高分辨率初始光电子能谱由真空紫外激光速度——映射图像的方法

通过采用真空紫外(VUV)激光速度-地图成像-TPE(真空紫外VMI-TPE)方法获得了高分辨率初始光电子(TPE)氯苯(C₆H₅Cl(X¹A₁))的光谱,炔丙基自由基(C₃H₃(X²B₁))和烯丙基(C₃H₅(X²A₁)). 观察到的真空紫外VMI-TPE方法的光电子能量分辨率在1~2 cm^-1,可以和在真空紫外激光脉冲场电离光电子(VUV-PFI-PE)的测量媲美. 类似真空紫外PFI-PE测量,真空紫外VMI-光电子(真空紫外VMI-PE)和真空紫外VMI-TPE测量能量分辨率依赖于直流电场在光电离区加速电子. C₆H₅Cl和C₃H₃的电离初始值的降低为F的函数表示Stark偏移校正为VUV-VMI-TPE测量由-3.1√F管辖,这是半经典预测值-6.1√F的一半. 我们还测量C₆H₅Cl和C₃H₅的真空紫外光能量的真空紫外VMI-PE谱接近其电离初始值. 在VUV-VMI-PE测量中观察到的C₃H₅⁺阳离子振动谱和振动级数,nv₇⁺(n=0~3). 真空紫外VMI-TPE可以实现更高的实验灵敏度和类似真空紫外PFI-PE测量的能量分辨率,使真空紫外VMI-TPE法成为高分辨率真空紫外PFI-PE测量一个很好的替代.     

Complete rate equation modelling of quantum cascade lasers for the analysis of temperature effects

The effect of temperature on the dynamics of a GaAs-based quantum cascade laser (QCL) is analysed using a complete rate equation model. The analytical expressions for the threshold current density and the output power are derived using the model and the thermal behaviour of these parameters is examined. A better conformity of the threshold current density with experiment at higher temperatures is achieved. The effect of temperature on the 3 dB optical bandwidth is further investigated using the same model. A comparative analysis of the model is performed with the recently reported rate equation models. It is observed that the 3 dB optical bandwidth falls more rapidly at higher operating temperatures that highlight the effects of leakage and backscattering processes present in the device.     

Fisher’s linear discriminant ratio based threshold for moving human detection in thermal video

In video surveillance, the moving human detection in thermal video is a critical phase that filters out redundant information to extract relevant information. The moving object detection is applied on thermal video because it penetrate challenging problems such as dynamic issues of background and illumination variation. In this work, we have proposed a new background subtraction method using Fisher’s linear discriminant ratio based threshold. This threshold is investigated automatically during run-time for each pixel of every sequential frame. Automatically means to avoid the involvement of external source such as programmer or user for threshold selection. This threshold provides better pixel classification at run-time. This method handles problems generated due to multiple behavior of background more accurately using Fisher’s ratio. It maximizes the separation between object pixel and the background pixel. To check the efficacy, the performance of this work is observed in terms of various parameters depicted in analysis. The experimental results and their analysis demonstrated better performance of proposed method against considered peer methods.     

Numerical study of the effect of liquid compressibility on acoustic droplet vaporization

In acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV), a cavitated bubble grows and collapses depending on the pressure amplitude of the acoustic pulse. During the bubble collapse, the surrounding liquid is compressed to high pressure, and liquid compressibility can have a significant impact on bubble behavior and ADV threshold. In this work, a one-dimensional numerical model considering liquid compressibility is presented for ADV of a volatile microdroplet, extending our previous Rayleigh-Plesset based model [Ultrason. Chem. 71 (2021) 105361]. The numerical results for bubble motion and liquid energy change in ADV show that the liquid compressibility highly inhibits bubble growth during bubble collapse and rebound, especially under high acoustic frequency conditions. The liquid compressibility effect on the ADV threshold is quantified with varying acoustic frequencies and amplitudes.     

