2-fixingorganismsiscomposedoftwo-componentprotein,MoFe-proteinandFe-protein.Fe-proteincontainsasingleFe4S4-cluster,whichhasthefunctionoftransferingelectronsfromdonortoMoFe-protein.MoFe-proteincontainsP-clusterpai… 相似文献