时域压缩合成孔径超分辨水声成像算法

提出一种针对水下稀疏目标的时域压缩合成孔径声呐成像方法(TC-SAS),实现了水声目标高分辨实时成像。通过多子阵的孔径合成,在时域上构造出成像网格格点到有效孔径内逐帧阵列的格林函数,并给出成像区域散射强度到数据域的映射矩阵;然后利用该区域空域稀疏的先验知识,通过正交匹配追踪的稀疏重构方式,解算出成像区域散射系数矩阵,实现了稀疏目标高分辨成像.同时,针对线性调频信号提出数据缩减的方法,通过对观测数据和字典矩阵同时脉压后截取,减小了数据规模;进一步结合二维矩阵数表查表的方法,以空间换时间,实现了区块实时成像。数值仿真以及湖试试验表明,所提算法能分辨出传统的时延求和算法难以分辨的目标,并且在图像清晰度指标上平均提升4.9 dB.改善了合成孔径声呐的成像质量.     

Dynamical Invariant and Exact Mechanical Analyses for the Caldirola–Kanai Model of Dissipative Three Coupled Oscillators

We study the dynamical invariant for dissipative three coupled oscillators mainly from the quantum mechanical point of view. It is known that there are many advantages of the invariant quantity in elucidating mechanical properties of the system. We use such a property of the invariant operator in quantizing the system in this work. To this end, we first transform the invariant operator to a simple one by using a unitary operator in order that we can easily manage it. The invariant operator is further simplified through its diagonalization via three-dimensional rotations parameterized by three Euler angles. The coupling terms in the quantum invariant are eventually eliminated thanks to such a diagonalization. As a consequence, transformed quantum invariant is represented in terms of three independent simple harmonic oscillators which have unit masses. Starting from the wave functions in the transformed system, we have derived the full wave functions in the original system with the help of the unitary operators.     

Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Rolling-Element Bearings Using a Self-Adaptive Hierarchical Multiscale Fuzzy Entropy

The fuzzy-entropy-based complexity metric approach has achieved fruitful results in bearing fault diagnosis. However, traditional hierarchical fuzzy entropy (HFE) and multiscale fuzzy entropy (MFE) only excavate bearing fault information on different levels or scales, but do not consider bearing fault information on both multiple layers and multiple scales at the same time, thus easily resulting in incomplete fault information extraction and low-rise identification accuracy. Besides, the key parameters of most existing entropy-based complexity metric methods are selected based on specialist experience, which indicates that they lack self-adaptation. To address these problems, this paper proposes a new intelligent bearing fault diagnosis method based on self-adaptive hierarchical multiscale fuzzy entropy. On the one hand, by integrating the merits of HFE and MFE, a novel complexity metric method, named hierarchical multiscale fuzzy entropy (HMFE), is presented to extract a multidimensional feature matrix of the original bearing vibration signal, where the important parameters of HMFE are automatically determined by using the bird swarm algorithm (BSA). On the other hand, a nonlinear feature matrix classifier with strong robustness, known as support matrix machine (SMM), is introduced for learning the discriminant fault information directly from the extracted multidimensional feature matrix and automatically identifying different bearing health conditions. Two experimental results on bearing fault diagnosis show that the proposed method can obtain average identification accuracies of 99.92% and 99.83%, respectively, which are higher those of several representative entropies reported by this paper. Moreover, in the two experiments, the standard deviations of identification accuracy of the proposed method were, respectively, 0.1687 and 0.2705, which are also greater than those of the comparison methods mentioned in this paper. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by the experimental results.     

Impact of Thermal Fluctuations on Logarithmic Corrected Massive Gravity Charged Black Hole

We investigate the influence of the first-order correction of entropy caused by thermal quantum fluctuations on the thermodynamics of a logarithmic corrected charged black hole in massive gravity. For this black hole, we explore the thermodynamic quantities, such as entropy, Helmholtz free energy, internal energy, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and specific heat. We discuss the influence of the topology of the event horizon, dimensions and nonlinearity parameter on the local and global stability of the black hole. As a result, it is found that the holographic dual parameter vanishes. This means that the thermal corrections have no significant role to disturb the holographic duality of the logarithmic charged black hole in massive gravity, although the thermal corrections have a substantial impact on the thermodynamic quantities in the high-energy limit and the stability conditions of black holes.     

