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Remigijus Mikulevičius 《随机分析与应用》2015,33(3):549-571
This article studies the rate of convergence of the weak Euler approximation for Itô diffusion and jump processes with Hölder-continuous generators. It covers a number of stochastic processes including the nondegenerate diffusion processes and a class of stochastic differential equations driven by stable processes. To estimate the rate of convergence, the existence of a unique solution to the corresponding backward Kolmogorov equation in Hölder space is first proved. It then shows that the Euler scheme yields positive weak order of convergence. 相似文献
54.
《Comptes Rendus Physique》2015,16(8):761-772
Biological systems, from cells to organisms, must respond to the ever-changing environment in order to survive and function. This is not a simple task given the often random nature of the signals they receive, as well as the intrinsically stochastic, many-body and often self-organized nature of the processes that control their sensing and response and limited resources. Despite a wide range of scales and functions that can be observed in the living world, some common principles that govern the behavior of biological systems emerge. Here I review two examples of very different biological problems: information transmission in gene regulatory networks and diversity of adaptive immune receptor repertoires that protect us from pathogens. I discuss the trade-offs that physical laws impose on these systems and show that the optimal designs of both immune repertoires and gene regulatory networks display similar discrete tiling structures. These solutions rely on locally non-overlapping placements of the responding elements (genes and receptors) that, overall, cover space nearly uniformly. 相似文献
55.
《Physics letters. A》2020,384(19):126411
New features of noise-induced climate variability are revealed on the basis of the three-dimensional model derived by Saltzman and Maasch. It is shown that the climate system can be highly noise excitable and it possesses the large-amplitude fluctuations even in those regions where its akin deterministic model does not contain any self-sustained oscillations. Intermittency in small- and large amplitude climate fluctuations between different basins of attraction of a limit cycle and stable equilibria substantially influencing the climate state (from warm to cold and vice versa) are found at various noise intensities. Suddenly occurring jumps between the basins of attraction of two stable equilibria corresponding to the warm and cold climate states are statistically confirmed under a certain diapason of noise intensities. The climate system undergoes transitions between its equilibria in the presence of noise in its prognostic variables. In addition, such transitions become more likely with increasing the noise intensity. 相似文献
56.
《Physics letters. A》2020,384(15):126307
We introduce a procedure for separating periodic oscillations superposed on a stochastic signal. The procedure combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD) of a signal with tools of data analysis based on stochastic differential equations, namely nonlinear Langevin equations. Taking the set of modes retrieved from the EMD of the signal, our procedure is able to separate them into two groups, one composing the periodic signal and another composing the stochastic signal. The framework is robust for a broad family of localized oscillations, in the range of large frequencies. In particular, we show that, in this context, the EMD method outperforms a low-pass filter and is robust for a wide interval of different frequency ranges and amplitudes of the periodic oscillation, as well as for a broad family of different non-linear Langevin processes. 相似文献
57.
范跃祖,宁文如,刘剑.光纤陀螺随机误差的滤波方案的探讨.数理统计与管理,1997,16(4),29~32.光纤陀螺是新一代的光学陀螺仪,它的性能决定着惯性参照系统的精度。光纤陀螺的误差分为两大类。一类是有规律的,另一类是随机的。本文提出了两种新的用于光纤陀螺随机误差补偿的Kalman滤波方案,考虑了两种随机模型:(Ⅰ)角速度变化为等随机的;(Ⅱ)角速度变化为等随机加速的。仿真结果表明,第二种方案对噪声起到了很好的抑制作用和滤波效果 相似文献
58.
The present paper is the second and main part of a study of partial differential equations under the influence of noisy perturbations. Existence and uniqueness of function solutions in the mild sense are obtained for a class of deterministic linear and semilinear parabolic boundary initial value problems. If the noise data are random, the results may be seen as a pathwise approach to SPDE's. For typical examples, such as spatially one-dimensional stochastic heat equations with additive or multiplicative perturbations of fractional Brownian type, we recover and extend known results. In addition, we propose to consider partial noises of low order. 相似文献
59.
In this paper we study the problem of simultaneous minimization of risks, and maximization of the terminal value of expected funds assets in a stochastic defined benefit aggregated pension plan. The risks considered are the solvency risk, measured as the variance of the terminal fund’s level, and the contribution risk, in the form of a running cost associated to deviations from the evolution of the stochastic normal cost. The problem is formulated as a bi-objective stochastic problem of mean–variance and it is solved with dynamic programming techniques. We find the efficient frontier and we show that the optimal portfolio depends linearly on the supplementary cost of the fund, plus an additional term due to the random evolution of benefits. 相似文献
60.
本文把稳健统计的影响函数概念引入到了概率约束下的随机规划模型中.在一定条件下,得到了三个模型最优解的影响函数表达式. 相似文献