人工神经网络研究进展及其在光谱分析中的应用

介绍最常用的人工神经网络——BP神经网络的原理、结构及其研究进展,评述了人工神经网络在光谱分析中的应用。     

Method development for the separation of steroids by capillary electrochromatography

A rapid capillary electrochromatography (CEC) method was developed to separate five structurally related steroid compounds from the production line of steroid hormones. The separation was performed on a Hypersil C8 MOS and Unimicro C18 stationary phases using acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH), and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as organic modifiers and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) as buffer additive. The Hypersil C8 MOS stationary phase performed best together with ACN as organic modifier and Tris buffer. The method was extensively tested for ruggedness with respect to sensitivity to temperature, ACN composition, pH change, concentration of Tris buffer, injected plug length, and run‐to‐run and day‐to‐day repeatability. The minimal detectable concentration and amount were investigated for quantification purposes. The developed CEC method was shown to be fast, rugged, and well suited for quantification of the steroids under study.     

MAA存在下VAc/BA核壳乳液聚合过程中的胶粒形态研究

用ＴＥＭ和电位滴定法对不同配方和工艺条件得到的胶粒形态结构和羧基分别进行了表征。结果表明：加入甲基丙烯酸有利于胶粒的稳定和形成规则的核壳胶粒。半连续加料不会形成完全反转的核壳结构,但是,核层在反应过程中由于聚合物簇的迁移会造成形变。由于胶粒中聚合物浓度高,粘度大,因而胶粒形态变化受动力学影响甚大,羧基分布主要是由动力学确定的。     

水溶性卟啉及金属卟啉在DNA中的研究进展

近年来, 卟啉及金属卟啉与DNA的相互作用已成为研究的热点. 通过对卟啉及金属卟啉与DNA相互作用的研究将有助于更深地认识DNA本身的结构和功能, 有助于卟啉及金属卟啉在医学上的应用, 对认识很多疾病的治病机制和药物的设计也起到非常重要的作用. 本文阐述了卟啉及金属卟啉与DNA相互作用的方式和影响因素, 并将水溶性卟啉及金属卟啉分为三类: 具有吡啶基或铵基的阳离子型卟啉及金属卟啉, 具有磺酸基或羧基的阴离子型卟啉及金属卟啉, 以及非离子型的卟啉及金属卟啉. 重点论述了这三类水溶性卟啉及金属卟啉与DNA之间的相互作用, 以及这三类水溶性卟啉及金属卟啉在DNA中的应用研究进展.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱激光烧蚀固体进样技术新进展

本文简单地介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)的基本原理及装置。分别对LA-ICP-MS在飞秒激光器、紫外激光器、固液气溶胶混合进样、集合式小样品标样、原位统计分布技术上的技术新进展进行了详细的评述。     

便携式温度计校验仪的研制

介绍便携式温度计校验仪的工作原理及研制过程。对该仪器的恒温槽体机械结构、制冷器和散热器的设计、恒温槽体温度测量及控制等进行了详细叙述。该仪器提供的温度场稳定、均匀，在-20～100℃范围内可任意设定温度。解决了温度计现场快速校准的问题。     

Dynamic modeling of the morphology of latex particles with in situ formation of graft copolymer

Modification of the polymer–polymer interfacial tension is a way to tailor‐make particle morphology of waterborne polymer–polymer hybrids. This allows achieving a broader spectrum of application properties and maximizing the synergy of the positive properties of both polymers, avoiding their drawbacks. In situ formation of graft copolymer during polymerization is an efficient way to modify the polymer–polymer interfacial tension. Currently, no dynamic model is available for polymer–polymer hybrids in which a graft copolymer is generated during polymerization. In this article, a novel model based on stochastic dynamics is developed for predicting the dynamics of the development of particle morphology for composite waterborne systems in which a graft copolymer is produced in situ during the process. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

Characterization of CNS disorders and evaluation of therapy using structural and functional MRI

Modern drug development requires technologies that allow rapid translation from the preclinical to the clinical stage. It is obvious that non-invasive imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will play a central role in this regard. This article reviews the use of structural and functional MRI readouts for characterization of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and evaluation of the efficacy of potential CNS drugs. Examples comprise dementia of Alzheimer's type, cerebral ischemia, and neuroinflammation covering both clinical and preclinical aspects. In these examples MRI has been used to obtain relevant structural information on brain atrophy, on the location and extent of ischemic brain areas, and on the number and distribution of demyelinated plaques. These structural data are complemented by readouts assessing the functional consequences associated with the pathomorphological changes. In the last decade, MRI has evolved into a standard tool for the development of CNS drugs. With regard to target-specific/molecular imaging applications MRI is limited by its inherently low sensitivity; complementary imaging modalities utilizing optical and radionuclear reporter systems will thus be required.     

纳滤膜的研究进展

纳滤膜是一种新型分离膜,其截流分子量介于反渗透膜和超滤膜之间,且对无机盐有一定的截流率。国内外纳滤膜制备方法有L-S相转化法、复合法、荷电化法和无机改性等。纳滤膜研究中存在着膜通量小、膜制作成本较高及抗污染性差等问题,因此选择和制备纳滤膜的材料,优化纳滤技术水处理工艺设计,提高纳滤性能,降低制膜成本,减轻膜污染等已成为当今科学研究的重要课题。