随机变量序列加权和的强收敛性

本文讨论了一般随机变量序列加权和的强收敛性．作为推论，得到一类鞅差序列加权和的收敛定理和若干经典的独立随机变量序列的强大数定律；已有的若干结论是本文结果的特例．     

同分布NA列Jamison型加权和强稳定的充要条件

本文将Ｊａｍｉｓｏｎ等（１９６５）关于ｉｉｄ列加权和强稳定的充分性结果推广到ＮＡ列的场合并且得到了ＮＡ列Ｊａｍｉｓｏｎ型加权和强稳定的必要性结果。     

Vacuum birefringence in strong magnetic fields: (I) Photon polarization tensor with all the Landau levels

Photons propagating in strong magnetic fields are subject to a phenomenon called the “vacuum birefringence” where refractive indices of two physical modes both deviate from unity and are different from each other. We compute the vacuum polarization tensor of a photon in a static and homogeneous magnetic field by utilizing Schwinger’s proper-time method, and obtain a series representation as a result of double integrals analytically performed with respect to proper-time variables. The outcome is expressed in terms of an infinite sum of known functions which is plausibly interpreted as summation over all the Landau levels of fermions. Each contribution from infinitely many Landau levels yields a kinematical condition above which the contribution has an imaginary part. This indicates decay of a sufficiently energetic photon into a fermion–antifermion pair with corresponding Landau level indices. Since we do not resort to any approximation, our result is applicable to the calculation of refractive indices in the whole kinematical region of a photon momentum and in any magnitude of the external magnetic field.     

Limit theorems for the pre-averaged Hayashi–Yoshida estimator with random sampling

We will focus on estimating the integrated covariance of two diffusion processes observed in a nonsynchronous manner. The observation data is contaminated by some noise, which possibly depends on the time and the latent diffusion processes, while the sampling times also possibly depend on the observed processes. In a high-frequency setting, we consider a modified version of the pre-averaged Hayashi–Yoshida estimator, and we show that such a kind of estimator has the consistency and the asymptotic mixed normality, and attains the optimal rate of convergence.     

An Efficient and Environment Friendly Procedure for the Synthesis of Arylmethylenemalononitrile Catalyzed by Strong Base Anion‐Exchange Resin in Water

Abstract

Knoevenagel condensation of malononitrile with aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by strong base anion‐exchange resin in water results arylmethylenemalononitrile in 74–98% yield at room temperature.     

Strong ergodicity of the regime-switching diffusion processes

We provide criteria for the strong ergodicity of regime-switching diffusion processes. Our conditions are imposed on the coefficients of the processes. Particularly, we show that for regime-switching diffusions on the half line, if the corresponding diffusion on each fixed environment is strongly ergodic, then the regime-switching diffusion is strongly ergodic as well, which does not depend on the changing rate of the environment. Moreover, the converse is not always true, which is shown by an example. For transience, recurrence and positive recurrence, there is no such good consistency [R. Pinsky and M. Scheutzow, Some remarks and examples concerning the transience and recurrence of random diffusions, Ann. Inst. Henri. Poincaré 28 (1992) 519–536].     

Statistical inference for Vasicek-type model driven by Hermite processes

Let $Z$ denote a Hermite process of order $q\ge 1$ and self-similarity parameter $H\in (\frac{1}{2},1)$. This process is $H$-self-similar, has stationary increments and exhibits long-range dependence. When $q=1$, it corresponds to the fractional Brownian motion, whereas it is not Gaussian as soon as $q?2$. In this paper, we deal with a Vasicek-type model driven by $Z$, of the form $d{X}_t=a(b?X_t)dt+d{Z}_t$. Here, $a>0$ and $b\in \mathbb{R}$ are considered as unknown drift parameters. We provide estimators for $a$ and $b$ based on continuous-time observations. For all possible values of $H$ and $q$, we prove strong consistency and we analyze the asymptotic fluctuations.     

An efficient iterative method for finding common fixed point and variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we investigate the problem of finding a common solution to a fixed point problem involving demi-contractive operator and a variational inequality with monotone and Lipschitz continuous mapping in real Hilbert spaces. Inspired by the projection and contraction method and the hybrid descent approximation method, a new and efficient iterative method for solving the problem is introduced. Strong convergence theorem of the proposed method is established under standard and mild conditions. Our scheme generalizes and extends some of the existing results in the literature, and moreover, its computational effort is less per each iteration compared with related works.