种基于偏微分方程约束的闪光照相图像重建算法

针对闪光照相图像信噪比低的特点,提出了一种基于偏微分方程基于非线性PDE的约束的图像重建算法,该算法在重建迭代过程中引入了基于非线性PDE的平滑约束来抑制图像噪声,同时保护图像边缘。数值试验结果表明:相比于Landweber和预优约束共轭梯度（PCCG）重建算法,新算法具有更强的抗噪能力和边缘保护能力,是一种更加有效的闪光照相图像重建算法。     

Flow-induced noise analysis for 3D trash rack based on LES/Lighthill hybrid method

A trash rack is used to obstruct dirt in a flow. As it is on the outside of the hull of a ship, such flow-induced noise cannot be ignored. This paper focuses on a hydrodynamic noise study of the trash rack installed on the inlet of pipelines to estimate the noise produced by the turbulent flow. A hybrid method of combining Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) and the Lighthill’s acoustic analogy theory simulate the flow-induced noise for a three-dimensional pipeline. The results of the simulation agree well with the experimental results available in the open literature. Following this, the hydrodynamic noise of flow through a three-dimensional pipeline with different types of trash racks is studied in order to determine the best form. For this objective, the flow and sound properties in different simulation models are analyzed and a low noise type of trash rack is proposed based on some general indexes.     

From local to global analysis of defect detectability in infrared non-destructive testing

Several image processing techniques are employed in Infrared Non-Destructive Testing (IRNDT) to enhance defect detectability. To date, there is no adequate global measurement that objectively assesses defect visibility in processed frames. In this work, a Global Signal to Noise Ratio (GSNR) that comprehensively evaluates defect detectability in processed infrared (IR) images is proposed, as well as a defect visibility measure named Infrared Image Quality Index (IRIQI) that compares the structural information of defective and sound areas. In addition, GSNR and IRIQI are validated by using the area under ROC curve (AUC). AUC quantitatively assesses defect visibility by comparing the outcomes of processing techniques to human judgements. The remarkable benefit of this global approach is that it allows one to determine the frame at which processing techniques reveals the majority of the defects by evaluating the times at which AUC curves reach their maxima. The test pieces were a Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) sample containing delaminations and a honeycomb specimen with delaminations, skin unbonds, excessive adhesive, and crushed core.     

Elementary excitations for right and left handed electrical systems: Thermal-fluctuations comparison

Excitation modes of left handed and right handed electrical circuits are thermodynamically compared. Thermal fluctuations ratio of the internal energy as function of the temperature, number of cells and spatial dimension, are explicitly calculated. Analytically, in the high temperature limit both systems have similar thermal fluctuations. In the regime of low temperatures left handed systems support less thermal noise than right handed. These results are confirmed numerically. By comparison, left handed systems are more efficient as devices of information transmission.     

X-CT噪音条件下数字体积相关算法评测

数字体积相关是通过分析具有相关关系的两组三维图像,获得物体变形过程中位移场和应变场的计算方法。了解该算法在实际噪音下的表现,对这种方法的应用具有十分重要的意义。利用爬山法、最小二乘法,结合三次B样条插值,建立了一套数字体积相关计算方法,用两组具有真实噪音的三维X射线CT数据对该算法进行了系统评测。在没有噪音的理想情况下,该算法的位移误差为0.0065voxel;在真实X-CT噪音的情况下,位移误差增加到0.008voxel,应变误差约为100με。结果表明,本方法可对真实物体变形进行三维位移场、应变场分析。     

一种可用于机翼优化设计中的气动噪声预测模型

发展了一种可用于翼型/机翼外形设计中的气动噪声快速预测方法。相较于传统的半经验噪声预测方法,该方法以两方程非线性k-ε湍流模型模化雷诺应力的雷诺平均方程为背景,考虑了升力系数、三维流动效应以及机翼几何参数等因素对后缘噪声的影响。而相对于直接数值模拟或声类比拟方法,该方法虽不能准确预测噪声强度,但其计算量小,能给出不同翼型/机翼的相对总声压级,以及总声压级随升力系数的变化情况,易于应用于翼型/机翼气动外形优化设计中。通过计算分析二维NACA0012翼型几何参数或来流状态的改变所带来的气动噪声差异,与ANOPP软件及Brooks等计算结果进行对比,验证了该模型的可靠性。最后,计算分析二维、三维翼型/机翼气动噪声,凸显该方法在翼型/机翼气动外形优化设计中的应用价值。     

电冰箱减振,降噪的试验分析

介绍了电冰箱的多种振动和噪声测量试验，包括：振动频谱分析、模态分析、嗓声标准试验、噪声频谱分析和声强测量等．通过分析振动和噪声的试验结果，找出了产生噪声的主要部件和位置，并且提出了一些合理的改进措施．试验证明：改变压缩机壳体顶盖（主式压缩机）的刚度、阻尼参数和壳体在机箱上的固定方式，以及在压缩机附近采用吸声材料，都是改善电冰箱压缩机噪声的有效途径．     

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通过对惯性振动筛工作原理和噪声测试结果的分析，认为来自激振器的高频干扰力是引起振动筛高噪声的根本原因之一，在此基础上提出了用双质体结构降低振动筛噪声的新措施，说明该结构的降噪原理，并利用试验结果验证了该方法的有效性．     

基于奇异分解和自适应BEM积分算法的水下航行体机械噪声预报

提出一种改进的声学边界元法（M-BEM）用于准确计算水下航行体发动机振动引起的近场辐射噪声。分别采用奇异分解技术和自适应边界元积分算法解决了Helmholtz积分方程在求解近场声压时出现的超奇异积分和奇异积分问题。采用一脉动球源的声辐射算例对方法进行验证,数值解与精确解误差小于1．5dB。结合有限元方法并考虑流固耦合作...