星载成像高光谱的湿地景观光谱特征分析

光谱特征是地物的固有属性,分析地物光谱不仅有助于提高地物识别精度,也是定量遥感研究的基础.然而受限于尺度效应,近地空间采集的光谱与遥感像元尺度的光谱往往差异较大.因此,在遥感像元尺度上揭示湿地典型景观地类的光谱特征,将有助于大尺度湿地遥感分类和植被参数反演精度的提高.以华北平原典型的草型湖泊湿地南阳湖为对象,基于EO-...     

洞庭湖滨湖丘岗地鼠类群落演替

作者于1992~1995年和2002~2004年,对洞庭湖滨湖丘岗地的鼠类群落结构和生物多样性变化进行了研究.共置鼠夹2 437夹夜,捕鼠7种,共417个个体.结果表明两个时间段捕获的鼠种数不同,分别为7种和5种,捕获率分别为(12.29±7.05)%和(3.05±1.44)%(t=4.26,df=21,p<0.001);两个时间段的优势鼠种不完全相同,东方田鼠和黑线姬鼠为1992~1995年的优势鼠种,社鼠和黑线姬鼠为2002~2005年的优势鼠种;两个时间段的物种多样性指数和优势度指数差异不显著,但均匀性指数差异显著(t=5.433,p<0.05).对两个时间段的鼠类群落相似性指数进行系统聚类分析,将所有年份的群落相似性指数聚类为2类,即1992~1994年聚为一类,2002~2004年聚为一类.结果表明洞庭湖滨湖丘岗地鼠类群落经过10年的演替,已经成为完全不同的群落.     

杭州西湖山区次生植被性质研究(二)

本文对组成植被种类的生活型谱和叶的性质进行了分析,并与邻近地区作了比较.结果表明,地处亚热带和暖温带过渡区的本区植被,在群落的外貌特征上与暖温带更接近,体现了更多的北亚热带阔叶混交林的性质.通过对群落结构特征的分析,发现次生群落在体现强烈的次生性质的同时,也反映了由亚热带向暖温带过渡的某些特征.笔者认为:作为北亚热带与中亚热带过渡类型的本区植被,因具有更多的阔叶混交林的性质,宜归属于北亚热带常绿与落叶阔叶混交林地带.     

Biologically active compounds from Lake Baikal streptomycetes

Data on the biological activity of ethylacetate extracts of Lake Baikal streptomycetes were obtained for the first time. The extracts of isolated actinobacteria of the genus Streptomyces were tested for the presence of compounds that inhibit the growth of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and that exhibit a cytotoxic effect on Erlich carcinoma tumor cells. The ability of streptomycetes to produce inhibitors of enzymes isolated from marine organisms was also investigated. The production of bioactive compounds as a function of medium composition was given. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 65–69, January–February, 2006.     

一维河网泥沙输移模式研究

推导了一种显式的河网 泥沙输移递推计算方法, 该方法在水动力学计算结果所确定的汊点类型基础上, 直接计算每 个河段中逐个节点的不平衡泥沙输沙过程以及悬沙和床沙的级配调整, 克服了传统方法中必 须通过首末断面含沙量关系确定河网悬沙矩阵求解的困难. 将该泥沙输移模式的一维河网水 沙数学模型, 应用于长江三峡下游荆江-洞庭湖河网区域, 并取得了较好的计算结果.在模型 验证之后, 进一步讨论了采用新的泥沙输移计算模式和原有泥沙输移计算模式在计算 时间上和计算内容方面的差别.     

新疆伊吾湖嗜盐菌bop基因多样性

为了研究新疆中部地区伊吾湖嗜盐微生物和细菌视蛋白基因（bop）资源，分离纯化了95株嗜盐和耐盐菌．并从中挑选了10株红色的菌株，采用PCR和TA克隆的方法，扩增出bop基因螺旋C到螺旋G的核心序列，测定了基因的核苷酸序列．基于bop基因序列的同源性比较和系统发育学分析，发现9个序列分布在同一分支下，表明伊吾湖嗜盐菌bop基因具有一定的多样性和明显的自身地域性．     

新疆博斯腾湖水污染状况动态分析

通过对新疆博斯腾湖水污染状况的动态分析．得出了博斯腾湖从初期的自由污染阶段到污染水平β=0．5时所需要的时间以及此后博斯腾湖水环境的未来趋势，进而提出加强博斯腾湖水环境保护。使之可持续利用的相关对策．     

On the horizontal distribution of algal-bloom in Chaohu Lake and its formation process

Based on the remote sensing images of algae, the present work analyzes the horizontal distribution characteristics of algal blooms in Chaohu Lake, China, which also reveals the frequency of algal blooms under different wind directions. Further, an unstructured-grid, three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM） is applied to investigate the wind-induced currents and the transport pro- cess to explain the reason why algal blooms occur at the detected places. We first deduce the primary distribution of biomass from overlaid satellite images, and explain the formation mechanism by analyzing the pollution sources, and simulating the flow field and transportation process under prevailing wind over Chaohu Lake. And then, we consider the adjustment action of the wind on the corresponding day and develop a two-time scale approach to describe the whole formation process of algae horizontal distribution in Chaohu Lake. That is, on the longer time scale, i.e., during bloom season, prevailing wind determines the primary distribution of biomass by inducing the characteristic flow field; on the shorter time scale, i.e., on the day when bloom occurs, the wind force adjusts the primary distribution of biomass to form the final distribution of algal bloom.     

一类考虑外来有机物的湖泊生态系统的数学模型及稳定性分析

本文提出并研究外来有机物-浮游植物-浮游动物数学模型.首先构造合适的Lyapunov函数然后利用La Salle不变性原理,证明动力系统的全局稳定性.基于理论分析,发现外来有机物对湖泊生态系统的稳定性有很大影响.特别的,如果单位时间内外来有机物的流入量足够大则会导致浮游植物的灭绝.同时,一些关于控制水华现象的建议被提出.并且模型稳定性分析的结果很好地符合与外来有机物相关的几个假设.     

Application of a fractional steps method for the numerical solution of the two-dimensional modeling of the Lake Mariut

A fractional steps technique for the numerical solution of the shallow water equations is applied to study the water velocity in Lake Mariut, its concentration and the distribution of the temperature along it. Lake Mariut is considering the most productive natural systems in Egypt. The current configuration of this lake is changing rapidly, due to people’s activities and natural processes. Most of its water supply comes from polluted agricultural drains. Several problems affect the conservation of the Lake Mariut, mainly pollution, land reclamation, intensive aquatic vegetation, over fishing and coastal erosion. The shallow water equations for this lake are discretized on a fixed grid and time stepped with the fractional steps method, where the Riemann invariants of the equations are interpolated at each time step along the characteristics of the equations using a cubic spline interpolation. The method is efficient and simple, since it evolves the equations without the iterative steps involved in the multi-dimensional interpolation problem. The absence of iterative steps in the present technique makes it very suitable for the problems in which small time steps and grid sizes are required and the simplicity of the method makes it very suitable for parallel computer. Therefore, the method provides numerical algorithms which are more efficient than other classical schemes.