Global well-posedness and blow-up for the hartree equation

For 2 γ min{4, n}, we consider the focusing Hartree equation iu_t+ △u +(|x|~(-γ)* |u|~2)u = 0, x ∈ R~n.(0.1)Let M [u] and E [u] denote the mass and energy, respectively, of a solution u, and Q be the ground state of-△ Q + Q =(|x|~(-γ)* |Q|~2)Q. Guo and Wang [Z. Angew. Math.Phy.,2014] established a dichotomy for scattering versus blow-up for the Cauchy problem of(0.1) if M [u]~(1-s_c)E [u]~(s_c) M [Q]~(1-s_c)E [Q]~(s_c)(s_c=(γ-2)/2). In this paper, we consider the complementary case M [u]~(1-s_c)E [u]~(s_c)≥ M [Q]~(1-s_c)E [Q]~(s_c) and obtain a criteria on blow-up and global existence for the Hartree equation(0.1).     

Fast Lagrange–Newton transformations

In this paper we present explicit vector formulae for the Lagrange–Newton transformation L:Kⁿ→Kⁿ$L:{\mathrm{K}}^n\to {\mathrm{K}}^n$ and its inverse L^-1$L^{-1}$ with respect to interpolating knots _xi=α_xi-1+β(i=1,2,…,n-1;_x0=γ)$x_i=\alpha x_{i-1}+\beta \left(i=1,2,\dots ,n-1;x_0=\gamma \right)$, where α≠0,β,γ$\alpha \ne 0,\beta ,\gamma$ belong to a field K. These formulae depend on the wrapped convolution, Horner transformation, iterative product and coordinatewise vector operations. All these transformations and operations, except of O(nlogn)$O\left(n\log n\right)$—wrapped convolution, have running time of O(n)$O\left(n\right)$ base operations from the field K. Moreover, we give an application of these fast interpolating transformations to threshold secret sharing schemes in cryptography.     

长江三峡库区典型滑坡降雨诱发的概率分析

降雨是诱发滑坡发生或复活的主要因素。作者根据对长江三峡库区典型滑坡的分析，得到几个典型滑坡降雨诱发的阀值，并利用阀值分析了典型滑坡降雨诱发的概率。     

Multi-analyte high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution tandem mass spectrometry method for control of pesticide residues,mycotoxins, and pyrrolizidine alkaloids

A new reliable and highly sensitive method based on high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation and high resolution tandem mass spectrometric detection (HRMS/MS) has been developed and validated for determination of 323 pesticide residues, 55 mycotoxins, and 11 plant toxins represented by pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The method was validated for three matrices, leek, wheat, and tea differing in nature/amount of co-extracts that may cause various matrix effects. For target analytes isolation, optimized QuEChERS-based (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) extraction procedure was employed. Spectral HRMS/MS library has been established providing an entire spectrum of fragment ions for each analyte, which allows unbiased identification and confirmation of target compounds. The limits of quantification (LOQs) of target analytes were below 10 μg kg⁻¹ for 82%, 81%, and 61% for matrices leek, wheat, and tea, respectively. Recoveries were in the acceptable range (70–120%) according to SANCO/12571/2013 for most of target analytes, except for highly polar ‘masked’ mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside with recoveries 35%, 47%, and 42% for matrices leek, wheat, and tea, respectively. The linearities of calibration curves expressed as coefficients of determination were in the range of 0.9661–1.000, and repeatabilities expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs) at LOQs lied in the range of 0.25–13.51%. The trueness of the method was verified using several certified reference materials (CRMs) and proficiency test samples.     

Small subgraphs in random graphs and the power of multiple choices

The standard paradigm for online power of two choices problems in random graphs is the Achlioptas process. Here we consider the following natural generalization: Starting with G₀ as the empty graph on n vertices, in every step a set of r edges is drawn uniformly at random from all edges that have not been drawn in previous steps. From these, one edge has to be selected, and the remaining r−1 edges are discarded. Thus after N steps, we have seen rN edges, and selected exactly N out of these to create a graph GN.In a recent paper by Krivelevich, Loh, and Sudakov (2009) [11], the problem of avoiding a copy of some fixed graph F in GN for as long as possible is considered, and a threshold result is derived for some special cases. Moreover, the authors conjecture a general threshold formula for arbitrary graphs F. In this work we disprove this conjecture and give the complete solution of the problem by deriving explicit threshold functions N₀(F,r,n) for arbitrary graphs F and any fixed integer r. That is, we propose an edge selection strategy that a.a.s. (asymptotically almost surely, i.e. with probability 1−o(1) as n→∞) avoids creating a copy of F for as long as N=o(N₀), and prove that any online strategy will a.a.s. create such a copy once N=ω(N₀).