A New Technique for Ill-Conditioned Linear Systems

The technique we propose for solving ill-conditioned linear systems consists of two steps. First we compute the regularized solution on some values of the regularization parameter . Then we use these solutions either to extrapolate at =0 or to estimate the regularized solution with determined by the generalized cross validation or by the L-curve method.     

Kernel polynomials for the solution of indefinite and ill-posed problems

We introduce a new family of semiiterative schemes for the solution of ill-posed linear equations with selfadjoint and indefinite operators. These schemes avoid the normal equation system and thus benefit directly from the structure of the problem. As input our method requires an enclosing interval of the spectrum of the indefinite operator, based on some a priori knowledge. In particular, for positive operators the schemes are mathematically equivalent to the so-called -methods of Brakhage. In a way, they can therefore be seen as appropriate extensions of the -methods to the indefinite case. This extension is achieved by substituting the orthogonal polynomials employed by Brakhage in the definition of the -methods by appropriate kernel polynomials. We determine the rate of convergence of the new methods and establish their regularizing properties.     

A regularization of nonlinear diffusion equations in a multiresolution framework

We develop a regularization technique for Perona–Malik diffusion equations that relies on multiresolution techniques. The main result of this paper is to show that the chosen discretization overcomes the ill posedness of the nonlinear Perona–Malik model. The resulting algorithm is tested and the results are compared with pixel‐based methods. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new zero-finder for Tikhonov regularization

Tikhonov regularization with the regularization parameter determined by the discrepancy principle requires the computation of a zero of a rational function. We describe a cubically convergent zero-finder for this purpose. AMS subject classification (2000)  65F22, 65H05, 65R32     

A complete closed form vectorial solution to the Kepler problem

The paper gives an exact vectorial solution to the Kepler problem. A vectorial regularization that linearizes the Kepler problem is given using a Sundman transformation. Closed form expressions describing the Keplerian motion are deduced. A unified approach to the classic Kepler problem is offered, by studying both rectilinear and non-rectilinear Keplerian motions with the same instrument. The approach is an elementary one and only simple vectorial computations are involved.     

The Quantum Regularization of Singular Black-Hole Solutions in Covariant Quantum Gravity

An excruciating issue that arises in mathematical, theoretical and astro-physics concerns the possibility of regularizing classical singular black hole solutions of general relativity by means of quantum theory. The problem is posed here in the context of a manifestly covariant approach to quantum gravity. Provided a non-vanishing quantum cosmological constant is present, here it is proved how a regular background space-time metric tensor can be obtained starting from a singular one. This is obtained by constructing suitable scale-transformed and conformal solutions for the metric tensor in which the conformal scale form factor is determined uniquely by the quantum Hamilton equations underlying the quantum gravitational field dynamics.     

Adding Prior Information in FWI through Relative Entropy

Full waveform inversion is an advantageous technique for obtaining high-resolution subsurface information. In the petroleum industry, mainly in reservoir characterisation, it is common to use information from wells as previous information to decrease the ambiguity of the obtained results. For this, we propose adding a relative entropy term to the formalism of the full waveform inversion. In this context, entropy will be just a nomenclature for regularisation and will have the role of helping the converge to the global minimum. The application of entropy in inverse problems usually involves formulating the problem, so that it is possible to use statistical concepts. To avoid this step, we propose a deterministic application to the full waveform inversion. We will discuss some aspects of relative entropy and show three different ways of using them to add prior information through entropy in the inverse problem. We use a dynamic weighting scheme to add prior information through entropy. The idea is that the prior information can help to find the path of the global minimum at the beginning of the inversion process. In all cases, the prior information can be incorporated very quickly into the full waveform inversion and lead the inversion to the desired solution. When we include the logarithmic weighting that constitutes entropy to the inverse problem, we will suppress the low-intensity ripples and sharpen the point events. Thus, the addition of entropy relative to full waveform inversion can provide a result with better resolution. In regions where salt is present in the BP 2004 model, we obtained a significant improvement by adding prior information through the relative entropy for synthetic data. We will show that the prior information added through entropy in full-waveform inversion formalism will prove to be a way to avoid local minimums.     

A Cahn-Hilliard model in a domain with non-permeable walls

We consider in this article a Cahn-Hilliard model in a bounded domain with non-permeable walls, characterized by dynamic-type boundary conditions. Dynamic boundary conditions for the Cahn-Hilliard system have recently been proposed by physicists in order to account for the interactions with the walls in confined systems and are obtained by writing that the total bulk mass is conserved and that there is a relaxation dynamics on the boundary. However, in the case of non-permeable walls, one should also expect some mass on the boundary. It thus seems more realistic to assume that the total mass, in the bulk and on the boundary, is conserved, which leads to boundary conditions of a different type. For the resulting mathematical model, we prove the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions and study their asymptotic behavior as time goes to infinity.     

第一类弱奇异核Fredholm积分方程的数值求解

第一类弱奇异核Fredholm积分方程由于奇异及本质的不适定性,给求解带来很大难度．本文首先利用克雷斯变换将方程转化,并对转化后的方程进行高斯一勒让德离散,得到一离散不适定的线性方程组,结合正则化方法对该类问题进行数值求解．最后给出了数值模拟,验证了本文方法的可行性及有效性．     

广义病态方程的Tikhonov正则解

对于双方带扰动数据的病态方程(即所谓广义病态方程)，借助对Tikhonov正则化算法的改进，给出一种优良的正则化求解方法。