ZnO薄膜/金刚石在不同激励条件下声表面波特性的计算与分析

本文首先以刚度矩阵法为基础, 给出了ZnO薄膜/金刚石在四种不同激励条件下的有效介电常数计算公式. 然后以此为工具, 分别计算了多晶ZnO(002) 薄膜/多晶金刚石和单晶ZnO(002) 薄膜/多晶金刚石的声表面波特性, 并根据计算结果及设计制作声表面波器件的要求, 对ZnO膜厚的选择进行了详细地分析. 最后讨论了ZnO/金刚石/Si复合晶片可以忽略Si衬底对声表面特性影响时对金刚石膜厚的要求. 关键词： 声表面波 压电多层结构 有效介电常数 刚度矩阵法     

Imbert–Fedorov shifts of a Gaussian beam reflected from uniaxially anisotropic chiral media

We study the Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts of a reflected Gaussian beam from uniaxially anisotropic chiral media (UACM), where the chirality appears only in one direction and the host medium is a uniaxial crystal or an electric plasma. The numerical results are presented for three kinds of UACM, respectively. It is found that the IF shifts are closely related to the propagation properties of the two eigenwaves in the UACM. In general, when either of the eigenwaves is totally reflected, the IF shifts can change abruptly near the critical angle. The cross-polarized reflection coefficient has a greater effect on the spatial IF (SIF) shift than on the angular IF (AIF) shift, and the sign of the AIF shift depends mainly on that of the difference between the co-polarized reflectivity. By designing artificially the electromagnetic parameters of the UACM, we can control the IF shifts and acquire their more abundant properties.     

Influence of the surface morphology on the melting of polymer crystals. I. Loops of random length and adjacent reentry

A polymer crystal with a noncrystalline surface layer formed by chain loops of different lengths is considered. It is assumed that the length of each loop can be changed by longitudinal diffusion of the molecule through the crystal lattice. From the condition that the free energy of the system is minimum, the loop length distribution and the average loop length as function of temperature are calculated. In contrast to the results for loops of equal length, for the present model, a substantial thickness of the noncrystalline surface layer and a broad melting range is obtained also for the case of adjacent reentry. In order to get this result one has to take into account that even an “ideal fold” consists of at least four rigidly arranged CH2 groups in energetically unfavored conformation.     

Interfacial interaction in carbon fiber/thermoplastic composites

This work was undertaken in order to increase the understanding of the mechanism responsible for fiber/matrix interaction in carbon fiber/thermoplastic composite. From results of previous study on carbon fiber/PEEK composite, which suggested that the formation of the fiber/ matrix interaction was primarily related to a chemisorption mechanism, a study was done of the conditions required to obtain efficient fiber/matrix interaction in PA-12 and PP/carbon fiber composites. The interest in studying carbon fiber composite based on PP and PA-12 was that these two matrices are very different in terms of reactivity, polyamide having many more reactive groups than polypropylene. As expected, due to the non-reactive chemical structure of the polypropylene, fiber/matrix interaction in carbon fiber/PP composite occurred only when the matrix was thermally degraded, i.e. when the composite was molded at high temperature or under long residence time at the melt temperature. For the carbon fiber/PA-12 composite, strong fiber/matrix interaction occurred readily at relatively low molding temperature, i.e. well before thermal degradation of the matrix. It was also found that the short beam shear strength in these composites seems to evolve with molding temperature, and a maximum interfacial strength was observed at a molding temperature corresponding to the thermal degradation of the matrix. This indicates that although matrix degradation often results in strong reduction in the composite performance, some matrix degradation can be beneficial in terms of interfacial mechanical properties. Finally, this work demonstrated that while the formation of fiber/matrix interaction seems to be primarily related to a chemisorption mechanism, the contribution of interphase crystallinity to the interfacial strength is not negligible. In fact, interfacial crystallinity was found to be essential to ensure optimum interfacial strength.     

Physico-chemical characterization of the fibre/matrix interaction in polyethylene fibre/epoxy matrix composites

The interphase in polyethylene fibre/epoxy matrix composites is studied with FT-IR microspectroscopy using a set-up to investigate the matrix as close to the fibre as a few μm or less. It is shown that moisture present on the fibre surface is able to influence the polymerization reaction of the epoxy/anhydride matrix in an irreversible manner. This effect is enhanced for composites from the more hydrophilic polyvinylalcohol fibre. The fibre/matrix interaction in these thermoplastic fibre composites is also studied with DSC through the characterization of the fibre melting. A decreased 'DSC interaction parameter' is found if the composition of the interphase is changed by moisture. For a composite with an epoxy/amine matrix, on the other hand, the DSC interaction parameter is unaffected by moisture from the fibre surface.