特征不为 2 的有限域上酉群的极小生成元集

设K=Fq2为含有q2个元素的有限域,q为奇素数的幂,*：a→a*=aq是Fq2的一个二阶自同构．本文用几何方法证明了除K为F32而n=4的情形外,Fq2上的酉群Un（V）可由2个元素生成．     

CMS: Jet/b,Jet/<Emphasis Type="Italic">τ</Emphasis>, Missing E<Subscript>T</Subscript>

It is often claimed [1] that the (Hodge type) duality operation is defined only in even dimensional spacetimes and that self-duality is further restricted to twice-odd dimensional spacetime theories. The purpose of this paper is to extend the notion of both duality symmetry as well as self-duality.By considering tensorial doublets, we introduce a novel well-defined notion of self-duality based on a duality Hodge-type operation in arbitrary dimension and for any rank of these tensors. Thus, a generalized Self-Dual Action is defined such that equations of motion are the claimed generalized self-duality relations. We observe in addition, that taking the proper limit on the parameters of this action, it always provides us with a master-action, which interpolates models well-studied in physics; by considering a particular limit, we find an action which describes an interesting type of relation, referred to as semi-self-duality, which results to be the parent action between Maxwell-type actions.Finally, we apply these ideas to construct manifest Hodge-type self-dual solutions in a (2+1)-dimensional version of the Maxwell’s theory.     

Frequentist and Bayesian confidence intervals

Frequentist (classical) and Bayesian approaches to the construction of confidence limits are compared. Various examples which illustrate specific problems are presented. The Likelihood Principle and the Stopping Rule Paradox are discussed. The performance of the different methods is investigated relative to the properties coherence, precision, bias, universality, simplicity. A proposal on how to define error limits in various cases are derived from the comparison. They are based on the likelihood function only and follow in most cases the general practice in high energy physics. Classical methods are not recommended because they violate the Likelihood Principle, they can produce inconsistent results, suffer from lack of precision and generality. Also the extreme Bayesian approach with arbitrary choice of the prior probability density or priors deduced from scaling laws is rejected.     

A control volume finite‐element method for numerical simulating incompressible fluid flows without pressure correction

This paper presents a numerical model to study the laminar flows induced in confined spaces by natural convection. A control volume finite‐element method (CVFEM) with equal‐order meshing is employed to discretize the governing equations in the pressure–velocity formulation. In the proposed model, unknown variables are calculated in the same grid system using different specific interpolation functions without pressure correction. To manage memory storage requirements, a data storage format is developed for generated sparse banded matrices. The performance of various Krylov techniques, including Bi‐CGSTAB (Bi‐Conjugate Gradient STABilized) with an incomplete LU (ILU) factorization preconditioner is verified by applying it to three well‐known test problems. The results are compared to those of independent numerical or theoretical solutions in literature. The iterative computer procedure is improved by using a coupled strategy, which consists of solving simultaneously the momentum and the continuity equation transformed in a pressure equation. Results show that the strategy provides useful benefits with respect to both reduction of storage requirements and central processing unit runtime. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

指数跟踪资产组合选股与原始数据处理对实证操作的影响

本文讨论用算法择优选股并研究股票与指数的相关性特征;以及对数据进行加工处理、采用数据平滑处理,平均加权、不平均加权,以解决实际问题中出现的具体情况：减缓因股市的短期震荡对再平衡的不利影响．并讨论各种处理方法对不同股市样本的效果,并且由此分析各种处理方法的特点及适用情况,以期提供给决策者以多方位的信息．在已有的模型中,这方面的研究并不多,尤其是结合中国股市的实证方面的工作是欠缺的．本文使用上证180在2006年的实际样本数据进行了数值实验并对结果进行比较,实证说明本文的处理方法是有效的、并对实际操作者有借鉴意义．     

Probabilistic properties of number fields

In general a bound on number theoretic invariants under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH) for the Dedekind zeta function of a number field K   is much stronger than an unconditional one. In this article, we consider three invariants; the residue of _ζK(s)${\zeta }_K(s)$ at s=1$s=1$, the logarithmic derivative of Artin L-function attached to K   at s=1$s=1$, and the smallest prime which does not split completely in K. We obtain bounds on them just as good as the bounds under GRH except for a density zero set of number fields.     

The effectiveness of ‘what if not’ strategy coupled with dynamic geometry software in an inquiry-based geometry classroom

In this paper we present the results of a study which was carried out in an inquiry-based teaching and learning environment with the use of ‘what if not’ methodology coupled with the integration of dynamic geometry software. The vast majority of the students reported that they perceived themselves as participants rather than spectators. Most of the prospective teachers came to the conclusion that the implementation of the findings of this study in their future teachings was a good idea and that it will raise the students’ motivation and enhance and deepen the knowledge pool of the learners.     

Emission phenomena in electrochemical systems: Investigation of solvated and delocalized electrons in polar media

The principles of using the results of studies of emission phenomena in electrochemical systems for determination of the energy levels of excess (solvated and delocalized) electrons in electrolyte solutions are formulated. The energy characteristics of excess electrons in hexamethylphosphoric triamide have been estimated on the basis of data obtained by the author and literature data (results of photo- and thermoelectron emission measurements and equilibria studies in solutions of solvated electrons). The energy levels of solvated electron and bi-electron, their photoionization energies and solvent reorganization energies have been found. The nature of the absorption spectra is discussed.     

Trace elements in HPLC silica gel

Trace elements in different silica gels are determined by neutron activation analysis. The presence of 20 elements in the ppm range and of 15 elements in the ppb range is established in all silica gels; even in spherical material probably obtained via an organosilicium starting material. Removal of these elements by acid treatment before and after derivatization to a reversed-phase is studied. This is only partially effective. The resulting HPLC phases are, however, much better in cases where trace elements are detrimental. Even octadecyl derivatized silicagel can withstand boiling in 12 N hydrochloric acid without loosing significant amounts of bonded organic material.     

B对人造金刚石表面结构及性能的影响

研究了B对人造金刚石表面结构及性能的影响。结果表明,采用渗B石墨或渗B触媒合成的金刚石,表面存在有螺旋状和阶梯状生长台阶,树枝状和河流状结晶等。但对金刚石性能影响不大。含B金刚石的性能明显优于不含B金刚石。且渗B石墨对金刚石性能的影响比渗B触媒大。